Psychiatric & Mental Health Service

PSYCHIATRIC & MENTAL
HEALTH SERVICE
Definition Of Mental Health
By WHO 2001
“A state of well-being in which the
individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope
with the normal stresses of life, can work productively
and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or
her community”.
By MOH 1997
“The capacity of the individual, the group and
environment to interact with one another to
promote subjective well-being and optimal
functioning, and the use of cognitive, affective and
relational abilities, towards the achievement of
individual and collective goals consistent with
justice”.
Concept Of Mental Health In
Malaysia
The concepts of mental illness

and mental health continue to be
based on mythology, and are
socially or culturally
unacceptable in Malaysia.
VISION FOR MENTAL HEALTH
SERVICES IN MALAYSIA
To create a psychologically
healthy and balanced society
which emphasizes on promotion
of mental health and prevention
of psychological problems.
AIMS
1. To provide treatment and

rehabilitation for those with chronic
disabilities.
2. Provide adequate and appropriate
facilities for the care of the clients
to ensure optimal potential and
opportunities are realized and
protected by the family, community
and nation.
POLICY
National Mental Health Policy is in line with
the Ministry of Health eight service goals
1. Wellness focused.
2. Person focused.
3. Informed person.
4. Self care
5. Services to be provided close to home.
6. Seamless service.
7. Services tailored to individual needs.
8. To provide effective and efficient
services.
Related Act
1. Mental Health Act 2001.

2. Mental Health Regulations 2010
Mental Health Services In Malaysia
1. Integrated into all the primary health care

clinics.
2. Focus on mental health promotion, early
detection and treatment.
3. The health centers providing a stable follow up
and early detection and treatment.
4. All state hospitals and large district hospitals
provided with psychiatrist.
Comprehensive psychiatric services including:
i. Outpatient care.
ii. Inpatient care.
iii. Psycho-education program.
iv. Rehabilitative services.
v. Hospital based outreach community psychiatric
services (acute home care, assertive home care,
family intervention programmes)
OBJECTIVES OF MENTAL
HEALTH SERVICE
To Provide:
1. Comprehensive, effective and efficient services,
including outpatient, inpatients, community
outreach services, special services looking into
child and adolescents, elderly, co-morbidity with
substance use, etc.
2. Integrated psychiatric services in mainstream
general health care and continuous services from
health clinics to a hospital and vice versa.
3. Promotion of Mental Health Services for the
general population and specific target groups.
4. Multi-sectoral collaboration & opportunity for
community participation.
5. Training for all levels of human resources.
6. Monitoring of standards by key performance
indicators, NIA, credentialing and privileging
special procedures e.g. electroconvulsive
therapy.
7. Research (service-oriented, clinical trials,
quality assurance) and evidence based
medicine (Clinical Practice Guidelines, etc.).
8. Services which comply with legislation (Mental
Health Act 2001), respecting human rights of
people with mental illness.
SCOPE OF SERVICE
The level and intensity of services provided
will be dependent on facilities and resources
available.
Primary Care
1. Promotion of mental health.
2. Early detection and prompt
treatment.
3. Follow-up of stable cases and
defaulter tracing.
4. Psychosocial rehabilitation (PSR).
Hospital With No Resident
Psychiatrist
2. Early detection and prompt
treatment.
3. Follow-up of psychiatric patients and
defaulter tracing.
4. Inpatient care (Optional)
Hospital With Resident Psychiatrist
2. Early detection and prompt treatment.
3. Specialist outpatient care.
4. Inpatient care.
5. Hospital-based community psychiatry.
6. Psychosocial interventions.
7. Laison consultation service.
8. Subspecialised services e.g. child and
adolescent psychiatry, geriatric psychiatry,
etc. (optional).
9. Research.
10.Training.
Mental Institutions
2. Early detection and prompt treatment.
3. Specialist outpatient care.
4. Inpatient care.
6. Psychosocial interventions.
7. Forensic psychiatry.
8. Residential care for hard to place patients
and long stay patients.
9. Research.
10. Training.
OUT PATIENT SERVICE
All psychiatric hospitals (these include
psychiatric departments in general hospital
and the 4 psychiatric institutions) must have
outpatient services.
1. Services are available at all level of health
care facilities.
2. These may be available in:
i. Both public and private health facilities
at primary health care.
ii. Non specialist hospital.
iii. Specialist hospital and psychiatric
hospital.
The services provided include the
following:
a) Promotion of Mental Health.
b) Prevention of mental health
problem.
c) Assessment.
c) Diagnosis & treatment.
d) Rehabilitation.
e) Training for staff.
Operation
1. Outpatient services should be operated
during office hours.
2. All patients who present with a referral
should be first assessed by a triage
personnel using agreed and accepted
procedures.
3. Triage should determine the urgency of
outpatient evaluation either immediately,
early or given appointment within six
weeks.
Objectives Of Psychiatry Outpatient
Services
1. To provide easily accessible psychiatric
outpatient service.
2. To improve with early detection and early
treatment.
3. To ensure that all new cases are
appropriately assessed by specialist.
4. To provide continuing treatment for those
who require longer term follow up.
5. To provide psychosocial interventions
including counselling, psychotherapies,
patient and family education.
Services Provided In OPD
1. Triage for all referrals as per agreed
format:
2. All new cases must be consulted with
specialists at least once.
4. Follow up activity. Depot clinics:
o For stable patients who require
continued medication especially those
on regular depot injections.
5. Defaulter tracing.
6. Initiating early and prompt outpatient
treatment.
7. Counselling and psychotherapies when
needed: Most psychiatric treatment must
also include elements of counselling or
psychotherapy.
8. Audit of case notes by specialists on
patients managed by medical officers
and others periodically.
IN PATIENT SERVICE
The in-patient services are available at

various categories of hospital.
These include non specialist hospital,

specialist hospital and psychiatric hospital.
In Patient Services
1. Promotion / Advocacy.
2. Prevention.
3. Assessment.
4. Diagnosis & treatment.
5. Day care centre / Rehabilitation.
6. Care of Forensic patient (Only in
Psychiatric Hospital).
7. Training.
8. Research
IN PATIENT SERVICE
Services
1. High dependency Care.

2. Acute care.
3. Convalescent care.
4. Rehabilitation.
OVERALL MENTAL HEALTH
SERVICES
The range of services to be provided by
the Psychiatry units in the MOH should
include:
1. Outpatient services.
2. Inpatient services.
3. Child and adolescent psychiatry.
5. Addiction psychiatry.
6. Geriatric psychiatry.
7. Forensic psychiatry.
8. Neuropsychiatry health.
9. Psychiatric hospitals.
10. Psychiatric nursing homes.
11. Community mental health
centres.
12. Clinical psychology.
13. Rehabilitation and recovery-
oriented services.
14. Training and research.
PSYCHISTRIC SERVICES
AREA
Area 1 - Perlis, Kedah P.Pinang
Area 2 - Perak
Area 3 - Selangor, N.Sembilan,
Pahang
Area 4 - Melaka, Johor
Area 5 - T’gganu, Kelntan, Pahang
Area 6 - Sarawak
Area 7 - Sabah
Psychiatric Services
1. Treatment.
2. Counseling.
3. Training – AMO, SN,
Professionals & other
learning institution.
4. Collaborating with NGO
as an effort to achieve
the objectives of mental
health promotion.
5. Community visit.
6. Patient welfare.
7. Rehabilitation
programme.
Role & Responsible Of AMO in
Psychiatric Unit
1. Makes observation.
2. Monitor patient behaviour & activities.
3. Reviewing and giving drugs to patient
on follow-up treatment.
4. Reviewing patient’s psychosocial
problem.
5. Issuing follow-up letter & arrange
appointment.
6. Identifies patient with defaulter risk.
7. Evaluate patient’s physical & mental
status.
8. Health education to patient & relative.
9. Home visit
Area Where AMOs’ Are Working In
The Mental Health Setting
1. Wards
2. Psychiatric OPD
3. Health Centres.
4. Community Psychiatric
5. Support Service

Psychiatric & Mental Health Service

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Psychiatric & Mental Health Service

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PSYCHIATRIC & MENTAL

The concepts of mental illness

1. To provide treatment and

1. Mental Health Act 2001.

1. Integrated into all the primary health care

The in-patient services are available at

These include non specialist hospital,

1. High dependency Care.

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