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    Organelles Structure Function

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    erikabeltran
    This document summarizes the structure and function of various cell organelles. It describes the phospholipid bilayer structure and role in transport of the cell membrane. It notes that the nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell, the nucleolus makes ribosomes, and ribosomes link amino acids to make proteins. Other organelles described include the endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, plastids, mitochondria, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, flagella, and cilia.

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    Organelles Structure Function

    Uploaded by

    erikabeltran
    35 views24 pages
    This document summarizes the structure and function of various cell organelles. It describes the phospholipid bilayer structure and role in transport of the cell membrane. It notes that the nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell, the nucleolus makes ribosomes, and ribosomes link amino acids to make proteins. Other organelles described include the endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, plastids, mitochondria, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, flagella, and cilia.

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    Organelles structure function

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    Organelles structure function

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    This document summarizes the structure and function of various cell organelles. It describes the phospholipid bilayer structure and role in transport of the cell membrane. It notes that the nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell, the nucleolus makes ribosomes, and ribosomes link amino acids to make proteins. Other organelles described include the endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, plastids, mitochondria, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, flagella, and cilia.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    35 views24 pages

    Organelles Structure Function

    Uploaded by

    erikabeltran
    This document summarizes the structure and function of various cell organelles. It describes the phospholipid bilayer structure and role in transport of the cell membrane. It notes that the nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell, the nucleolus makes ribosomes, and ribosomes link amino acids to make proteins. Other organelles described include the endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, plastids, mitochondria, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, flagella, and cilia.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 24

    Organelles: Structure & Function

    Organelles: Structure & Function


    Cell/Plasma Membrane
    Function: Controls what enters & exits the
    cell.

    Structure: Phospholipid bilayer


    Nucleus
    Function: Controls everything in the cell

    Structure: Contains DNA/chromosomes


    Enclosed by a porous double membrane called
    the nuclear membrane.
    Nucleolus
    Function: Takes RNA and makes ribosomes

    Structure: Dense region inside the nucleus


    Ribosomes
    Function: Links together amino acids to make
    proteins (that means enzymes too!)

    Structure: Tiny organelles made of proteins &


    RNA. Found on Rough ER
    Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

    Function: Transport, "intracellular highway“.


    Site of protein synthesis; makes more ER
    Structure: Thin folded membranes that are
    connected together.
    HAS ribosomes
    Vesicle
    Membrane-bound containers that carry
    substances throughout the cell
    Golgi
    Apparatus/Body/Complex
    Function: Checks, modifies & packages proteins

    Structure: Closely layered stacks of membrane


    enclosed discs
    Lysosome

    Function: Breaks down food, waste &


    damaged cell parts all within the cell

    Structure: Contains enzymes; membrane bound


    Peroxisome
    Function: Protects cell from toxins, especially
    H2O2.

    Structure: Contains enzymes; membrane bound


    Vacuole
    Function: stores materials for cell

    Structure: fluid filled sacs; small in animal


    cells; large in plant cells
    Plastids
    Function: Storage sacs in plant cells only!

    Structure: 3 different types


    Plastids
    1.Leucoplast – stores starch in roots & stems
    2.Chromoplast – stores the orange/yellow pigment
    3.Chloroplast- stores the green pigment/ site of
    photosynthesis
    Chloroplast
    Function: Uses sunlight to create food,
    photosynthesis (only found in green plants & algae)

    Structure: 3 membranes; bean shaped; contains


    chlorophyll (green pigment)
    Mitochondria
    Function: Supplies energy to the cell; site of
    cellular respiration; ‘powerhouse’ of cell

    Structure: Bean shaped; 2 membranes; has own


    DNA & ribosomes
    Chloroplast & Mitochondria
    Both have: more than 1 membrane
    ‘Powerhouse’ of their cells
    Contain their own DNA
    Reproduce independently of the cell
    Were they once free-living prokaryotic cells?!
    Cytoplasm/Cytosol
    Function: Hold organelles in place & site for
    chemical reactions

    Structure: Jelly – like substance between the


    area of the nucleus & cell membrane
    Cytoskeleton
    Function: Supports & shapes the cell

    Structure: A network of protein filaments


    (microtubules, microfilaments)
    Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
    Function: Transport, "intracellular highway“.
    Also makes lipids; breaks down toxins such as
    drugs/alcohol
    Structure: Thin folded membranes
    that are connected together.
    No ribosomes
    Centrosome/Centrioles
    Function: Helps the cell divide

    Structure: Small region of cytoplasm, made up


    of microtubules; pair of centrioles
    Flagellum (flagella = plural)
    Tail used for movement
    Cilium (cilia = plural)
    Tiny hair-like projections on cell exterior used
    For movement and gathering food

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