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    Steam Power Plant

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    satyajit143sonal
    The document provides information about coal-based steam power plants. It describes the general layout which includes coal storage and handling, the boiler, turbine, condenser, and other key components. It then explains the three stage process of converting coal to electricity: 1) Coal is burned in the boiler to produce heat and steam. 2) The high pressure steam powers and rotates a turbine. 3) The turbine spins a generator to produce electricity. It also discusses the types of boilers, stokers used to feed coal into the boiler, and the coal handling system which transports and stores coal for the plant.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Steam Power Plant

    Uploaded by

    satyajit143sonal
    233 views17 pages
    The document provides information about coal-based steam power plants. It describes the general layout which includes coal storage and handling, the boiler, turbine, condenser, and other key components. It then explains the three stage process of converting coal to electricity: 1) Coal is burned in the boiler to produce heat and steam. 2) The high pressure steam powers and rotates a turbine. 3) The turbine spins a generator to produce electricity. It also discusses the types of boilers, stokers used to feed coal into the boiler, and the coal handling system which transports and stores coal for the plant.

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    Steam

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    The document provides information about coal-based steam power plants. It describes the general layout which includes coal storage and handling, the boiler, turbine, condenser, and other key components. It then explains the three stage process of converting coal to electricity: 1) Coal is burned in the boiler to produce heat and steam. 2) The high pressure steam powers and rotates a turbine. 3) The turbine spins a generator to produce electricity. It also discusses the types of boilers, stokers used to feed coal into the boiler, and the coal handling system which transports and stores coal for the plant.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    233 views17 pages

    Steam Power Plant

    Uploaded by

    satyajit143sonal
    The document provides information about coal-based steam power plants. It describes the general layout which includes coal storage and handling, the boiler, turbine, condenser, and other key components. It then explains the three stage process of converting coal to electricity: 1) Coal is burned in the boiler to produce heat and steam. 2) The high pressure steam powers and rotates a turbine. 3) The turbine spins a generator to produce electricity. It also discusses the types of boilers, stokers used to feed coal into the boiler, and the coal handling system which transports and stores coal for the plant.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    STEAM POWER

    PLANT
    General layout of steam power plant
    Schematic diagram of coal based steam power plant

    To chimney

    Coal storage
    Flue gases

    Coal handling Air preheater Air


    plant
    Feed Main Super heated
    To power grid
    water valve Steam
    Economizer

    Ash handling

    Turbine
    Ash storage Boiler Super heater Generator
    plant Flue
    gases

    Steam Condensate
    HP heater extraction pump
    LEGEND
    Boiler feed
    pump
    Condenser
    Coal
    LP heater
    Ash
    Air Circulating
    water pump
    Water
    Cooling tower
    Flue gases
    Steam
    River or Canal
    Cooling water
    How coal power plants produce electricity

    The conversion from coal to electricity takes place in three stages.

    Stage 1

    The first conversion of energy takes place in the boiler. Coal is burnt in the boiler furnace
    to produce heat. Carbon in the coal and Oxygen in the air combine to produce Carbon
    Dioxide and heat.

    Stage 2

    The second stage is the thermodynamic process. The heat from combustion of the coal boils
    water in the boiler to produce steam. In modern power plant, boilers produce steam at a
    high pressure and temperature. The steam is then piped to a turbine. The high pressure
    steam impinges and expands across a number of sets of blades in the turbine. The impulse
    and the thrust created rotates the turbine. The steam is then condensed to water and
    pumped back into the boiler to repeat the cycle.

    Stage 3

    In the third stage, rotation of the turbine rotates the generator rotor to produce electricity
    based of Faraday’s Principle of electromagnetic induction.
    General layout of coal based steam power plant

    The different types of systems and components used in steam power plants
    are:
    • High pressure boiler
    • Prime mover
    • Condensers and cooling towers
    • Coal handling system
    • Ash handling system
    • Draught system
    • Feed water treatment plant
    • Pumping system
    • Air preheater, super heater, feed water heater
    Fuels used for steam generation
    • The primary fuels which are burned to release heat and generate steam
    in boilers are the fossil fuels – coal, fuel oil and natural gas.
    • Besides these, industrial wastes like blast furnace gas, coke oven gas,
    refinery gas, bagasse, saw mill wood dust, rice husk etc. are also
    used to boost primary fossil fuels in the form of combination firing.
    Coal
    • In India, coal is the main source of energy because of its large
    deposits and availability.
    • Coal originates from millions of years old vegetable matter
    transformed by subterranean heat and soil pressure. The vegetable
    decay first produces peat bogs, which after distillation of its moisture
    by subterranean forces hardens to brown coal or lignite. Continuing
    metamorphosis produces higher grade coals.
    Fuels used for steam generation
    Coal (contd..)
    • According to geological order of formation, coal may be of the following types
    with increasing carbon content:
    • Peat
    • Lignite
    • Sub-bituminous
    • Bituminous
    • Sub-anthracite
    • Anthracite
    • Graphite
    • Each type of coal has a certain set of physical parameters which are mostly
    controlled by moisture, volatile content (in terms of aliphatic or aromatic
    hydrocarbons) and carbon content.
    • Peat contains up to 90% moisture and is not attractive as a utility fuel. Coal
    ‘Ranking’ is a measure of carbon content in the coal. Lignite is considered to be
    low rank and anthracite to be high rank.
    TYPES OF BOILER

    1.Water Tube Boiler

    2.Fire Tube Boiler


    Types of stokers
    Chain Grate stokers
    Chain Grate stokers
    Spreader stokers
    • Coal from hopper is fed into the path of a rotor by a conveyor, and is
    thrown into the furnace by the rotor and the coal is burnt in suspension.
    • Spreader stokers can burn any type of coal
    Coal Handling System
    Equipments
    Rail
    Trucks Coal delivery
    Lift trucks
    Ships
    Cranes
    Unloading Unloading towers
    Buckets
    Preparation Crushers
    Mills
    Driers
    Transfer
    Screw Conveyors
    Belt conveyors
    Outdoor storage Bucket conveyors / elevators

    Bins
    Covered storage
    Bunkers

    In-plant handling

    Scales
    Weighing & Measuring
    Coal meters

    Furnace firing
    Coal Handling System

    Screw Conveyor

    Belt Conveyor
    Coal Handling System:

    Bucket Elevator
    ADVANTAGES :
     The fuel used is quite cheap.
     Less initial cost as compared to other generating
    stations.

    DISADVANTAGES:
     It pollutes the atmosphere.
     It is costlier in running cost as compared to
    hydroelectric plant.
    ANY QUESTIONS
    ???

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