Stem12architecture 171208163614

THE
CHARACTERISTICS
OF 12
ARCHITECTURAL
STYLES
CLASSIC
Classical architecture was constructed
in Ancient Greece between the 7th and 4th
century BC. It is best known for its large
religious temples built in stone, designed
from principles of order, symmetry,
geometry, and perspective. A notable
characteristic of its expressiveness are
the principles of the “architectural orders”:
Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.
ROMANESQUE
row·muh·nesk
Developed in Europe between the 6th and
9th centuries, this architectural style has a
great relation to its historical context. In a
period when European countries were at war
and worried about protecting against invasions,
the buildings, inspired by the Republic of
Ancient Rome, were characterized by heavy and
resistant walls and minimal openings in
semicircular arches.
GOTHIC
Rib vaults.
Flying
buttresses.
Pointed Gothic
arches.
Stained glass
windows were
also common.
What we now know as Gothic architecture
was originally named Opus Francigenum, or
“French work,” as it originated in the Late
Middle Ages in France, between the years 900
and 1300. It was only during the
Enlightenment that the name “Gothic” came
about to refer to the vertical and majestic
architecture produced in that period.
BAROQUE
Beginning in the 16th century under a
Monarchist regime in Europe, Baroque
architecture can also be seen in religious
buildings. Making use of ornaments and
elements that sought to establish a
dramatic sense -- especially by contrasting
light and dark -- Baroque
architecture viewed structural elements as
platforms for decoration.
It usually includes curving forms
including oval shapes and a
combination of concave and convex
forms that make walls seems to
undulate, or appear wavy with a
strong sense of motion
NEOCLASSICAL
From the 18th century onwards,
Neoclassical architecture sought to revive
Classical Greek and Roman buildings. Its
expression is strongly related to its social and
economic context, the Industrial Revolution
in Europe, and a period in which upper-
middle-class students began the Grand
Tour tradition -- traveling around the world
and coming into contact with ancient works.
BEAUX-ARTS
BOW..SAA
This academic style originated in the
Fine Arts School in Paris in the mid-
1830s. It established a language that
referred to other periods, such as French
Neoclassicism, Gothic architecture, and
the Renaissance, however, it also
employed contemporary materials such as
glass and iron.
ART NOUVEAU
1. Asymmetrical shapes.
2. Extensive use of arches and curved
forms.
3. Curved glass.
4. Curving, plant-like embellishments.
Mosaics.
5. Stained glass.
6. Japanese motifs.
Art Nouveau originally served as a guide
to several disciplines from architecture to
painting, and furniture design to typography.
As a reaction to the eclectic styles that
dominated Europe, Art Nouveau manifested
itself in architecture in decorative elements:
the buildings, full of curved and sinuous
lines, received ornaments inspired by organic
shapes such as plants, flowers, and animals,
both in terms of design and the use of color.
ART DECO
Art Deco emerged in France right
before World World I, and, just like Art
Nouveau, influenced several areas of art
and design. Blending modern design,
handcrafted elements, and luxurious
materials, the movement represented a
moment of great belief in social and
technological progress in the continent
BAUHAUS
Bauhaus was born at the first
design school in the world at the
beginning of the 20th century. It was
embedded in a discourse that spanned
from furniture design to plastic arts
and the avant-garde posture in
Germany.
MODERN
Modernism was born in the first half of the
20th century. It can be said it began in
Germany with Bauhaus, or France with Le
Corbusier, or the U.S. with Frank Lloyd
Wright. However, Le Corbusier’s contribution
to the understanding of Modern architecture
is most notable, particularly for his ability to
synthesize the precepts he adopted in his
works, design, and discourse.
POSTMODERN
From 1929 onwards, with the
onset of the Great Depression, a chain
of criticism of Modern architecture
begins and continues until the late
1970s. Postmodern architecture
examines some of Modernism’s central
principles from a new historical and
compositional perspective, both in
discourse and built works.
DECONSTRUCTIVISM
Deconstructivism originated in the 1980s
and questions the precepts and process of
design and incorporates nonlinear dynamics to
the field’s reasoning. Deconstructivism relates
to two main concepts: deconstruction, a
literary and philosophical analysis that
rethinks and dismantles traditional modes of
thinking; and constructivism, the artistic and
architectonical Russian movement from the
THE NATIONAL ARTISTS
OF THE PHILIPPINES FOR
ARCHITECTURE
Philippine architecture reflects the
country’s cultural heritage and need to
adapt to the environment.
The architecture of the Philippines reflects its
history and tradition. Churches and mosques
across the country, as well as buildings in the
metropolitan and rural areas have risen in
response to the growing demands of the
Filipinos.
NATIONAL
ARTISTS FOR
ARCHITECTURE
PABLO S. ANTONIO (1901-1975)
oIs one of the leaders in

modern Philippine
architecture.
oHis works are simple and
functional
oMost of his designs used
clean and smooth lines
LEANDRO V. LOCSIN (1928-1994)
He believes that the true
Philippine Architecture is the
product of two great streams of
culture, the oriental and the
occidental.
CCP Main building
Istana Nurul Iman
JUAN F. NAKPIL(1899-1986)
oFather of Philippine
architecture
oFirst National Artist

for Architecture
Quiapo Church
ILDEFONSO P. SANTOS, JR. (1929-2014)
One of the most recognized
landscape architects in the
country.
Landscape architecture-
enhances outdoor public
spaces, landmarks, and
structures by contouring
the environment.
Paco Park, Metro Manila
Tagaytay Highland landscape
JOSE MARIA ZARAGOSA(1912-1994)
o He is the country’s 82nd
licensed architect
o Played a key role in the

reconstruction of post war
Philippines
Meralco Building
Santo Domingo Church in Quezon City

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THE

oIs one of the leaders in

oFirst National Artist

o Played a key role in the

Santo Domingo Church in Quezon City

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