Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 19 views

    Physics For Scientists and Engineers: Fifth Edition

    Uploaded by

    Gabino Corona
    Diapositivas para clase

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Physics For Scientists and Engineers: Fifth Edition

    Uploaded by

    Gabino Corona
    19 views62 pages
    Diapositivas para clase

    Original Title

    Carga eléctrica

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Diapositivas para clase

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    19 views62 pages

    Physics For Scientists and Engineers: Fifth Edition

    Uploaded by

    Gabino Corona
    Diapositivas para clase

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 62

    Paul A.

    Tipler • Gene Mosca

    Physics for Scientists


    and Engineers
    Fifth Edition

    Chapter 21:
    The Electric Field I:
    Discrete Charge Distributions

    Copyright © 2004 by W. H. Freeman & Company


    1
    21-1
    Electric Charge

    2
    Electric Charge
    Q = ± Ne, (N = integer)

    Charge of Matter
    qproton = +e qneutron = 0 qelectron = -e

    Examples:
    He = (2p, 2n, 2e-) charge = 0
    He+ = (2p, 2n, 1e-) = +1e
    3
    Charge Interaction

    Like charges repel


    Unlike charges attract

    4
    Relative affinity of materials
    in attracting electrons.

    5
    21-2
    Conductors and Insulators

    6
    Conductors
    • “free” electrons
    • electron motion = “conduction”

    7
    Evidence of electron conduction away from central
    metallic element (gold leaf repulsion)

    8
    Charging by Induction (1 of 3)

    9
    Charging by Induction (2 of 3)

    10
    Charging by Induction (3 of 3)

    11
    attraction of an uncharged conductor

    12
    “Ground” = source or sink of charge

    13
    Charge re-distributes quickly after rod moves far away

    14
    21-3
    Coulomb’s Law

    15
    16
    Example in 2D

    17
    Electric Field

    force per charge-size [N/C]

    18
    19
    Direction of E

    20
    Electric Field of a Point Charge

    Electric Field due to


    Multiple Point Charges

    21
    Example: Approximating E above Uniform Line of Charge

    Given: 6 m long uniform strip of


    charge Q lies along x axis 0, 6 m.
    Estimate E at P = (6, 2)m by
    breaking strip into 3 discrete
    point charges q = Q/3 located at
    1, 3, and 5 m along the x-axis.

    r1/r1 = {(6, 2) – (1, 0)}/(29). = (5,2)/ (29)

    r2/r2 = (3, 2)/ (13)

    r3/r3 = (1, 2)/ (5)

    22
    Components of Total Electric Field

     kq  r1  kqr1

    kq(5,2)
    E1  2    3  3
     kq(0.03202,0.01281)
    r1  r1  r1 ( 29 )

     kq  r2 
     kqr2 kq(3,2)
    E2  2    3  3  kq(0.06400,0.04267)
    r2  r2  r2 (13) 2

     kq  r3  kqr3

    kq(1,2)
    E3  2    3  3  kq(0.08944,0.1789)
    r3  r3  r3 (5) 2

    23
    The net electric field at (6,2) is E = E1 + E2 + E3.

    E = kq(0.1855, 0.2344)

    angle of E = tan-1(.2344/.1855) = 51.6.

    magnitude of E = kq(0.18552 + 0.23442)


    = 0.2989kq= 0.2989kQ/3 = 0.09963kQ

    The exact value of E = kQ/12 = 0.08333kQ

    24
    Dipole – two equal size opposite sign charges at
    small separation distance

    25
    Electric Field around a Dipole

    26
    21-5
    Electric Field Lines

    27
    Effect of point charge on oil soaked threads

    28
    Electric Field Lines (EFLs) inferred from experiment

    29
    Effect of two like point charges on oil soaked threads

    30
    Electric Field Lines (EFLs) inferred from experiment

    31
    Effect of two unlike point charges on oil soaked threads

    32
    Electric Field Lines (EFLs) inferred from experiment

    33
    EFL Conventions

    34
    EFLs  lines for +q as distance from charges increas

    35
    Relative charge = #lines leaving – #lines entering

    Example:
    Each
    sphere has
    count of +8

    36
    21-6
    Motion of Point Charges in
    Electric Fields

    37
    38
    Force on – charge is opposite to E.

    39
    40
    21-7
    Electric Dipoles in
    Electric Fields

    41
    42
    Problems

    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62

    You might also like