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    Volvulus & Intussuseption

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    Volvulus & Intussuseption

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    lia
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    19 views22 pages

    Volvulus & Intussuseption

    Uploaded by

    lia

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Volvulus & Intussusception

    Syaiful Mukhtar
    Volvulus

    • Volvulus refers to the twisting of a portion of


    the intestine around itself or a stalk of
    mesentery tissue to cause an obstruction.
    Volvulus occurs most frequently in the colon,
    although the stomach and small bowel can
    also twist
    Volvulus

    • The part of the digestive system above the


    volvulus continues to function and may swell as it
    fills with digested food, fluid, and gas. A condition
    called strangulation develops if the mesentery of
    the bowel is twisted so tightly that blood flow is
    cut off and the tissue dies. This condition is called
    gangrene. Volvulus is a surgical emergency
    because gangrene can develop quickly, cause a
    hole in the wall of the bowel (perforation), and
    become life-threatenin
    Signs & Symtoms
    Abdominal pain
    • Constipation
    • Blood in stool
    • Nausea
    • Vomiting
    Bowel obstruction ..
    Gastric volvulus
    Caecal volvulus
    Ileal volvulus
    Tranversal colon volvulus
    Sigmoid volvulus
    Diagnostic

    • Physical examination
    • Radiology
    • Endoscopy
    Diagnostic
    Treatment

    • Surgery
    • Reposition, resection and anastomosis
    Intussusception

    • Intussusception is when one segment of


    intestine "telescopes" inside of another
    causing an intestinal obstruction. Although it
    can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal
    tract, it usually occurs at the junction of the
    small and large intestine
    • The obstruction can cause swelling &
    inflammation that can lead to tearing of the
    intestines
    Intussusception
    • Intussusception’s cause is unknown, but is
    usually preceded by a virus that produces
    swelling of the lining of the intestine, which
    then prolapses into the downstream intestine.
    In some children, it is caused by a congenital
    anomaly of the intestine such as a polyp or
    diverticulum
    Intussusception
    symptoms of intussusception
    • The characteristic signs and symptoms of
    intussusception are episodic, severe, crampy
    abdominal pain alternating with periods of
    lethargy. Small children may draw their knees up
    to their chest. Other possible symptoms of
    intussusception include:
    • Nausea and vomiting
    • Rectal bleeding (red jelly-like stools) sometimes
    mixed with mucus
    • These symptoms begin abruptly, usually one
    week after a non-specific viral illness.
    Diagnostic

    • Intussusception is associated with an


    abdominal mass, which may be felt upon
    physical examination. Ultrasonography is able
    to identify the mass with 100 percent
    accuracy and is now the first radiologic test
    prescribed for patients with suspected
    intussusception. Two other radiologic tests--
    barium enema and air contrast enema--also
    are used to help diagnose intussusception
    Diagnostic
    Treatment
    Treatment
    Treatment

    • Once intussusception is diagnosed, the next step is to


    attempt hydrostatic reduction (to push the intestine back)
    using a barium enema or air contrast enema (same test
    used for diagnosis). This is a radiologic procedure not a
    surgical procedure and does not require a general
    anesthetic.
    • These procedures (barium enema and air contrast enema)
    have a 60 percent to 70 percent success rate, with an 8
    percent to 10 percent rate of intussusception recurrence.
    They have a low risk of complications as well. If hydrostatic
    reduction is unsuccessful, then surgery is required. Surgery
    may also be done if there is significant infection, or are too
    ill for the radiologic procedure
    Thanks u

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