HR 2

Nagawade Apeksha Arun
Div: B
Roll No:32
INTRODUCTION
 Illiteracy is a state whereby one is unable to read and write. In
its simplest form, it can be defined as lack of any or sufficient
education.
 Illiteracy can also mean ignorance or the lack of knowledge in

a specific subject. For example, a person may have gone to
school but does not know how to operate a computer. Such an
individual has no literacy in computer and is known as
computer illiterate. Nearly every job advertised requires one to
have computer literacy due to the digitization of most processes
at the workplace.
A mistake in reading or writing that is seen to be
characteristic of an illiterate person is also referred to
as illiteracy. For this definition, a speech or letter that
has several errors can be said to be full of illiteracies.
Functional illiteracy, on the other hand, is used to

describe a situation where a person has writing and
reading skills considered inadequate to perform
employment duties that demand reading and writing
skills that go beyond the basic level.
CAUSES OF ILLITERACY
 Illiteracy among parents: Many illiterate parents do not put
much emphasis on the importance of education. Several of
those born to parents who can neither read nor write end up
being illiterate. This is especially true in remote areas where
many people in the older generation have not gone through
formal education.
 Lack of family support: This can be the cause of illiteracy more

so where a child has difficulty reading or writing because of
dyslexia. In a situation where the family does not understand
the child’s condition, it may simply be assumed that he or she
is not a bright person and maybe school is not meant for
everyone.
 Social barriers: Many social barriers such as restrictions on
girls’ education in some societies lead to illiteracy among the
affected segment of the population.Forcing children into
marriage is another social issue that causes illiteracy in the
community. Family or social norms where female education is
not allowed also causes illiteracy.
 Lack of affordable education facilities: Those who live in very
remote areas with few or no education facilities may remain
illiterate. The nearest school might be found several miles
away. Instead of going through the tiresome process of walking
for long distances on a daily basis just to go to school, many
choose to stay at home.
 Poverty: Poor parents with low incomes find it difficult to pay
school fees. They are forced to choose between providing basic
needs such as food, shelter and clothing and taking their
children to school.
 Lack of awareness: In places where several members of the
local population do not understand why it is important for them
to go to school, the level of illiteracy may be high. Disinterest
in the benefits of formal learning can also be caused by lack of
awareness on the importance of going to school. The number of
illiterate people in urban areas tends to be lower than that of
those in rural areas.
 Unemployment of the educated: Some people believe that the
only reason someone should go to school is so that he or she
can get a good job and make a good life. Without the promise
of employment, education is not a necessity to them. In a
country where many of the educated are unemployed, there
may not be enough motivation for the illiterate to go to school.
EFFECTS OF ILLITERACY
Child marriage:
This is also a problem that
may come about due to
illiteracy. Parents may fail
to recognize the benefits
of taking children to
school to learn how to
read and write. Instead,
the girl child may be
forced into early marriage.
It may also be a means of
raising money through
dowry payments to
support the rest of the
family members.
Social crimes:
Through education, a
person can cultivate
some civic sense and
develop behavior
patterns that are socially
acceptable. Illiterate
people may engage in
unlawful acts in the
society due to lack of
employment or simply
as a result of being
uncultured.
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
FOR CHILD LITERACY
 Free education: The provision of free education in schools,
colleges, and universities by the government can play a major
role in reducing the level of illiteracy in a country by getting
more people to school. Since some people fail to attend school
due to lack of money to pay for the fees.
Awareness: Creating awareness about the importance of
education can help people understand why they need to go to
school. Non-governmental organizations, government agencies,
and other concerned parties should put in place deliberate
measures to create awareness in the society and reduce the
number of people who are unable to read and write.
Late night classes: Working people can opt for late
night classes. In this way, they can learn even as they
earn income through their daytime jobs.
Free books: The government and different
foundations can offer free books in schools to
encourage students to develop a reading culture.
Offering free books can also reduce the financial
burden placed on parents in the provision of
textbooks.
Digitization: Since we live in the age of technology
and information, creating digital platforms for reading
and learning can help reduce illiteracy in the society.
It can also help take care of the challenge of shortage
of education facilities.
CONCLUSION
 The value of education cannot be underestimated. Many people like to think
of it merely as a process to gain skills and expertise necessary for the job
market.
 Even though education gives an individual a competitive advantage in the
job market, that is not all that it does. Going to schools plays a major role in
the mental as well as social development of a person.
 The lessons learned and the experiences that a person goes through while in
school prepares him or her for life in the society. One can learn problem-
solving skills and develop social intelligence necessary to overcome
everyday life challenges.
 Illiteracy, therefore, has no room in the modern society. Everyone should
aspire to be educated and gain knowledge because of the important benefits
of being literate.

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Nagawade Apeksha Arun

 Illiteracy can also mean ignorance or the lack of knowledge in

Functional illiteracy, on the other hand, is used to

 Lack of family support: This can be the cause of illiteracy more

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