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    Transport Mechanism Biology 1

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    Godwyn John Peruelo
    The cell membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell that regulates what moves in and out. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates. Molecules can cross the membrane through passive transport, which doesn't require energy, such as diffusion or osmosis. Active transport uses energy and carrier proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient. Large molecules cross through bulk transport using endocytosis to bring vesicles inside the cell or exocytosis to secrete them out.

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    Transport Mechanism Biology 1

    Uploaded by

    Godwyn John Peruelo
    123 views22 pages
    The cell membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell that regulates what moves in and out. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates. Molecules can cross the membrane through passive transport, which doesn't require energy, such as diffusion or osmosis. Active transport uses energy and carrier proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient. Large molecules cross through bulk transport using endocytosis to bring vesicles inside the cell or exocytosis to secrete them out.

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    TRANSPORT-MECHANISM-BIOLOGY-1 (1).pptx

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    The cell membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell that regulates what moves in and out. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates. Molecules can cross the membrane through passive transport, which doesn't require energy, such as diffusion or osmosis. Active transport uses energy and carrier proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient. Large molecules cross through bulk transport using endocytosis to bring vesicles inside the cell or exocytosis to secrete them out.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    123 views22 pages

    Transport Mechanism Biology 1

    Uploaded by

    Godwyn John Peruelo
    The cell membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell that regulates what moves in and out. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates. Molecules can cross the membrane through passive transport, which doesn't require energy, such as diffusion or osmosis. Active transport uses energy and carrier proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient. Large molecules cross through bulk transport using endocytosis to bring vesicles inside the cell or exocytosis to secrete them out.

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     Acts as a selective barrier to control the

    movement of essential substances for our


    survival.
    - Boundary that separates it from outside and
    inside of the cell.
     Semi permeable ( tends to regulate only
    certain substances that goes into and out of
    the cell).
     Fluid mosaic model
     Proteins
    - as the receptors, transmit messages to the cells
    interior.
    - support structure providing cell shape
    - Transport, create tunnels , which selectively allow
    certain substances to enter and exit the cell.
     Carbohydrates

    - Attached to proteins define the cells unique


    charcteristics and identify chemical signals.
     Cholesterol

    - Prevent fatty acid tails of the phospholipid layer


    from sticking to each other.
    - which contribute to the fluidity of the cell.
    TRANSPORT MOLECULES

    THREE IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF


    MOLECULES THAT AFFECT TEHIR ABILITY TO
    CROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE;

    1. Include the size (micromolecules and macromolecules)


    2. Charge (polar or non polar)
    3. Solubility ( Lipid-soluble or not soluble)

    Molecules can cross the membrane in three ways:

    1. Passive Transport
    2. Active Transport
    3. Bulk transport
    Concentration Gradient- the difference between the
    amount of molecules present at two regions , which
    determine the movement of molecules.

    TRANSPORT MECHANISM ACROSS CELL MEMBRANE

    • PASSIVE TRANSPORT- movement of ions, or other atomic


    or molecular substances across the membranes without need
    of energy input.
    DIFFUSION- natural process where molecules from the
    air move from a point of greater concentration to a point
    of lesser concentration to attain equilibrium.
    OSMOSIS- diffusion of water molecules across the
    mebrane.
    - Movement of water from a point of higher
    concentration to a lower concentration
    WATER POTENTIAL
    - Term used to describe the movement of water
    molecules as they undergo osmosis.
    - Measure of the difference between the force pushes
    the water molecules and the force exerted by the
    membrane.
    • ACTIVE TRANSPORT- a movement of ions or molecules
    across a membrane from low concentration to higher
    concentration
    - Requires energy and carrier proteins
    • BULK TRANSPORT OR VESICULAR TRANSPORT- large
    molecules are transported into and out of the cell through
    carrier proteins. They enter the cell in a different process that
    requires energy.

    ENDOCYTOSIS
    - The cell membrane bends inward or invaginates , forming
    a vesicle containing the macromolecule to be
    transported.

    3 types of Endocytosis
    • Phagocytosis
    • Pinocytosis
    • Receptor mediated endocytosis
    PHAGOCYTOSIS
    - Or “cell eting” process by
    which cell take in large particles
    or solids through infolding of the
    cell membrane to form
    endocytic vesicles.

    PINOCYTOSIS
    - Or “cell drinking” process of taking fluids into
    the cell by invagination of the cell membrane.
    RECEPTOR MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS
    - Process by which cells absorb metabolites , hormones, proteins
    and in some cases viruss by inward budding of the plasma
    membrane.
    • EXOCYTOSIS
    - Materials are package by the golgi, proteins produced by
    ribosomes secreted out of the cell.

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