Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 78 views

    Taxation and Agrarian Reform

    Uploaded by

    Chelsweet
    This document provides an introduction to taxation and fiscal policy in the Philippines. It defines taxes and tariffs as key sources of government revenue. Taxes are duties imposed on households and businesses, while tariffs are charges on imported and exported goods. These revenues allow the government to fund expenses and public services. The main goals of taxation and tariffs are to achieve sustainable economic growth. Fiscal policy involves setting tax and tariff levels to balance this goal with the government's changing revenue needs. The document outlines principles of taxation including ability to pay and fiscal adequacy. It also discusses trade policy, import/export management, agrarian reform programs, and common taxes in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Taxation and Agrarian Reform

    Uploaded by

    Chelsweet
    78 views19 pages
    This document provides an introduction to taxation and fiscal policy in the Philippines. It defines taxes and tariffs as key sources of government revenue. Taxes are duties imposed on households and businesses, while tariffs are charges on imported and exported goods. These revenues allow the government to fund expenses and public services. The main goals of taxation and tariffs are to achieve sustainable economic growth. Fiscal policy involves setting tax and tariff levels to balance this goal with the government's changing revenue needs. The document outlines principles of taxation including ability to pay and fiscal adequacy. It also discusses trade policy, import/export management, agrarian reform programs, and common taxes in the Philippines.

    Original Description:

    taxation

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides an introduction to taxation and fiscal policy in the Philippines. It defines taxes and tariffs as key sources of government revenue. Taxes are duties imposed on households and businesses, while tariffs are charges on imported and exported goods. These revenues allow the government to fund expenses and public services. The main goals of taxation and tariffs are to achieve sustainable economic growth. Fiscal policy involves setting tax and tariff levels to balance this goal with the government's changing revenue needs. The document outlines principles of taxation including ability to pay and fiscal adequacy. It also discusses trade policy, import/export management, agrarian reform programs, and common taxes in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    78 views19 pages

    Taxation and Agrarian Reform

    Uploaded by

    Chelsweet
    This document provides an introduction to taxation and fiscal policy in the Philippines. It defines taxes and tariffs as key sources of government revenue. Taxes are duties imposed on households and businesses, while tariffs are charges on imported and exported goods. These revenues allow the government to fund expenses and public services. The main goals of taxation and tariffs are to achieve sustainable economic growth. Fiscal policy involves setting tax and tariff levels to balance this goal with the government's changing revenue needs. The document outlines principles of taxation including ability to pay and fiscal adequacy. It also discusses trade policy, import/export management, agrarian reform programs, and common taxes in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 19

    INTRODUCTION TO

    TAXATION

    “TAXES, TARIFFS AND THEIR


    IMPORTANCE”
    REVENUE

    •Inflow Taxes and


    Tariffs for the
    government.
    •Government’s
    income
    TAXES

    •Duties imposed by the


    government on households
    and businesses.
    •Bureau of Internal Revenue
    (BIR)- Philippine Government
    Agency in charge for tax
    collection.
    TARIFFS

    •Taxes charged in either


    imported or exported goods.
    •Bureau of Customs- Phil.
    govt. agency in charge for
    tariff collection.
    •Kinds of Tariffs:
    •Protection Tariff- barriers to
    trade
    •Revenue Tariff- govt. income
    MAIN GOAL OF TAXES AND TARIFFS

    •To achieve
    sustainable
    growth
    FISCAL POLICY

    • Policy on taxes and tariffs.


    • Aimed to achieve ideal level of
    taxes and tariffs for
    sustainable growth.
    • Tightening or loosening policies
    on taxation and tariff collection
    must respond to the
    government’s needs for
    revenues.
    CHARACTERISTICS OF FISCAL POLICY

    • TIGHT FISCAL POLICY- The


    government levies more taxes
    and tariffs.
    • LOOSE FISCAL POLICY- The
    government lowers taxes and
    tariffs.
    TRADE POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION

    GLOBALIZATION- The
    integration of national
    economies into the
    international economy
    trough trade, foreign direct
    investment, capital flows,
    migration, and technology.
    MANAGING IMPORTS AND EXPORTS

    IMPORTS- Foreign products


    sold in the Philippines
    EXPORTS- Filipino products
    sold in other countries
    MANAGING IMPORTS AND EXPORTS

    NOTE: It is not suitable for a


    country to rely on imports
    much so it is important to
    carefully select what to be
    imported.
    MANAGING IMPORTS AND EXPORTS

    FILIPINO FIRST POLICY


    Former President CARLOS P. GARCIA
    - Filipino’s will patronize and choose
    Filipino products first over those
    foreign made. This protected
    Filipino products from foreign
    competition.
    - FALLBACK: Many viewed this as
    detrimental to development
    NATURE OF TAXATION

    •The basic concept


    and character of
    taxation.
    •TAXATION- a state
    power exercised
    trough the legislative
    body.
    PRINCIPLE OF TAXATION

    •Taxes Are collected to


    support the government in
    it’s expenses and services
    for public welfare.
    -The reciprocal duties of
    protection between the state
    and citizens.
    CANONS OF TAXATION
    •BASIC PRINCIPLES OF A SOUND TAX SYSTEM:
    1. FISCAL ADEQUACY- Taxes collected
    by the BIR must be sufficient to fund
    the necessary government expenditures
    and basic services in a fiscal year.
    2. ADMINISTRATIVE FEASIBILITY-
    Payment of taxes must be taxpayer-
    friendly.
    3. THEORETICAL JUSTICE- The ability to
    pay principle. A tax burden must be
    proportionate to taxpayers income.
    OBJECTS OF TAXATION
    • TAXABLE ENTETIES- Those who bear
    the burden of taxation.
    1. Individual who earn considerable amount
    of money.
    2. Tangible and intangible properties
    *Personal Properties- Properties that can
    be moved
    • Real property- properties that cannot be
    moved
    • Tangible properties- properties that can
    be seen
    • Intangible properties- Properties that
    are unseen
    COMMON TAXES

    • Income tax
    • Real property tax
    • Personal property tax
    • Business and
    occupation Taxes
    AGRARIAN REFORM
    1. LAND REFORM- Measure undertaken to
    improve the relationship of tillers and
    landowners with respect to their rights
    in the land they are tilting and nurturing.
    2. AGRARIAN REFORM- Changes in land
    ownership, and agrarian systems and
    processes.
    - Development program for the advancement
    of landless beneficiaries
    AGRARIAN REFORM
    COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM
    PROGRAM (CARP)- Program of
    President Cory Aquino initiated trough
    the
    Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)
    R.A 6657
    Signed: June 10, 1988
    Took Effect: June 15, 1988
    • Landowners should own land up to five
    hectares only
    • Owners of huge land sold their lands to
    the govt. Govt. paid landowners and
    govt. gave land to landless to be paid in
    installment for 15 years.
    Thank You…

    You might also like