Physical Fitness
Physical Fitness
Physical Fitness
It is a condition in
which an
individual has
enough energy to
avoid fatigue and
HEALTH-RELATED
COMPONENTS:
1. Aerobic Capacity – is
the ability of the heart,
lungs, and blood vessels to
supply oxygen and nutrients
to the working muscles.
Activity Test: Running or
jogging
2. Muscular Strength – is
the ability of the muscle to
generate the greatest force.
One repetition maximum is
the heaviest load that can
be lifted in one repetition.
Activity Test: Weight Lifting
3. Muscular Endurance – is
the ability of the muscle to
resist fatigue when performing
multiple repetitions of a
submaximal load. It can also
refer to the period of time in
which a muscle is able to hold a
contraction.
Activity Test: Curl-up & Push-up
4. Flexibility – is the
ability to move a joint
without pain over its entire
range of motion.
Activity Test: Sit and Reach
and Zipper Test
Body Composition –
refers to the total make up
of the body: the lean body
mass and the body fat.
Activity Test: Waist
Circumference
Importance of an
Active Lifestyle
Physical activity or
exercise was proven to
improve overall health
and fitness. As such, it:
Improves bone, joint and
muscle strength
Develops motor control
and coordination
Helps maintain a healthy
body composition
Improves the psychological
functioning of a person
Increases the efficiency of
the lungs and the heart
Increases muscle strength
and endurance
Protects from
musculoskeletal problems
such “low” back pain
Possibly delays the aging
process
Reduces the risk of
cardiovascular diseases such
as coronary artery disease
and stroke
Promotes healthy cholesterol
level
Decreases risk of Type 2
diabetes
Reduces the risk of breast
and colon cancer
What type of exercises can be
performed to derive these health
benefits?
Exercises are repetitive
movements that aim to
improve one or more
components of fitness. It is
generally classified as:
1. Aerobic Exercises
It involves large muscle
groups (e.g. thighs) that
perform rhythmic and
continuous movement for a
prolonged period of time in
order to improve aerobic
capacity.
Examples: swimming , biking,
jogging, dancing, hiking
2. Resistance Exercises
It require the muscles to
contract against an
external load (e.g. barbell)
in order to improve
muscular strength,
muscular endurance and
bone strength.
3. Stretching Exercises
It increases the elasticity
of muscles and tendons
surrounding the joint in
order to improve flexibility.
Example: Static
Stretching, dynamic
stretching