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MODELLING OF AUTOMOTIVE FUEL DROPLET HEATING AND
EVAPORATION
Sergei S Sazhin
The Sir Harry Ricardo Laboratories, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics,
University of Brighton, UK
Concept
(Engineering Mathematics)
Modelling of individual processes (numerical or analytical)
Example: modelling of deformation of individual droplets
Strength: allows in-depth analysis and understanding of

underlying physics
Weakness: does not take into account the effects of other

processes in realistic engineering systems
Concept
(Computational Fluid Dynamics)
Modelling of realistic engineering systems (numerical)
Example: modelling of Diesel engines
Strength: takes into account the interaction between

various processes (fluid dynamics, heat/mass transfer etc)
Weakness: too simplistic models for individual processes

are used; difficult to understand the underlying physics
Analysis of realistic engineering systems
requires a combined approach using
the methods of engineering mathematics
and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
MODELS FOR DOPLET HEATING AND EVAPORATION
(Conventional CFD models)
1. The Infinite Thermal Conductivity (ITC) models based on

the energy balance equation of the droplet as a whole were
used.
2. Droplets were assumed to be opaque grey spheres.
3. Droplet radii were assumed to be constant during each

time step.
4. Too complex or too simplistic models for heating and

evaporation of multi-component droplets were used.
5. Kinetic and molecular dynamic effects on droplet

evaporation were ignored
Conduction limit. Effective conductivity
P ( R) R < Rd
= 3 �10 6
a s R q b
d
4
R cl rl
P ( R) R > Rd
=0
where θR is the radiation temperature, Rd is the droplet radius,
a = a 0 + a1q R /10 + a 2 (q R /10 ) ,

3 3 2
b = b 0 + b1q R /103 + b 2 (q R /103 ) 2 ,
θR can be assumed equal to the external temperature Text in the case of
an optically thin gas in the whole domain.
Analytical solution for h=const
Effect of the moving interface
Effect of the moving interface
Analytical solution
Sazhin, S.S., Krutitskii, P.A., Gusev, I.G., Heikal, M. (2010) Transient heating of an evaporating droplet, Int. J Heat Mass
Transfer, 53 (13-14), 2826-2836
Discrete Components Model
Solution to the species diffusion equation
Multi-Dimensional Quasi-Discrete Model
Realistic Diesel fuel

Multi-Dimensional Quasi-Discrete Model
T s, rs T Rd , r Rd
Kinetic Hydrodynamic
region region
jV
q
d Rd x
�
fa �fa
+ ξa = J aa + J ab ,
�t � x
1 2 �
fb �
fb
+ ξb = J ba + J bb ,
�t �x
B
Ashow
oC
R _ T k for
that Ththe same values
 Tof parameters,
 the best approximation for the droplet surface temperature, predicted by the kinetic model, can be achieved usin
 T0  = AT exp  h
 + CT ,
T0  BT T0 
United Atom Model (UAM)
.
A study of the evaporation and condensation of n-alkane clusters and
nanodroplets using quantum chemical methods
Gun'ko, V.M., Nasiri, R., Sazhin, S.S. (2014) A study of the evaporation and condensation of n-
alkane clusters and nanodroplets using quantum chemical methods, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 366
99-107.
20
Oil & Gas Research
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OMICS Journals Are Welcoming Submissions: For More Details Please Visit Our Website

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

OMICS Journals are welcoming Submissions

OMICS International welcomes submissions that

Modelling of individual processes (numerical or analytical)

Example: modelling of deformation of individual droplets

Strength: allows in-depth analysis and understanding of

Weakness: does not take into account the effects of other

Modelling of realistic engineering systems (numerical)

Example: modelling of Diesel engines

Strength: takes into account the interaction between

Weakness: too simplistic models for individual processes

1. The Infinite Thermal Conductivity (ITC) models based on

2. Droplets were assumed to be opaque grey spheres.

3. Droplet radii were assumed to be constant during each

4. Too complex or too simplistic models for heating and

5. Kinetic and molecular dynamic effects on droplet

a = a 0 + a1q R /10 + a 2 (q R /10 ) ,

b = b 0 + b1q R /103 + b 2 (q R /103 ) 2 ,

Realistic Diesel fuel

United Atom Model (UAM)

 Journal of Petroleum & Environmental

 Pollution Effects & Control

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