GMO Presentation

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ARE GMO

GENETICALLY
MODIFIED ORGANISM
is any organism
whose genetic material has been
altered using genetic engineering
techniques. The exact definition of a
genetically modified organism and
what constitutes genetic
engineering varies, with the most
common being an organism altered
in a way that "does not occur
naturally by mating and/or
natural recombination"
NATURALISTIC
FALLACY
The naturalistic fallacy should
not be confused with the appeal
to nature fallacy, which is
exemplified by forms of
reasoning such as "Something
is natural; therefore, it is morally
acceptable" or "This property is
unnatural; therefore, this
property is undesirable."
WHAT ARE THEY DOING
TO OUR FOOD?
Creating a genetically modified organism
is a multi-step process. Genetic engineers
must isolate the gene they wish to insert
into the host organism and combine it with
other genetic elements.

Genes have been transferred within the


same species, across species (creating
transgenic organisms) and even
across kingdoms. New genes can be
introduced, or endogenous genes can be
enhanced, altered or knocked out.
FOR OR AGAINST?
Among commonly expressed concerns — none of which have
been clearly demonstrated — are unwanted changes in
nutritional content, the creation of allergens and toxic effects
on bodily organs. According to an interview in Scientific
American with Robert Goldberg, a plant molecular biologist at
the University of California, Los Angeles, such fears have not
yet been quelled despite “hundreds of millions of genetic
experiments involving every type of organism on earth and
people eating billions of meals without a problem.”
FOR OR AGAINST?
Manufacturers use genetic modification to give foods desirable traits. For
example, they have designed two new varieties of apple that turn less
brown when cut or bruised.

The reasoning usually involves making crops more resistant to diseases


as they grow. Manufacturers also engineer produce to be more nutritious
or tolerant of herbicides.

Genetically modification can also increase nutritional value or enhance


flavor.

All of these factors contribute to lower costs for the consumer. They can
also ensure that more people have access to quality food.
Knowledge is the best predictor of one's attitudes about GM
foods. Some research has even shown that those who think they
know the most about GM foods actually know less and have the most
negative beliefs. This means that people who dislike GM foods do so
because they don't know what GM foods are and how they are
created.

More importantly, though, scientific advancements are necessary for


our survival. Advances such as creating better crops, developing new
vaccines, understanding why our climate is changing and coming up
with ways to combat it rely on cutting-edge science. By simply giving
people more information in an accessible way, we are giving them
the tools to make better decisions—the decisions that will ultimately
decide our future.

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