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    Prepositions are words that indicate spatial or temporal relationships between other words in a sentence. There are three main types of prepositions: (1) time prepositions like at, on, in which indicate when something occurred; (2) place prepositions like on, at, in which indicate physical location; and (3) direction prepositions like to, through, across which indicate movement between locations. Proper use of prepositions is important for clear communication.

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    Prepositions are words that indicate spatial or temporal relationships between other words in a sentence. There are three main types of prepositions: (1) time prepositions like at, on, in which indicate when something occurred; (2) place prepositions like on, at, in which indicate physical location; and (3) direction prepositions like to, through, across which indicate movement between locations. Proper use of prepositions is important for clear communication.

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    Prepositions are words that indicate spatial or temporal relationships between other words in a sentence. There are three main types of prepositions: (1) time prepositions like at, on, in which indicate when something occurred; (2) place prepositions like on, at, in which indicate physical location; and (3) direction prepositions like to, through, across which indicate movement between locations. Proper use of prepositions is important for clear communication.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    226 views19 pages

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    Uploaded by

    Illona Sahara
    Prepositions are words that indicate spatial or temporal relationships between other words in a sentence. There are three main types of prepositions: (1) time prepositions like at, on, in which indicate when something occurred; (2) place prepositions like on, at, in which indicate physical location; and (3) direction prepositions like to, through, across which indicate movement between locations. Proper use of prepositions is important for clear communication.

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    Prepositions and

    Objects of Prepositions
    What are prepositions?
    • Prepositions are words which begin prepositional phrases.
    • A prepositional phrase is a group of words containing a preposition,
    a noun or pronoun object of the preposition, and any modifiers of the
    object.
    • A preposition sits in front of (is “pre-positioned” before) its object.
    about below excepting off toward
    above beneath for on under
    across beside(s) from onto underneath
    after between in out until
    against beyond in front of outside up
    along but inside over upon
    among by in spite of past up to
    around concerning instead of regarding with
    at despite into since within
    because of down like through without
    before during near throughout with regard to
    behind except of to with respect to
    Types of prepositions
    There are three types of prepositions :
    • time prepositions
    • place prepositions
    • direction prepositions
    Prepositions of time
    Basic examples of time prepositions include: at, on, in, before and after.
    They are used to help indicate when something happened, happens or
    will happen.

    For example :
    • I was born two minutes before my twin brother.
    • I was born after the Great War ended.
    There is a set of guidelines that can help decide which preposition to
    use:

    For years, months, seasons, centuries and times of day, use the
    preposition in.
    • I first met John in 1987.
    • It’s always cold in January.

    For days, dates and specific holiday days, use the preposition on.
    • We go to school on Mondays, but not on Sunday.
    • Indonesian independence day is on August 17th
    Before and after should be much easier to understand than the other
    examples of prepositions of time.
    Both are used to explain when something happened, happens or will
    happen, but specifically in relation to another thing.
    • Before I discovered this cafe, I used to go straight home after work.
    • We will not leave before 3pm.
    Other prepositions of time could include: During, about, around, until
    and throughout.
    • The concert will be staged throughout the month of May.
    • I learned how to ski during the holidays.
    • He usually arrives around 3pm.
    • It was about six in the morning when we made it to bed.
    • The store is open until midnight.
    Prepositions of place
    To confuse matters a bit, the most common prepositions to indicate
    time – on, at, in – are also the most common prepositions to indicate
    position.

    For example :
    • The cat is on the table.
    • The dogs are in the kennel.
    • We can meet at the crossroads.
    The guidelines can be broken down as follows:

    On is used when referring to something with a surface.


    • The sculpture hangs on the wall.
    • The images are on the page.

    In is used when referring to something that is inside or within confined


    boundaries.
    • Jim is in France, visiting his aunt in the hospital.
    • The girls play in the garden.
    At is used when referring to something at a specific point.
    • The boys are at the entrance at the movie theater.
    • We will meet at the airport.
    Lot’s of other prepositions of place, such as under, over, inside, outside,
    above and below are used in English.
    (more rigid)

    • The cat is under the table.


    • Put the sandwich over there.
    • The key is locked inside the car.
    • They stepped outside the house.
    • Major is ranked above corporal.
    • He is waving at you from below the stairs.
    Prepositions of Movement
    They describe how something or someone moves from one place to
    another.
    The most commonly used preposition of movement is to.

    For example :
    • I will go to bed when I am tired
    • She went to the bowling alley every Friday last summer.
    Other more specific prepositions of movement include: through,
    across, off, down and into.

    Across refers to moving from one side to another.


    • Mike travelled across America on his motorcycle.

    Through refers to moving directly inside something and out the other
    end.
    • The bullet Ben shot went through the window.
    Into refers to entering or looking inside something.
    • James went into the room.

    Up, over, down, past and around indicate directions of movement


    • Jack went up the hill.
    • Jill came tumbling down after.
    • We will travel over rough terrain on our way to Grandma’s house.
    • The horse runs around the track all morning.
    • A car zoomed past a truck on the highway
    A word that looks like a preposition but is actually part of a verb is
    called a particle.

    • Held up is a verb meaning “to rob.”


    • Therefore, up is not a preposition, and bank is not the object of a
    preposition.
    • Instead, bank is the direct object of the verb held up.
    To avoid confusing prepositions with particles, test by moving the word
    (up) and words following it to the front of the sentence:

    Up the bank four armed men held.

    If the resulting sentence does not make sense, then the word belongs
    with the verb and is a particle, not a preposition.

    Note the difference:


    The resulting sentence makes sense. Therefore, up is a preposition.
    Some other examples of particles:

    give in turn in pull through wore out broke up

    go in for put in for bring up found out blow up

    look up make up look over

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