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    Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

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    ML Estavillo
    Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops after exposure to a traumatic event like death, injury, or violence. Symptoms include intrusive memories, avoidance of trauma reminders, negative changes in mood and thoughts, and increased arousal and reactivity. Risk factors include pre-existing mental health issues, severity of trauma, lack of social support, and maladaptive coping strategies. Biology and psychology both contribute to PTSD through factors like brain structure and biochemistry, as well as temperament and coping skills.

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    Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

    Uploaded by

    ML Estavillo
    24 views12 pages
    Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops after exposure to a traumatic event like death, injury, or violence. Symptoms include intrusive memories, avoidance of trauma reminders, negative changes in mood and thoughts, and increased arousal and reactivity. Risk factors include pre-existing mental health issues, severity of trauma, lack of social support, and maladaptive coping strategies. Biology and psychology both contribute to PTSD through factors like brain structure and biochemistry, as well as temperament and coping skills.

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    Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops after exposure to a traumatic event like death, injury, or violence. Symptoms include intrusive memories, avoidance of trauma reminders, negative changes in mood and thoughts, and increased arousal and reactivity. Risk factors include pre-existing mental health issues, severity of trauma, lack of social support, and maladaptive coping strategies. Biology and psychology both contribute to PTSD through factors like brain structure and biochemistry, as well as temperament and coping skills.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    24 views12 pages

    Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

    Uploaded by

    ML Estavillo
    Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops after exposure to a traumatic event like death, injury, or violence. Symptoms include intrusive memories, avoidance of trauma reminders, negative changes in mood and thoughts, and increased arousal and reactivity. Risk factors include pre-existing mental health issues, severity of trauma, lack of social support, and maladaptive coping strategies. Biology and psychology both contribute to PTSD through factors like brain structure and biochemistry, as well as temperament and coping skills.

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    POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS

    DISORDER
    PTSD

    • Symptoms develop after exposure to a traumatic event


    • Exposure to actual of threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence in one (or more) of the
    following:
    • Direct experience traumatic event
    • Witnessing, in person, the event occurring to others
    • Learning that the event occurred to close family member of friend
    • Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the event.
    • One or more Intrusion symptoms associated with the event, after it occurred:
    • Recurrent, involuntary and intrusive distressing memories of event
    • Recurrent distressing dreams related to the event
    • Dissociated reactions (e.g. Flashbacks) as if event were recurring
    • Intense or prolonged psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues symbolic or resembling the
    event
    • Marked physiological reactions to cues related to event
    • Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
    • Distressing memories, thoughts or feelings
    • External reminders
    • Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with event (two or more)
    • Inability to remember important aspects of event
    • Persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs or expectations about self, others or the world
    • Persistent, distorted cognitions about cause or consequences of event
    • Persistent negative emotional state
    • Markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities
    • Feelings of detachment or estrangement from others
    • Persistent inability to experience positive emotions
    • Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with event (two or more):
    • Irritable behavior and angry outbursts
    • Reckless or self- destructive behavior
    • Hypervigilance
    • Exaggerated startle response
    • Problems with concentration
    • Sleep disturbance

    Duration: more than 1 month


    Causes significant distress or impairment
    PTSD FOR CHILDREN (6 YEARS OLD –BELOW)

    • Similar to PTSD for beyond 6 years except for exposure and developmental expressions of symptoms
    • Fear of being separated from parents
    • Losing previously- acquired skills
    • Sleep problems and nightmares without recognizable content
    • Somber, compulsive play in which themes or aspects of the trauma are repeated
    • New phobias and anxieties that seem unrelated to the trauma
    • Acting out the trauma through play, stories or drawings
    • Aches and pain with no apparent cause
    • Irritability and aggression
    RISK FACTORS

    • Pretraumatic Factors
    • Temperament (childhood emotional problems, prior mental disorders)
    • Environment (low SES, low education, lower intelligence, prior trauma, childhood adversity, cultural
    characteristics related to coping)
    • Gender (female)
    RISK FACTORS

    • Peritraumatic Factors
    • Severity
    • Personal injury
    • Interpersonal violence
    RISK FACTORS

    • Posttraumatic Factors
    • Temperament (negative appraisals, inappropriate coping, acute stress disorder)
    • Environment (adverse life events, other traumatic losses, social support)
    ETIOLOGY
    • Psychological
    • Related Symptoms prior to trauma
    • Inadequate coping strategies
    • Temperament
    • Biological
    • Reactivity and dampening reactivity: Amygdala; Hippocampus; Prefontal Cortex
    • Biochemical: Cortisol

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