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    Behaviourism Watson

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    Aimi Zahirah
    - Behaviorism, as defined by John Watson, is the scientific study of observable behaviors without consideration of internal mental states. - Watson rejected concepts like the unconscious and introspection, finding them unscientific. He believed the environment completely shapes a person's behaviors and temperament. - In Little Albert Experiment, an infant was conditioned to fear a white rat and stimuli associated with it through repeated pairing with a startling noise. This supported Watson's behaviorist view of environmental conditioning of emotions.

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    Behaviourism Watson

    Uploaded by

    Aimi Zahirah
    284 views12 pages
    - Behaviorism, as defined by John Watson, is the scientific study of observable behaviors without consideration of internal mental states. - Watson rejected concepts like the unconscious and introspection, finding them unscientific. He believed the environment completely shapes a person's behaviors and temperament. - In Little Albert Experiment, an infant was conditioned to fear a white rat and stimuli associated with it through repeated pairing with a startling noise. This supported Watson's behaviorist view of environmental conditioning of emotions.

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    - Behaviorism, as defined by John Watson, is the scientific study of observable behaviors without consideration of internal mental states. - Watson rejected concepts like the unconscious and introspection, finding them unscientific. He believed the environment completely shapes a person's behaviors and temperament. - In Little Albert Experiment, an infant was conditioned to fear a white rat and stimuli associated with it through repeated pairing with a startling noise. This supported Watson's behaviorist view of environmental conditioning of emotions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    284 views12 pages

    Behaviourism Watson

    Uploaded by

    Aimi Zahirah
    - Behaviorism, as defined by John Watson, is the scientific study of observable behaviors without consideration of internal mental states. - Watson rejected concepts like the unconscious and introspection, finding them unscientific. He believed the environment completely shapes a person's behaviors and temperament. - In Little Albert Experiment, an infant was conditioned to fear a white rat and stimuli associated with it through repeated pairing with a startling noise. This supported Watson's behaviorist view of environmental conditioning of emotions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Behaviourism (Watson)

    • Behaviourism, according to Watson, was the


    science of observable behaviour.

    • Only behaviour that could be observed, recorded


    and measured was of any real value for the study
    of humans or animals.

    • Watson's behaviourism rejected the concept of


    the unconscious and the internal mental state of
    a person because it was not observable and was
    subject to the psychologist's subjective
    interpretation.
    • For example, Freud would ask his patients to
    tell him their dreams. He would then interpret
    the dreams and analyse what these dreams
    were indicating in the person's life.

    • Watson found this emphasis on introspection


    and subjective interpretation to be very
    unscientific and unhelpful in understanding
    behaviour.
    • He believed strongly that a child's environment is
    the factor that shapes behaviours over their
    genetic makeup or natural temperament.

    • Watson is famous for saying that he could take ‘a


    dozen healthy infants... and train any one of them
    to become any type of specialist he might select -
    doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes,
    even beggar-man and thief.'
    • In other words, he believed that you can
    expose the child to certain environmental
    forces and, over time, condition that child to
    become any type of person you want.
    The Little Albert Experiment
    • An infant, Albert was given a white rat and his
    reaction was noted to be playful. He had no
    fear of the white rat.

    • The next time the rat was given to Albert.


    However, the psychologists made a loud noise
    using a metal pipe and a hammer.

    • The noise was so sudden and loud that it


    made little Albert cry. They did the same thing
    mutiples times.
    • Finally, when they gave Albert the rat without
    the noise, the child would cry at the mere
    sight of the animal.

    • Next, they introduced a white rabbit and as


    soon as Albert saw the animal, he began to
    cry. They gave him a Santa Claus mask which
    also made him cry.
    • Little Albert was conditioned to cry at the
    sight of the white rat, but in the process, he
    made the connection to anything that was
    white and furry would lead to a loud noise.

    • This experiment proofs the Behaviourism


    theory and shows that people could be
    conditioned to fear something and they can
    even end generalizing the object.
    Classical Conditioning in the Classroom
    • If a student associates negative emotional
    experiences with school, then this can
    obviously have bad results, such as creating a
    school phobia.

    • For example, if a student is bullied at school


    they may learn to associate the school with
    fear.
    • It could also explain why some students show
    a particular dislike of certain subjects that
    continue throughout their academic career.
    This could happen if a student is humiliated or
    punished in class by a teacher.

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