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    Rocks Forming Minerals Using Their Physical and Chemical Properties

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    Bea Lha Zandra Besinga
    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of minerals used to identify common rock-forming minerals. It outlines several physical properties including color, streak, hardness, cleavage, crystalline structure, and luster that can be used to identify minerals. It also describes various chemical properties including silicate, carbonate, sulfate, and oxide classes that minerals can be categorized into. The goal is to teach students to identify minerals using physical and chemical analyses based on properties like hardness, crystalline structure, and chemical composition.

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    Rocks Forming Minerals Using Their Physical and Chemical Properties

    Uploaded by

    Bea Lha Zandra Besinga
    6K views16 pages
    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of minerals used to identify common rock-forming minerals. It outlines several physical properties including color, streak, hardness, cleavage, crystalline structure, and luster that can be used to identify minerals. It also describes various chemical properties including silicate, carbonate, sulfate, and oxide classes that minerals can be categorized into. The goal is to teach students to identify minerals using physical and chemical analyses based on properties like hardness, crystalline structure, and chemical composition.

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    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of minerals used to identify common rock-forming minerals. It outlines several physical properties including color, streak, hardness, cleavage, crystalline structure, and luster that can be used to identify minerals. It also describes various chemical properties including silicate, carbonate, sulfate, and oxide classes that minerals can be categorized into. The goal is to teach students to identify minerals using physical and chemical analyses based on properties like hardness, crystalline structure, and chemical composition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6K views16 pages

    Rocks Forming Minerals Using Their Physical and Chemical Properties

    Uploaded by

    Bea Lha Zandra Besinga
    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of minerals used to identify common rock-forming minerals. It outlines several physical properties including color, streak, hardness, cleavage, crystalline structure, and luster that can be used to identify minerals. It also describes various chemical properties including silicate, carbonate, sulfate, and oxide classes that minerals can be categorized into. The goal is to teach students to identify minerals using physical and chemical analyses based on properties like hardness, crystalline structure, and chemical composition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    ROCKS

    FORMING
    MINERALS
    USING THEIR
    PHYSICAL AND
    CHEMICAL
    PROPERTIES
    OBJECTIVES:
    1.) IDENTIFY COMMON ROCK
    FORMING MINERALS USING THEIR
    PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
    PROPERTIES.
    S11/12ES-Ia-9
    LEARNING OUTCOMES:
    1.) I CAN IDEMTIFY THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    OF MINERALS

    2.) I CAN IDENTIFY THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES


    OF MINERALS

    3.) I CAN IDENTIFY SOME MINERALS AND THEIR


    USES.
    Rocks are composed of minerals.There are
    almost 5000 known mineral species, yet the
    vast majority of rocks are formed from
    combinations of a few common minerals,
    referred to as “rock-forming minerals”. The
    rock-forming minerals are: feldspars, quartz,
    amphiboles, micas, pyroxenes.
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
    1. COLOR MINERALS:
    2. STREAK
    3. HARDNESS
    4. CLEAVAGE AND FRACTURE
    5. CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE
    6. TRANSPARENCY
    7. MAGNETISM
    8. TENACITY
    9. LUSTER
    10.ODOR SPECIFIC GRAVITY
    1.)COLOR – USED TO IDENTIFY
    MINERALS EASILY. IT IS THE RESULT
    OF THE WAY MINERALS ABSORB
    LIGHT.
    2.)STREAK – IS THE
    COLOR OF THE
    MINERALS IN POWDER
    FORM.

    3.) HARDNESS-
    MEASURE OF THE
    MINERALS RESISTANCE
    TO SCRATCHING.
    4.) CLEAVAGE AND
    FRACTURES- USED TO
    DESCRIBE HOW
    MINERALS BREAK
    INTO PIECES.

    5.)CRYSTALLINE
    STRUCTURE- TELLS
    HOW A MINERAL’S
    CRYSTALS ARE
    ARRANGE.
    6.) TRANSPARENY-
    Diaphaneity is a mineral’s
    degree of transparency or
    ability to allow light to pass
    through it. The degree of
    transparency may also
    depend on the thickness of
    the mineral.

    7.)TENACITY-Tenacity is the
    characteristic that describes
    how the particles of a mineral
    hold together or resist
    separation
    8.) MAGNETISM-Magnetism is the characteristic that
    allows a mineral to attract or repel other magnetic
    materials

    9.)LUSTER - Luster is the property of minerals that


    indicates how much the surface of a mineral reflects

    10.)ODOR-Most minerals have no odor unless they


    are acted upon in one of the following ways:
    moistened, heated, breathed upon, or rubbed.

    11.)SPECIFIC GRAVITY-Specific Gravity of a mineral


    is a comparison or ratio of the weight of the mineral to
    the weight of an equal amount of water.
    CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF
    MINERALS:
    1. SILICATE CLASS
    2. CARBONATE CLASS
    3. SULPHATE CLASS
    4. HALIDE CLASS
    5. OXIDE CLASS
    6. SULPHIDE CLASS
    7. PHOSPHATE CLASS
    8. NATIVE ELEMNT CLASS
    1.)SILICATE CLASS- LARGEST AND MOST
    ABUNDANT GROUP.

    2.)CARBONATE CLASS- MOSTLY FOUND IN


    MARINE ENVIRONMENTS.

    3.)SULPHATE CLASS- FORMS WITH AREAS


    WITH HIGH EVAPORATION RATES.

    4.)HALIDE CLASS- CONTAINS NATURAL


    SALTS LIKE FLOURITE,HARITEE,SYLVITE AND
    SAL AMMONIAC COMPONENTS.
    5.)OXIDE CLASS- . he Oxide Class of minerals is
    a rather diverse class. It includes minerals that
    are quite hard (corundum) and some that are
    quite soft such as psilomelane

    6.) SULPHIDE CLASS- The Sulfide


    Class minerals comprise an economically
    important class of minerals. Most major ores of
    important metals such as copper, lead and silver
    are sulfides. Strong generalities exist in this class

    7.)PHOSPHATE LASS –CONTAINS MINERALS


    WITH PHOSPHORUS.CONSIDERED AS
    IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL MINERAL FOUND
    IN TEETH AND BONES IN MANY ANIMALS.
    8.) NATIVE ELEMENT CLASS –
    CONTAINS METALS, INTERMETALLI
    METALS, SEMI METALS,
    NONMETALS OR NATURAL
    ALLOYSAND CONSTITUENTS OF A
    FEW RARE METEORITES.
    AFTER THIS
    • Hardness is a measure of how resistant a mineral is
    to scratching. This physical property is controlled by
    the chemical composition and structure of the
    mineral. Hardness is commonly measured on the
    Mohs scale. This is defined by ten minerals, where
    each mineral can scratch those with a lower scale
    number. Diamond (hardness 10) can scratch
    everything below it on the Mohs scale, but cannot
    itself be scratched, whereas quartz (hardness 5)
    can scratch calcite (hardness 3) but not corundum
    (hardness 9).

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