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    STRESS AND STRAIN-thermal As

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    Shaktivell Letchumanan
    The document discusses how the length of a material changes with temperature. It provides a formula to calculate the change in length (δT) based on the material's linear coefficient of thermal expansion (α), the change in temperature (ΔT), and the original length (L). An example problem is then shown to demonstrate how to use the formula to determine the change in length of a steel bar when its temperature increases. The calculated change in length is then used to find the average normal thermal stress induced in the bar.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    STRESS AND STRAIN-thermal As

    Uploaded by

    Shaktivell Letchumanan
    962 views7 pages
    The document discusses how the length of a material changes with temperature. It provides a formula to calculate the change in length (δT) based on the material's linear coefficient of thermal expansion (α), the change in temperature (ΔT), and the original length (L). An example problem is then shown to demonstrate how to use the formula to determine the change in length of a steel bar when its temperature increases. The calculated change in length is then used to find the average normal thermal stress induced in the bar.

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    STRESS AND STRAIN-thermal as.ppt

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    The document discusses how the length of a material changes with temperature. It provides a formula to calculate the change in length (δT) based on the material's linear coefficient of thermal expansion (α), the change in temperature (ΔT), and the original length (L). An example problem is then shown to demonstrate how to use the formula to determine the change in length of a steel bar when its temperature increases. The calculated change in length is then used to find the average normal thermal stress induced in the bar.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    962 views7 pages

    STRESS AND STRAIN-thermal As

    Uploaded by

    Shaktivell Letchumanan
    The document discusses how the length of a material changes with temperature. It provides a formula to calculate the change in length (δT) based on the material's linear coefficient of thermal expansion (α), the change in temperature (ΔT), and the original length (L). An example problem is then shown to demonstrate how to use the formula to determine the change in length of a steel bar when its temperature increases. The calculated change in length is then used to find the average normal thermal stress induced in the bar.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 7

     A change in temperature can cause material to change its

    dimensions.

     If the temperature increases, generally a material expands,


    whereas if the temperature decreases, the material will contract.

     If this is the case, and the material is homogenous and


    isotropic, it has been found from experiment that the
    deformation of a member having a length L can be calculated
    using the formula;
    T =  T L
    where,
    =linear coefficient of thermal expansion (unit: 1/C)
    T=change in temperature
    L=original length of the member
    T=change in length of the member
    Example

    Given: =12x10-6/C
    Solution:
      FY  0
    FA  FB  F

    AB =0 0 The change in length of the bar


    is zero (because the supports do
    not move)
    To determine the change in
    length, remove the upper support
    of the bar and obtain a bar is
    fixed at the base and free to
    displace at the upper end.
    (  �) AB  T - F So the bar will elongate by an
    amount δT when only
    temperature change is acting
    And the bar shortens by an
    amount δF when only the reaction
    is acting
    (  �) AB  T -  F
    T -  F  0
    FL
    TL - 0
    AE
    F(1)
    12 �10-6 (60�- 30�
    )(1) - 2 9
    0
    0.01 ( 200 �10 )
    F(1)
    3.6 �10-4 
    0.012 ( 200 �109 )
    F  3.6 �10-4 �0.012 ( 200 �109 )
     7.2kN

    Average normal thermal stress:

    F 7.2kN
    s ; 2
     72 MPa
    A 0.01
    Example

    Given:

    st  12 �10-6 / �
    C
     al  23 �10-6 / �
    C
    Est  200 �109 Pa
    E al  73.1 �109 Pa
     �Fy  0, 2Fst  Fal - 90(103 )N  0.........eq(1)
    st  al ...............................eq ( 2)
    (  �) st  (st )T - (st )F
    al  (al )T - (al )F
    (st )T - (st )F  (al )T - (al )F
    Fst L F L
    TL -  TL - al
    Ast E A al E
    Fst (0.25)
    12 �10-6 (80�- 20�
    )(0.25) - 2 9

    p(0.02) ( 200 �10 )
    Fal (0.25)
    23 �10-6 (80�- 20�
    )(0.25) -
    p(0.03)2 ( 73.1 �109 )
    Fst (0.25) Fal (0.25)
    1.8 �10-4 -  3.45 �10-4 -
    251.327 �106 ) ( 206.685 �106 )
    1.8 �10-4 - 9.947 �10-10 Fst  3.45 �10 -4 - 1.21 �10-9 Fal
    - 9.947 �10-10 Fst  3.45 �10-4 - 1.21 �10-9 Fal - 1.8 �10 -4
    1.65 �10-4 - 1.21 �10-9 Fal
    Fst 
    - 9.947 �10-10
     - 165.88 �103  1.216Fal ...............eq (3)
    Substitute eq (3)int o eq(1)
    2Fst  Fal - 90(103 )N  0
    2( -165.88 �103  1.216Fal )  Fal - 90(103 )N  0
    - 331.76 �103  2.432Fal  Fal - 90(103 )N  0
    3.432Fal  421.76 �103
    Fal  122.89 kN
    Substitute Fal  122.89 kN int o eq (3)
    Fst  - 165.88 �103  1.216Fal
     - 165.88 �103  1.216(122.89 �103 )
     - 16.445 kN

    The negative value for F steel indicates that the


    force acts opposite to arrow shown.
    THE STEEL POSTS ARE IN TENSION and
    ALUMINIUM POSTS IS IN COMPRESSION

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