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    Tractioninorthopedics 141117064924 Conversion Gate01

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    Sorin Barbu
    Orthopaedic traction involves applying pulling forces to parts of the body. There are two main types - skin traction and skeletal traction. Skin traction applies force over a large skin area using adhesive or non-adhesive straps, while skeletal traction applies force directly to bone using pins or wires. Traction is used to regain bone length and alignment after fractures by reducing and immobilizing broken bones, while relieving muscle spasms and pressure on nerves. Effective traction requires countertraction from the patient's body weight and positioning. Complications can include skin damage, infection, and nerve palsies.

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    Tractioninorthopedics 141117064924 Conversion Gate01

    Uploaded by

    Sorin Barbu
    53 views22 pages
    Orthopaedic traction involves applying pulling forces to parts of the body. There are two main types - skin traction and skeletal traction. Skin traction applies force over a large skin area using adhesive or non-adhesive straps, while skeletal traction applies force directly to bone using pins or wires. Traction is used to regain bone length and alignment after fractures by reducing and immobilizing broken bones, while relieving muscle spasms and pressure on nerves. Effective traction requires countertraction from the patient's body weight and positioning. Complications can include skin damage, infection, and nerve palsies.

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    Orthopaedics traction

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    Orthopaedic traction involves applying pulling forces to parts of the body. There are two main types - skin traction and skeletal traction. Skin traction applies force over a large skin area using adhesive or non-adhesive straps, while skeletal traction applies force directly to bone using pins or wires. Traction is used to regain bone length and alignment after fractures by reducing and immobilizing broken bones, while relieving muscle spasms and pressure on nerves. Effective traction requires countertraction from the patient's body weight and positioning. Complications can include skin damage, infection, and nerve palsies.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    53 views22 pages

    Tractioninorthopedics 141117064924 Conversion Gate01

    Uploaded by

    Sorin Barbu
    Orthopaedic traction involves applying pulling forces to parts of the body. There are two main types - skin traction and skeletal traction. Skin traction applies force over a large skin area using adhesive or non-adhesive straps, while skeletal traction applies force directly to bone using pins or wires. Traction is used to regain bone length and alignment after fractures by reducing and immobilizing broken bones, while relieving muscle spasms and pressure on nerves. Effective traction requires countertraction from the patient's body weight and positioning. Complications can include skin damage, infection, and nerve palsies.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    ORTHOPAEDIC TRACTION

    Definition

    Traction is the
    application of a
    pulling force to
    a part of the
    body
    History
     The use of traction dates as far
    back as 3000 years ( ancient
    Egyptians ).
     Hippocrates (350BC) wrote about
    manual traction and the forces of
    extension and counter extension.
     Guy de Chauliac (1300-1368)
    introduce the continuous traction
     Used extensively in civil war for
    fractured femurs
    General Considerations
    Safe and dependable way of treating
    fractures for more than 100 years
    Bone reduced and held by soft tissue
    Less risk of infection at fracture site
    Allows more joint mobility than plaster
    Purpose of traction
    To regain normal length and alignment of
    involved bone.
    To reduce and immobilize a fracture bone
    To relieve or eliminate muscle spasm.
    To relieve pressure on nerves.
    To prevent or reduce skeletal deformities or
    muscle contractures.
    Disadvantages
    Costly in terms of hospital stay
    Hazards of prolonged bed rest
    DVT/Thromboembolism
    Pneumonia
    Requires continuous nursing care
    Can develop contractures
    Types(based on method)
    Manual traction

    Skin traction
    The traction force applied over a large area of skin.
    Adhesive and Non-adhesive skin tractions.

    Skeletal traction
    Applied directly to the bone either by a pin or wire
    through the bone. (eg- Steinmann pin, denham pin,
    kirschner wire)
    Types(based on mechanism)
    Fixed traction
    by applying force against a fixed point of body.
    Ex: fixed traction by Thomas splint.

    Sliding traction
    by tilting bed so that patient tends to slide in
    opposite direction to traction force.
    Ex: Hamilton Russell traction.
    Perkins traction.
    Principles Of Effective Traction
    Counter traction must be used to achieve
    effective traction.
    Counter traction is the force acting the
    opposite direction .
    Usually, the patient's body weight and bed
    position adjustments supply the needed
    counter traction.
    Management of Patients in Traction
    Care of the patient
    Care of the traction suspension system
    Radiographic examination
    Physiotherapy
    Removal of traction
    SKIN TRACTION
    The traction force is applied over a large
    area, this spreads the load and is more
    comfortable and efficient.
    Force applied is transmitted from skin to
    the bones via superficial fascia, deep
    fascia and intramuscular septa
    For better efficiency the traction force is
    applied only to the limb distal to the
    fracture
    Weight
    Skin damage can
    result from too much
    of traction force.
    Maximum weight
    recommended for skin
    traction is 6.7 kgs
    depending on size
    and weight of the
    patient
    Application
    Adhesive skin traction :
    Prepare the skin by shaving as well as
    washing & applying tincture benzoin
    which protects the skin and acts as an
    additional adhesive.
    Avoid placing adhesive strapping over
    bony prominences, if not, cover them
    with cotton padding and do the
    strapping.
    Leave a loop of 5 cm projecting
    beyond the distal end of limb to allow
    movement of fingers and foot.
    Non adhesive skin traction
     Useful in thin and atrophic skin.
    Frequent reapplication may be
    necessary.
    Attached traction wt. must not be
    more than 4.5 kgs.
    Indications
    Temporary management of neck of femur
    fracture.
    Femoral shaft fracture in children.
    Un displaced fracture of acetabulum.
    After reduction of dislocation of Hip.
    To correct minor fixed flexion deformities
    of hip and knee.
    Contraindications
    Abrasions and lacerations of skin in the
    area to which traction is to be applied
    Varicose veins, impending gangrene
    Dermatitis
    When there is marked shortening of the
    bony fragments as the traction weight
    required is greater than which can be
    applied through the skin
    Complications
    Allergic reactions from the adhesive material
    Blister formation and pressure sores from slipping
    straps
    Compartment syndrome from over-tight wrap
    Peroneal nerve palsy from wraps about the knee
    SKELETAL TRACTION
    It may be used as a
    means of reducing or
    maintaining the
    reduction of a fracture
    It should be reserved for
    those cases in which skin
    traction is
    contraindicated
    Application
    Use GA or LA.
    Paint the skin with iodine and spirit.
    Mount the pin/wire on the hand drill.
    Hold the limb in same degree of lateral
    rotation as the normal limb and with
    ankle at right angles.
    Identify the site of insertion and make a
    stab wound.
    Hold the pin horizontally at right angles to
    the long axis of the limb.
    Apply small cotton woolen pads soaked in
    tincture around the pins to seal the wound.
    The pin should pass only through skin, SC
    tissue and bone avoiding muscles and
    tendons.
    Complications
    Introduction of infection into bone.
    Distraction at fracture site.
    Ligamentous damage.
    Damage to epiphyseal growth plates.
    Depressed scars.
    Thank you

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