Physical Fitness

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PHYSICAL FITNESS

It is a condition in
which an
individual has
enough energy to
avoid fatigue and
HEALTH-RELATED
COMPONENTS:
 1. Aerobic Capacity – is
the ability of the heart,
lungs, and blood vessels to
supply oxygen and nutrients
to the working muscles.
 Activity Test: Running or
jogging
 2. Muscular Strength – is
the ability of the muscle to
generate the greatest force.
One repetition maximum is
the heaviest load that can
be lifted in one repetition.
 Activity Test: Weight Lifting
 3. Muscular Endurance – is
the ability of the muscle to
resist fatigue when performing
multiple repetitions of a
submaximal load. It can also
refer to the period of time in
which a muscle is able to hold a
contraction.
 Activity Test: Curl-up & Push-up
 4. Flexibility – is the
ability to move a joint
without pain over its entire
range of motion.
 Activity Test: Sit and Reach
and Zipper Test
 Body Composition –
refers to the total make up
of the body: the lean body
mass and the body fat.
 Activity Test: Waist
Circumference
Importance of an
Active Lifestyle
 Physical activity or
exercise was proven to
improve overall health
and fitness. As such, it:
 Improves bone, joint and
muscle strength
 Develops motor control
and coordination
 Helps maintain a healthy
body composition
 Improves the psychological
functioning of a person
 Increases the efficiency of
the lungs and the heart
 Increases muscle strength
and endurance
 Protects from
musculoskeletal problems
such “low” back pain
 Possibly delays the aging
process
 Reduces the risk of
cardiovascular diseases such
as coronary artery disease
and stroke
 Promotes healthy cholesterol
level
 Decreases risk of Type 2
diabetes
 Reduces the risk of breast
and colon cancer
What type of exercises can be
performed to derive these health
benefits?
 Exercises are repetitive
movements that aim to
improve one or more
components of fitness. It is
generally classified as:
1. Aerobic Exercises
 It involves large muscle
groups (e.g. thighs) that
perform rhythmic and
continuous movement for a
prolonged period of time in
order to improve aerobic
capacity.
 Examples: swimming , biking,
jogging, dancing, hiking
2. Resistance Exercises
 It require the muscles to
contract against an
external load (e.g. barbell)
in order to improve
muscular strength,
muscular endurance and
bone strength.
3. Stretching Exercises
 It increases the elasticity
of muscles and tendons
surrounding the joint in
order to improve flexibility.
 Example: Static
Stretching, dynamic
stretching

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