Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 80 views

    Neolithic (8.500 B.C. - 4.500 B.C.)

    Uploaded by

    api-443568616
    This document summarizes the Neolithic period and the Metal Ages in prehistory. During the Neolithic, agriculture and domesticated animals emerged, leading humans to settle down into villages near rivers. Important inventions included pottery, weaving, and polished stone tools. Population growth led to the rise of social classes and specialized jobs. In the Metal Ages, copper, bronze and iron working developed, improving tools and trade. Villages grew into towns with some fortified by walls. Megalithic monuments like menhirs, cromlechs and dolmens emerged for ceremonial purposes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Neolithic (8.500 B.C. - 4.500 B.C.)

    Uploaded by

    api-443568616
    80 views26 pages
    This document summarizes the Neolithic period and the Metal Ages in prehistory. During the Neolithic, agriculture and domesticated animals emerged, leading humans to settle down into villages near rivers. Important inventions included pottery, weaving, and polished stone tools. Population growth led to the rise of social classes and specialized jobs. In the Metal Ages, copper, bronze and iron working developed, improving tools and trade. Villages grew into towns with some fortified by walls. Megalithic monuments like menhirs, cromlechs and dolmens emerged for ceremonial purposes.

    Original Title

    1

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document summarizes the Neolithic period and the Metal Ages in prehistory. During the Neolithic, agriculture and domesticated animals emerged, leading humans to settle down into villages near rivers. Important inventions included pottery, weaving, and polished stone tools. Population growth led to the rise of social classes and specialized jobs. In the Metal Ages, copper, bronze and iron working developed, improving tools and trade. Villages grew into towns with some fortified by walls. Megalithic monuments like menhirs, cromlechs and dolmens emerged for ceremonial purposes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    80 views26 pages

    Neolithic (8.500 B.C. - 4.500 B.C.)

    Uploaded by

    api-443568616
    This document summarizes the Neolithic period and the Metal Ages in prehistory. During the Neolithic, agriculture and domesticated animals emerged, leading humans to settle down into villages near rivers. Important inventions included pottery, weaving, and polished stone tools. Population growth led to the rise of social classes and specialized jobs. In the Metal Ages, copper, bronze and iron working developed, improving tools and trade. Villages grew into towns with some fortified by walls. Megalithic monuments like menhirs, cromlechs and dolmens emerged for ceremonial purposes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    5. Neolithic (8.500 b.C. – 4.500 b.C.).

    • Neolithic period began with the appearance of agriculture and


    domesticate animals.
    • The way of life of human beings changed completely. They change
    from predators to food producers.
    • This important change began
    in the Fertile Crescent wich is a
    region extending from the rivers
    Tigris and Euphrates up to the Nile.
    • These groups abandoned their nomadic life and became sedentary.

    • As a result, small hamlets and farming settlements appeared. Usually


    they were near rivers because is a fertile area.

    • At first they made their houses with mud, wood and straw and after
    that they used stone and adobe. Over time, some of these
    settlements became cities.
    • The majority of Neolithic tools continued to be made of stone.
    However they began to use a new form of working the stone:
    polishing.
    • The main inventions of this period were pottery made by hand and
    textiles made with looms.
    • Thanks to agriculture, they were able to feed a larger number of
    people so the population increased. The living conditions got better.

    • A number of different jobs also appeared, farmers, herdsmen and


    craftsmen. The population needed leaders to coordinate the jobs.

    • They believed in natural elements. Burials became more common.

    • The most important art form was pottery. They decorated it with
    paints or by making small imprints on the object.
    6. Metal Ages (4.500 b.C. – 1.000 b.C.)
    • Along this period the metallurgy was discovered. We divide the metal
    ages in three stages Copper, Bronze and Iron always looking for
    metals more resistant.
    • First metal was worked in a cold state, by striking it with a hammer.
    Then a forge was used in which the metal was heated in a fire. Finally,
    a foundry was used, which heated the metals until they became liquid
    and put it in moulds.
    • The discovery of metallurgy led to important developments in
    agriculture providing more durable tools.
    • With the metallurgy the trade began. The exchange of products
    between villages.
    • The population of the villages grew and some of them became towns.
    • Some of these cities constructed walls for defensive purposes.
    • New jobs appeared. Some activities were more profitable than
    others so social differences emerge.
    • The main inventions of the period were the wheel, the plough and
    the sail. With the wheel appeared the cart and the potter´s wheel.
    • In this period, the first forms of architecture emerged. These
    are known as megalithic monuments.
    - Menhir: large stones placed vertically in the ground.
    - Cromlech: is formed of a number of menhirs placed in
    a circle.
    - Dolmen: is a chamber made of large standing stones
    with a stone roof.
    • This monuments were used for differents purposes: funerary,
    commemorative, territorial and even astronomical.
    7. Prehistory in Spain.
    • Lower palaeolithic: we can find a lot of remains of hominids. The
    most importants are those of homo antecessor in Atapuerca.
    The homo antecessor belonged to a homo erectus type. They
    were hunters and possibly practised cannibalism.
    • Upper palaeolithic: neanderthalensis and sapiens lived during this
    period. We have important examples of cave painting. Altamira.
    • Neolithic: reached our territory from de Near East via two routes: the
    Mediterranean and North Africa.
    • Copper age: in this period we have the
    Bell Beaker culture and the Millares culture.

    • Bronze age: we can find the Argar culture


    and the Talayotic culture.

    • Iron age: in this moment our territory was


    occupied by Celtic people, Phoenician and
    Greek colonists. They brought different advances, one of them was
    writing.

    You might also like