Safe Lashing / Securing of Loads

Safe Lashing / Securing
of Loads
Safe Lashing / Securing of Loads
The requirements contained in this presentation

applies to ICs, their Subcontractors and any
subsequent Vendors and Suppliers when
delivering goods to ECC project locations
(including warehouses).
Responsibilities
JV and IC Management are responsible for ensuring that
transport activities within their control are managed in
accordance with the requirements of this procedure.
IC Management are responsible for ensuring that transport

activities undertaken by themselves or any of their
subcontractors within the scope of their contracts and sub-
contracts are managed in accordance with the requirements
contained of this procedure.
IC / Subcontractor Management are responsible for:
• Ensuring that the vehicles that are used to transport cargo

and equipment are appropriate and fit for service;
• Ensuring that drivers are provided with the skills and

equipment necessary to secure their loads prior to taking
to the road.
Drivers are ultimately responsible for ensuring that the

loads that they carry are secure prior to arriving at ECC.
Restraining of Loads
• Every load shall be restrained. The restraint

system shall be strong enough to restrain the
load without any movement during all expected
conditions of operation.
NO LASHING shall be removed until final

destination is reached and vehicle is
stopped.
Tie-Down Lashings
Lashings shall be one of two types of material:
• Steel chain not less than 13 mm (1/2 inch) in thickness

with grab, winged or claw hooks,
• Two 10 mm steel chain may be used in place of one
13mm in thickness steel chain with grab, winged or claw
hooks.
• Webbing straps of 50 mm width or greater.
Cargo netting is also acceptable as a secondary restraint
when the load is large enough not to pass through the
netting.
Lashings cont’d
• Ropes shall not be used to lash, tie down or restrain loads

except on light vehicles.
• Steel chain shall not be used to restrain steel pipes or

tubular - webbing straps shall be used.
• Hydraulic lifting arms shall not be used as a means to

restrain a load
Lashings cont’d
• Tie-down web lashings shall be sufficiently tensioned to

provide adequate downward restraint and prevent
sideways / frontal / rearward movement.
• Pipes and tubulars shall be restrained by webbing-

minimum of four web straps of 4-inch/100 mm width, and
minimum of four stanchions / side stakes per side (8 in
total).
• Steel chains shall not be used to secure steel pipes or

tubulars.
Lashing Material
Hand Ratchet Winch
Steel Chains
Webbing with two knots tied to repair breaks used to

tie on a tall crate, and a second webbing belt showing
severe damage. Both are unfit for use.
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Web Lashing Safety Issues:
Hand Ratchet (part of web lashing assembly)
• When using a hand ratchet winch,

the operator shall not stand on the
vehicle/trailer, or load.
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Types of load shifting
There are a number of reasons that loads can

shift while the vehicle is moving.
Braking
The load can slide forward when the vehicle brakes while
driving forward, or accelerates in reverse direction.
Accelerating
The load can shift backwards when the vehicle accelerates
forward or brakes while moving in reverse direction.
Cornering
The load can easily shift sideways when cornering.
Road gradients
When travelling over or hilly roads / surfaces, or when the
road surface is sloped in any direction, the load can shift
easily, even if the vehicle is stationary.
Air flow
When the vehicle is travelling at high speed or under windy
conditions, lightweight loads, loads with large wind facing
areas, or loads in the form of sheets can dislodge from the
vehicle.
Rough road surface

When a vehicle is travelling over rough surfaces such as
a graded road, an unsecured load can shift or fall off the
vehicle due to vibration.
Correct choice of vehicles
Open vehicles designed for carrying loose bulk material (e.g.sand or earth)
must be fitted with a cover if there is a possibility of any of the load blowing
or falling off.
Positioning the load

Load spreading
Container Loads
Twist
Twist Locks
locks can all
can provide provide all restraints
necessary
restraint for contained
for contained loads loads
Lashing Loads with Dunnage

Dunnage is packing material placed between portions of the
load and between the load and vehicle. Wooden dunnage is
often used to facilitate the loading and unloading of material
by a forklift or slings.
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Lashing Positions Lashing Positions

GRP pipe stacked on sculpted dunnage,

positioned close to headboard, web
lashing correctly placed at dunnage
point, tensioned with truck winches,
stanchions in place.
In this accident
It is clear that
the truck did
not have a head
board to protect
the driver.
Chocks
Chocks are blocks or wedges
of either solid material, or
specially manufactured of steel
or composite-material with
holes through which securing
chains can be passed.
Adequate use of chocks

Nested pipes
Each layer of pipe must be as close to the headboard as possible.
If a space is required to permit hook access keep this gap as narrow as
possible.
The upper layer of pipes must have a portion of each pipe beneath the top of
the headboard.
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Pipes and Tubulars
Tie-down lashings shall be sufficiently tensioned to provide

adequate downward restraint and prevent lateral movement.
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
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Used pipe slipping off trailer, oil covered

Badly loaded pipes, insufficiently
load, insufficient tie down.
restrained and lashed. Stanchions too
weak for adequate sideways support.
Extra care needs to be taken when
transporting and securing used pipe /
tubulars that contain oil residues.
Restraint for drums

Restraint for packs

Restraint for Bags (sand / cement)
• Bags shall be transported in trailers

with headboards, secured by tie-down
web lashings and cargo-nets.
• When high-sided cage trailers

are used, cargo nets are
not required.
Effective use of headboard, webbing, stanchions and cargo

netting to secure a trailer of general cargo. Note that sacks and
drums are all banded to pallets.
Incorrect way of transporting gas cylinders.
The cylinders must be kept vertical, whether empty or full.

Example of poor load securing

Example of poor load securing

Hydraulic booms shall not be used to restrain loads.
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Safe Lashing / Securing

The requirements contained in this presentation

IC Management are responsible for ensuring that transport

IC / Subcontractor Management are responsible for:

• Ensuring that the vehicles that are used to transport cargo

• Ensuring that drivers are provided with the skills and

Drivers are ultimately responsible for ensuring that the

• Every load shall be restrained. The restraint

NO LASHING shall be removed until final

Lashings shall be one of two types of material:

• Steel chain not less than 13 mm (1/2 inch) in thickness

• Ropes shall not be used to lash, tie down or restrain loads

• Steel chain shall not be used to restrain steel pipes or

• Hydraulic lifting arms shall not be used as a means to

• Tie-down web lashings shall be sufficiently tensioned to

• Pipes and tubulars shall be restrained by webbing-

• Steel chains shall not be used to secure steel pipes or

Hand Ratchet Winch

Webbing with two knots tied to repair breaks used to

Web Lashing Safety Issues:

Hand Ratchet (part of web lashing assembly)

• When using a hand ratchet winch,

Types of load shifting

There are a number of reasons that loads can

Rough road surface

Correct choice of vehicles

Positioning the load

Lashing Loads with Dunnage

Lashing Positions Lashing Positions

GRP pipe stacked on sculpted dunnage,

Adequate use of chocks

Pipes and Tubulars

Tie-down lashings shall be sufficiently tensioned to provide

Used pipe slipping off trailer, oil covered

Restraint for drums

Restraint for packs

Restraint for Bags (sand / cement)

• Bags shall be transported in trailers

• When high-sided cage trailers

Effective use of headboard, webbing, stanchions and cargo

Incorrect way of transporting gas cylinders.

The cylinders must be kept vertical, whether empty or full.

Example of poor load securing

Example of poor load securing

Hydraulic booms shall not be used to restrain loads.

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