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    HVAC

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    ullas
    This document discusses factors that impact HVAC system efficiency, including: 1) Key HVAC components such as condensers, air handlers, ducts, and their functions. 2) Metrics for air conditioner efficiency including SEER ratings and how higher SEER units reduce costs. 3) Common heating system types like electric strips, heat pumps, and gas furnaces along with their relative efficiencies. 4) How duct leakage and poor duct design can significantly lower a system's efficiency.

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    HVAC

    Uploaded by

    ullas
    41 views21 pages
    This document discusses factors that impact HVAC system efficiency, including: 1) Key HVAC components such as condensers, air handlers, ducts, and their functions. 2) Metrics for air conditioner efficiency including SEER ratings and how higher SEER units reduce costs. 3) Common heating system types like electric strips, heat pumps, and gas furnaces along with their relative efficiencies. 4) How duct leakage and poor duct design can significantly lower a system's efficiency.

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    This document discusses factors that impact HVAC system efficiency, including: 1) Key HVAC components such as condensers, air handlers, ducts, and their functions. 2) Metrics for air conditioner efficiency including SEER ratings and how higher SEER units reduce costs. 3) Common heating system types like electric strips, heat pumps, and gas furnaces along with their relative efficiencies. 4) How duct leakage and poor duct design can significantly lower a system's efficiency.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    41 views21 pages

    HVAC

    Uploaded by

    ullas
    This document discusses factors that impact HVAC system efficiency, including: 1) Key HVAC components such as condensers, air handlers, ducts, and their functions. 2) Metrics for air conditioner efficiency including SEER ratings and how higher SEER units reduce costs. 3) Common heating system types like electric strips, heat pumps, and gas furnaces along with their relative efficiencies. 4) How duct leakage and poor duct design can significantly lower a system's efficiency.

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    Building Performance Matters

    HVAC Equipment
    Efficiency Overview
    HVAC Components
    HVAC Components: Condenser

    1 Expansion
    valve
    2 Fan
    3 Compressor
    4 Heat
    exchange coils
    HVAC Components: Air Handler

    1 Heat exchange coils


    2
    2 Fan

    1
    HVAC Components: Duct System
    HVAC Components: Duct System

    Supply Ducts

    Supply
    Plenu
    m
    Air Return Grille
    Handler

    Return
    Plenum
    Air Conditioner Efficiencies

    S easonal
    E nergy
    E fficiency
    R atio

    Minimum SEER =
    10 Btu’s/Whr for central
    home systems
    Air Conditioner Efficiencies

    SEERs range from 10 to


    over 18 for very efficient
    AC units.

    Going from SEER 10 to


    SEER 14 for example, will
    reduce cooling energy
    costs by about 30%.
    Common Heating System Types

    • Electric Strip

    • Heat pump

    • Gas Furnace
    Common Heating System Types

    • Electric Strip

    • Uses either baseboard


    or air handler mounted
    electric resistance strips
    • Low installation cost
    but least efficient
    option.
    Common Heating System Types

    • Electric Strip

    • Heat pump
    • Air conditioner
    refrigeration cycle in
    reverse (heats home
    instead of cooling it).
    • Cost effective vs.
    electric strip in all regions
    except very warm.
    Common Heating System Types

    • Electric Strip

    • Heat pump

    • Gas Furnace

    • Burns natural gas or


    liquid propane
    • Similar efficiency to heat
    pumps
    Duct Leakage
    Duct Leakage
    Duct Leakage

    Cooling System w/ Supply Leaks


    Effective System EER
    10
    9
    S y s te m E E R

    8
    7
    6
    5
    4
    3
    2
    Source:Contracting Business Apr94,
    1 Solving Leakage & Returnby
    Problems
    0
    0 5 10 15 20 25 30
    Percent Leak

    Replaced Air = Outside


    Replaced Air = Attic
    Duct Leakage

    HVAC-induced infiltration

    Infiltration rates - Florida Duct Study 1990


    80
    70
    60
    Number of
    houses

    50
    40 Fan off Fan on
    30
    20
    10
    0
    <0.25 0.25- 0.5- 0.75- 1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 >2.0
    0.5 0.75 1.0
    air change rate
    Duct Leakage
    Duct Leakage Research 1990

     Florida
     50 all electric homes
     13% total building
    leakage in duct
    system
     17% savings
     $200 cost
    Door Closure

    Closing interior doors when AHU fan on


    1.2 1.15
    House air changes per hour (ach)

    1 0.94
    0.8
    0.62
    0.6
    0.42
    0.4
    0.2 0.16

    fan off fan on


    Duct Design Problems

     Utility room door that swings to the


    return grill.
     When the system turns on, the door is
    pulled to the grill, blocking air flow.
    Summary

    HVAC efficiency includes:

    • Selecting efficient air conditioning


    based on your climate.

    • Selecting the proper type of and


    efficiency heating system for your
    climate

    • Designing and sealing air distribution


    systems properly.

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