• Upon completion of

this course, you will be

able to:
 Know basic knowledge
about IPTV Solution.

1
Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 System Structure

Chapter 3 Core Devices

Chapter 4 Service Process

Chapter 5 Content Protection

Chapter 6 Bearer Network

2
 Introduction
With the popularization of DSL access, fixed network operator
s urgently need to develop multiple services and launch the Tri
ple-play service. As part of the Triple-play service, IPTV has gr
adually become the major concern of the fixed network operat
ors in the world.

In addition to traditional Live TV programs, IPTV can provide i

nteractive video entertainment such as VOD, nPVR, Time-Shift
ed TV, providing users with better enjoyment. Moreover, IPTV
can provide various broadband network based Value-Added-Se
rvices such as Internet access by TV, video telephony, game a
nd home monitoring.

3
Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 System Structure

Chapter 3 Core Devices

Chapter 4 Service Process

Chapter 5 Content Protection

Chapter 6 Bearer Network

4
 IPTV Solution
headend MA5100/5300/5600 EC6XX Series
Encoder DHCP -PS NMS
Series DSLAMHG/Modem IP STB
IRD A/V Router

Encryptor

BRAS/
MA5200

IPTV
Middleware
EC6XX Series

HG/Modem IP STB

VOD system
Edge Video server

Video Network/Content
Central Video server MA5100/5300/5600
Management & DRM
Series DSLAM

5
Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 System Structure

Chapter 3 Core Devices

Chapter 4 Service Process

Chapter 5 Content Protection

Chapter 6 Bearer Network

6
 Middleware Architecture
•Two parts of Middleware
Middleware Broadband Network STB TV Portal server Farm
Client in STB
•Client in STB
•Backend system
Load balancer
•3-tier Architecture of Backend
Portal Boot/AAA
•High availability, no single point of
TV Portal server Farm
failure
•OSS/BSS
•Scalable to support millions of su
Mediator server Farm bscribers, just need to add more s
CSR/SMS JOB NGA ervers

•Scalable to support additional

DB DB
service features, just need to add
new application servers
Storage IPTV Database

7
 Structure of TV Portal
Service
Function description
type
Boot STB remote upgrade
server Downloading and upgrading through HTTP
Downloading channel list and channel mask
Providing TV Portal Web applications
Web (interfaces) to the STB, such as EPG, VOD
server program list, channel subscription and bill
query

Working with Huawei DHCP-PS for STB authe

ntication in DHCP access mode
Authenticating the STB in PPPoE access mode
through the built-in RADIUS Server function
AAA In both access authentication modes listed ab
Server ove, users are identified through the binding r
elationship between the STB P/ID (Nas-Port-I
D/Circuit-ID) and user physical location.
8
 Function of TV portal
•Boot Server/AAA Server •Portal Online Service
•STB authentication •Online subscription new channel
•Automatic update of subscriber •Online change plan
channel list
•Online un-subscription
•Automatic software upgrade
•Corrupted software automatic
•Self-Service
recovery •Channel Management
•Remote administration and •Parental lock
diagnostics
•Billing information
•EPG Server
•Change PIN
•VOD on Demand
•Info-desk
•Online subscription new channel
•Music on Demand •Online change plan •Language choice
•Customize channel •Online un-subscription
•
Interactive Services
listing
•Interactive Services
•Trailer viewing
•Interactive Weather /Traffic
•7-days program
schedule •Voting/Soccer Bets
•Web Surfing and E-mail

9
 Structure of Mediator
Service
Function description
type
 Management and maintenance of user templates
 Subscription, inquiry and termination of service/channel
 Channel management
 VOD product management
CSR
 EPG management
 OSS interface management (for charging and service
deployment)
 Providing interfaces for integration with NOSS/NMS
 Allocating numbers to users by integration into NOSS/NMS
 Enabling management of user channel rights by integration int
NGA
o NOSS/NMS
The NGA has been integrated into Huawei iManager N2000.
 Processing tasks in batches and providing various reports and
Job files to the BOSS
Server  Providing channel subscription information and VOD/PPV
payment information to users by interconnection with the
BOSS through the SOAP or batch process interface
CSR Customer Service Relationship
NGA NOSS / NMS Gateway Agent

10
 Function of Mediator
•Web-based Administration Service
Management
•Subscriber
Management
•System (SMS)
6 Different Roles • Channel Manageme
nt
• Plan Management
• Create/Query/Update • Product Managemen
/Delete user profile t
• Suspend/Resume us
er profile
Mediator
s
EPG
STB Manage Management
ment
• Define new program ser
Network CA E Miscellaneous
• Reset STB ies
ntitlement Ma Functions • Enquire/amend program
• Inquire STB version nagement • Mass EPG import
• Require STB to dow • Interactive channel • Update EPG data in Port
nload channel and s management al
• Integrate with Huaw
oftware • Statistics informatio
ei N2000 to impleme
• Reboot STB n
nt Network CA
•…

11
 TV Headend
BTV Content Provision------TV Headend
overview
•MPEG Encoding
Live •MPEG Transcoding
Production •IP Encapsulation
Center

Satellite Dish
Sniffer Server
monitoring/analysis Content
& IRD Delivery
Network
ASI/SDI Content
Router Processor
Video Playback
Servers

12
 TUT Astria Content Processor
The TUT Astria CP supports MPEG2 and MPEG4 AVC/H.26
4 encoder and transcoder. It supports the SDI and DVB-A
SI signal input and the MPEG over IP multicast output.

Number of
Number of slots in a
Model supported dual-
subrack
encoder cards
Astria cp 120
16 16
0
Astria cp 400 8 7
Astria cp 200 4 3
Astria cp 100 2 1
13
In addition, the AVEON NMS manages Astria CPs centrally.
 VOD System
VOD Content Provision----VOD system
overview
IPTV
Middleware
•Video Content •Video Content
Management Protection

Video Contents
Storage
For VOD
CDN Manager
DRM Manager BB
Network

Video Server
(Central Cluster)

Live channel
Contents
Video Server
For nPVR/Time-shift TV (Edge Cluster)
•Central Streaming Server
•VOD stream encryption

14
 Structure and Function
The Vision Server provides abundant VOD concurr
ent streams and mass storage. Through the Vision
Server, the services such as VOD, NVOD can be pr
Vision Server ovided to users. And by storing live TV contents to
the Vision Server, it can implement nPVR and Tim
e-shift TV services.

A platform for video content distribution

management and Vision Server management.
Through the Maestro, intelligent distribution of
video contents and centralized management of
Maestro video distribution networks are implemented.
Besides, the Maestro offers API interfaces for
integration into the Middleware.

VOD content protection system. Together with the

SecureStream Maestro and Vision Server, the SecureStream can
guarantee the security of video contents.

15
 TYPE Vision 280 Vision 480 Vision 680
Vision server Series
Power 100 – 240 VAC/ 5 90 – 265 VAC Voltage/Current
Specificatio amp max Line frequency: 100 – 240 VAC /
ns Line frequency: 47 – 63 Hz 9A / 4.5A
47 – 63 Hz Line frequency 47
– 63 Hz

Version280 Dimensions Weight (kg): 17 Weight (kg): 14 Weight ： 25 kg

and Kg. kg Dimensions 3.5” H
Weights Dimensions: Dimensions: x 25.6” D x 19” W
1.7” (1U) H 3.5” (2U) H x (1RU)
x19.8” D x17.2” 24” D x 19” W
W
Operational Temperature Temperature Temperature
Ambient range: 0 - 35 °C range: 5 to 40 range: 0 - 35 °C
Version480 Conditions Relative °C Relative humidity
humidity (non- Relative (non-condensing):
condensing): 20 - humidity (non- 20 - 80%
80% condensing): 20
- 80%
Interfaces Dual Gigabit Dual Gigabit Interface RJ45
Copper Copper Dual Gigabit
1000BaseT Full 1000BaseT Full 1000Base-T
Version680 Duplex (RJ45) Duplex (RJ45) Ethernet
RS-232 serial Dual Gigabit Interface GBIC
port for local Fiber Full Duplex SX/LC Dual Fiber
management (GBIC SX/LC) Gigabit 1000Base-
Optional - Dual RS-232 serial T Ethernet
Gigabit Fiber Full port for local RS232
Duplex (GBIC management
SX/LC)
Storage Up to1.6 TB Up to 1 TB Up to 2 TB 16
Structure of Maestro

17
 Function of Maestro

Maestro Central
 Centralized management of video network
 Management of server region and server cluster
 Content distribution management, to distribute contents from the
center to the edge in an intelligent manner
 Collection and analysis of network and service information
 STB region management
 Service group management
 Interface with Middleware
Maestro Agent
 Standalone hardware server, managing a server cluster
 Intelligent distribution of contents within a cluster
 Collection and analysis of video service information within an
cluster
 Configuration and control of Vision Server
Streaming Gateway
 Automatic generation of play list
18
 STB
Currently, an IP STB usually supports the MPEG2 coding
mode. With the launching of the new-generation video c
oding standard MPEG4 AVC/H.264, the new-generation
H.264 STB has become matured gradually, and its soluti
on will support Huawei’s new-generation IP STB EC628.
The STB supports multiple access modes such as DHCP/
PPPoE, and supports automatic remote upgrade, remote
centralized management and troubleshooting. Cooperat
ing with the Middleware and VOD server, the STB can pr
ovide various service functions.

EC623 EC628

19
Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 System Structure

Chapter 3 Core Devices

Chapter 4 Service Process

Chapter 5 Content Protection

Chapter 6 Bearer Network

20
 Interface Overview
Check Inventory
Sales
Order
Order ADSL
Web Portal Assign ADSL Line
Management Inventory
(Optional)
System Subscribe, unsubscribe
System
Subscription (2-way) Manual
Based Provisioning
Open Profile
Service Customer New Port
Start Service
Billing Profile Close Profile Change Port
(recurring (SLID)
Subscribe/un
rental) Set Status:Suspend, Resume, subscribe/ch
Payment Reminder On ange plan
Price
Payment Reminder Off notification Engine
Manual
(for discounting/
Bill Summary Inquiry Provisioning
rating, optional)
Bill Transaction Inquiry
Price Query

Billing DSLAM Broadband

Usage Charge File Mediator Network
System TL1 NMS
(VOD, PPV) Entitlement
Provisioning

SLID/Circuit ID: AccessNodeIdentifier {atm|eth} frame/slot/subslot/port[:vpi.vci|vlan]

Mediator will process the channel entitlement automatically and that is transparent to other OSS systems.
Subscription based service information should be synchronized between Order Management System Mediator.
It is the responsibility of Order Management System (with subscription based service info synchronized with Mediator) and Bill
ing System to generate recurring rental for subscription based services.

21
Line Based Authentication Flow
Customer ID Provisioning Circuit ID
CRM Huawei
System/Network
System NMS
Inventory

Customer ID
Circuit ID
Customer ID
IPTV Circuit ID
Database STB IP
Insert circuit ID :
DHCP Option 82 STB IP
PPPoE NAS Port ID Circuit ID
DHCP or PPPOE STB IP
Request Circuit ID IPTV
STB DHCP -PS/
STB IP STB IP AAA Server
BRAS/DSLAM
STB IP
TV Portal
Huawei BRAS Service
supports secured Access Rights
binding on circuit ID Controlled by
and STB IP IPTV Database
• No User ID or User PIN required
• Based on physical port (Circuit ID) to identify user
• Service access controlled by TV Portal
• STB plug -and - play; simple provisioning
22
 Line Based Authentication - DHCP
Line Based Authentication and Boot Up Flow (DHCP)
DSLAM ADSL
BRAS DHCP-PS QualiTVision QualiTVision QualiTVision
STB (support DHCP Inventory
Option82)
(DHCP Relay) (Huawei) AAA TV portal Mediator
System

2. DHCP 3. “Auth” call 4. ReportMsg

1. DHCP
Request with (Circuit ID) SOAP call 0. Call “New port” or
Request 5. Search profile using Circuit ID
Circuit ID (offer ip) “Change Port” with
inserted based on (Circuit ID & Customer ID & Circuit
DHCP Option82 STB IP) ID.
If no such interface,
6. Profile found and update of STB IP
then manually input
to DB success.
9. STB IP (must 7. via Mediator Web
not be issued 8. “Access ReportMsgR interface
10. STB IP until the success” (STB esponse, no
previous step IP) matter if
“Access profile is
success” is found or not QualiTVision
completed)
Boot Server

11. HTTP request with STB IP, STB ID and STB SID 12. Update of STB ID and
STB SID to profile in DB
based on STB IP, if profile not
13. STB gets the STB configuration file by HTTP and then determine if it is necessary to found then the request from this IP
download new s/w version, new version of channel list & channel mask will not be authenticated by TV
Portal in future

14. Access IPTV service using STB ID & STB SID.

Circuit ID: AccessNodeIdentifier {atm|eth} frame/slot/subslot/port [:vpi.vci|vlan] (DSL Forum’s recommendations)

SID: Session ID, random number generated by STB during each bootup for identifying STB session

23
 Line Based Authentication - PPPoE
Line Based Authentication and Boot Up Flow (PPPoE+)
ADSL
DSLAM BRAS/ QualiTVision QualiTVision QualiTVision
STB Inventory
(support PPPoE+) SSG AAA TV portal Mediator
System

3. RADIUS
4. Search profile using Circuit ID and
“Auth” call
update STB ID, STB SID, BRAS SID
(STB ID, STB
& BRAS IP. 0. Call “New port” or
2. PPPoE+ SID, Circuit ID,
1. PPPoE request BRAS SID, IP “Change Port” with
request
(User name: STB Customer ID &
(STB ID, STB
ID, password: 5. Profile found and update success. if Circuit ID.
SID & Circuit 6. RADIUS
profile not found then the request from this IP
STB SID) “Access success”. If no such interface,
ID) will not be authenticated by TV Portal in future
then manually input
via Mediator Web
interface
7. RADIUS 8. Update of STB IP to DB success.
9. STB IP (async “Accounting
start” call
op with step7)
(STB IP, BRAS
SID
QualiTVision
10. STB IP
Boot Server

11. STB gets the STB configuration file by HTTP and then determine if it is
necessary to download new s/w version, new version of channel list & channel
mask

12. Access IPTV service using STB ID & STB SID

Circuit ID: AccessNodeIdentifier {atm|eth} frame/slot/subslot/port [:vpi.vci|vlan] (DSL Forum’s recommendations)

SID: Session ID, random number generated by STB during each bootup for identifying STB session

24
Live TV Subscription and Access Flow
Video
Source
BB Network

STB Video
4. Channel
Request 3. Entitlement
Message NMS
DSLAM Huawei iManagerN2000
5. Grant
or Reject 2a. Entitlement Message

TV 2b. Billing
Mediator BOSS
Portal Data

1a. Subscription
DSLAM controls what 1b. Subscription
subscriber can watch.
Grant or reject
channel switching
based on subscriber
entitlement.

25
 VOD Access Flow
Network Policy
Server

2.2 Check DSLAM

SOAP bandwidth and
QoS control

1. Browse movie 2.1 Check network

bandwidth
catalogue Cascade Admission
Middleware Control System
TV Portal

STB 2.4 Get ASX, Ticket

2.3 Generate ASX,
Ticket and play list
Streaming Gateway
and play list (with list (http with a list of
(with Key Generator
of STB ID, Asset ID) asset ID) Module)

Mestro
2.5 Request stream 3 Log Center
with Ticket (with STB Transaction
ID, Asset ID) (with STB ID,
VOD Asset ID) 4. Billing
Server Cyclic or batch Middleware Transaction BOSS
2.6 Confirm checkout

26
Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 System Structure

Chapter 3 Core Devices

Chapter 4 Service Process

Chapter 5 Content Protection

Chapter 6 Bearer Network

27
 Live TV Content Protection
Network CA ：
No. Ch1 Ch2 Ch3
Port1 √ √ x Video
Port2 √ x √ Stream
IP CORE

4) Channel Request Huawei 3) Entitlement

DSLAM Message Huawei N2000

5) Grant or Reject Huawei

2a) Entitlement
Message (TL1)

STB Middleware
1a)
Subscription 2b) Billing
TV Portal Mediator information BOSS

Cust. Port# Package 1b

Jack 1 Ch1,Ch2 Subscription
Mike 2 Ch1,Ch3

Integrating professional DRM products

28
 VOD Content Protection
 Secure-Stream of the Bit-band VOD system
protects VOD contents. It features:
 Software-based content protection
technology, easy for implementation and
maintenance
 Session-based encryption technology,
ensuring high security
 End-to-end content protection solution, from
CP to user
 Supporting pre-encryption and real-time
encryption
 Low-cost solution
 Integrating professional DRM products

29
Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 System Structure

Chapter 3 Core Devices

Chapter 4 Service Process

Chapter 5 Content Protection

Chapter 6 Bearer Network

30
 Core Network
Core Network

BAS DSLAM
Multicast RTU
stream STB

Support multicast (PIM protocol) and guarantee QOS of video stream.

31
 Access Network
Access
Network

BAS
DSLAM
RTU STB

Multicast
stream

 BAS device requirements:

 Supporting PPPoE+
 Supporting user priority tag and scheduling
 Supporting PPPoE and DHCP access modes
 Supporting DHCP Option82 and Option60
 Supporting IGMP and PIM and multicast replication
 The DSLAM supports IGMP and IGMP SNOOPING/PROXY, and implements controllable
multicast.
32
 BAS Multicast Replication Scheme
Multicast source
Principle: As the multicast service contr
ol/replication device, the BAS replicates
multicast packets to a single user connec
tion (such as the VLAN and PPPoE sessi
on) according to user multicast rights.
Advantage: No multicast requirement for
layer 2 device under the BAS, and easy f
Multicast distribution
or fast launching of multicast service
network
Disadvantage: As the BAS is in a high p
osition and has a lot of users, a great am
ount of BAS port bandwidth and forwardi
ng capability will be occupied when multi BAS (MA5200G)
cast packets are converted into unicast p Layer 2
ackets. multicast
Applicable to:
DSLAM L2
1) the early phase of multicast service in
which there are only few users and chan
nels
2) small-scale networks

Multicast Multicast Multicast

user user user

33
Multicast Replication Scheme of Convergence Switch
Multicast source
Principle: A convergence switch replicate
s multicast packets to a single user conne
ction such as VLAN.
Advantage: No multicast requirement for
the DSLAM/layer 2 device under the conv
ergence switch, and easy for fast launchin
g of multicast service
Disadvantage: As the convergence switc Multicast distribution
h is in a high position and has a lot of user network
s, a great amount of port bandwidth and f
orwarding capability will be occupied whe
n multicast packets are converted into uni
cast packets. Convergence switch
Application to: Layer 2
1) the early phase of multicast service in multicast
DSLAM L2
which there are only few users and chann
els
2) small-scale networks
3) scenarios in which the users are assign
ed static IP address or assigned addresse
s dynamically through DHCP, and directly Multicast Multicast Multicast
connect to the upstream convergence swit user user user
ch without being authenticated by the BAS
.

34
 DSLAM/End Switch Replication Scheme
Principle: As a multicast service Multicast source
control device, the DSLAM/L2 device
replicates multicast packets to the
user ports with multicast rights
according to the user multicast rights
delivered by the NMS.
Advantage: Multicast packets are
replicated at locations closest to Multicast distribution
users, so only a small amount of network
network bandwidth is occupied.
Disadvantage: When controllable
multicast is supported, L2 devices are BAS (MA5200G)
required to support IGMP filtering, and
there are high requirements for L2 Layer 2
devices. multicast
Applicable to: : DSLAM L2
1) scenarios where there are a lot of IGMP filtering
users and channels
2) new networks or large networks
3) late phase of IPTV service
development on a large scale
Multicast Multicast Multicast
user user user

35
 Why BAS Multicast Control Is Not Recommended
Multicast rights control table
IP MAN
User/Port Channel
Pheonix
port1 Pheonix TV TV Video source

IGMP Join BAS multicast rights

Pheonix TV control: discard IGMP
Multicast forwarding table (Pheonix TV )
packet of TV3
Channel Port IGMP
Port 1 , 3 Snooping DSLAM
Pheonix TV

IGMP Join Port 1 Port 3 IGMP Join

(Pheonix TV ) (Pheonix TV)

Pheonix TV
Pheonix TV

TV1 (Pheonix TV) TV3 (illegal user)

BAS working as a multicast control point: at a too high position, unable to prevent illegal users
1. Without subscription, illegal users can freely enjoy the video services in use (but cannot enjoy after the
channel is changed).
2. Installing extensions without permission cannot be prevented.

36
 DSLAM Multicast Control Replication
Data IP MAN/VDN
ATM Video source
Video BAS/edge
network router

Internet access
155M ATM Video Internet FE/GE
FE/GE FE/GE
stream access Video
stream IP DSLAM works as
MA5100/ MA5100/ MA5100/ a replication point
MA5300/ MA5300/ MA5300/
MA5600 MA5600
MA5600

1. The BAS/edge router pushes video streams to the DSLAM, and the DSLAM works as a replication point to replicate
multicast streams to users.
2. The DSLAM processes IGMP packets and provides controllable multicast to finely control the rights of each user
and each channel.
3. By adding EVM board, the MA5100 ATM DSLAM in the existing network is connected to the MAN/VDN to provide
video service.
4. The IP DSLAM is directly connected to the MAN/VDN to provide video service, and provide Internet access and
video service on the uplink at the same time, or it provides Internet access service and video service separately
through multiple uplink FE/GE interfaces.
37
 DSLAM Multicast Control Replication
IP MAN

Multicast rights control table

Video source
Maxim Sports
P Pheonix TV Multicast forwarding table
Us um channel
Channel or Chan Port
er chann
t nel
el SmartAX Port 1

Pheonix Pheoni Port 2

TV TV IGMP Join Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 x TV
1 1
1 Sports c (Pheonix TV) IGMP Join
IGMP Join IGMP Join Sports
(Pheonix TV)
hannel
(Sports channel) Sports
Pheonix TV (Sports
channel chann
TV Sports channel)
el
2 1
(Sports
2 channel
channel)
TV1 (Pheonix TV) TV2 (Sports TV3 (illegal user)
channel)
Extension
DSLAM working as a multicast control point: can prevent illegal users
1. Prevent illegal sharing: finely control multicast rights of each port and each channel based on ports and
IP/MAC addresses.
2. Prevent installation of extensions without permission: control the number of channels that can be
watched simultaneously based on ports and IP/MAC addresses.
38
 QoS Policy
To raise the channel change speed, operators can directly pus
h some channels to the DSLAM other than send them to the D
SLAM according to user IGMP requests. In this mode, the DSL
AM implements IGMP Station Join service, and sends IGMP Jo
in packets upwards to join some multicast groups statically in
advance, instead of joining the multicast groups dynamically
according to IGMP requests of user terminals.

Besides, for networking in which multicast streams are direct

ly pushed to the DSLAM, the DSLAM does not need to implem
ent the IGMP Client function upwards, and can be used as the
IGMP querier instead.

39
 Live TV QOS
 Each DSL user has only one STB, and the DSLAM
implements the IGMP Quick Leave service.
 If there are multiple terminals in a family netwo
rk and two terminals request the same channel,
when one terminal changes the channel, the pro
gram stream of the other one will stop. This pro
blem can be solved by implementation of IGMP
Proxy through the xDSL MODEM/RG at the famil
y network egress.

40
 VOD QOS
VOD CAC+BOD/QOD option1
3.2、Via SOAP, RM 3.1、RM query the user’s
request the AMS to physical location from AMS
adjust user’s profile. via SOAP if necessary.

5、RM query and reserve

the resource and grant or
AMS（Radius) reject the user’s request.
RM
S OAP
4、AMS adjust user’s profile
2、Middleware such as bandwidth and
request resource priority via Radius COA
from RM via SOAP S OAP
Radius COA
BRAS TV
IPTV Middlewa re DS L AM S TB

5、Middleware grant or reject 1、STB request a

the VOD request according to VOD content
Central Server RM’s feedback

E dge Server (VoD)

Due to the high bandwidth requirement of VOD service, the user bandwidth and
QOS parameter may need to be adjusted dynamically when a user requests the
VOD service. In this way, the user attributes on the BRAS can be dynamically
changed through the RADIUS COA, or adjusted by delivering policies to the
BRAS through RM.

41
 VOD QOS
VOD CAC+BOD/QOD option2
3 、 RM query the user ’s
physical location from AMS
via SOAP if necessary.

4 、 RM query and reserve

the resource and grant or
AMS (Radius or DHCP) reject the user ’s request.
RM
SOAP
5 、 RM apply the
2 、 Middleware policy to BRAS via
request resource COPS
COPS
from RM via SOAP SOAP

BRAS TV
DSLAM STB
IPTV Middleware

6 、 Middleware grant or reject 1 、 STB request a

the VOD request according to VOD content
Central Server RM ’s feedback

Edge Server ( VoD )

When a user requests VOD contents, the network bandwidth will be queried
through the RM. If the bandwidth is sufficient, the RM will accept the request
and reserve some bandwidth for the user.
42