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    Algae

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    marc
    Algae are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that range in size from microscopic to large seaweeds. They are classified into seven phyla based on characteristics like color, chloroplast contents, and cell wall composition. Algae reproduce both sexually through meiosis and gamete fusion or asexually through mitosis. Common modes of sexual reproduction include conjugation, antheridia releasing sperm to fertilize oogonia, and the alternation of generations life cycle. The major algae phyla are Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae), and Rhodophyta (red algae), which differ in pigmentation and dominance in marine or freshwater habitats.

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    Algae

    Uploaded by

    marc
    52 views18 pages
    Algae are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that range in size from microscopic to large seaweeds. They are classified into seven phyla based on characteristics like color, chloroplast contents, and cell wall composition. Algae reproduce both sexually through meiosis and gamete fusion or asexually through mitosis. Common modes of sexual reproduction include conjugation, antheridia releasing sperm to fertilize oogonia, and the alternation of generations life cycle. The major algae phyla are Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae), and Rhodophyta (red algae), which differ in pigmentation and dominance in marine or freshwater habitats.

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    Algae are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that range in size from microscopic to large seaweeds. They are classified into seven phyla based on characteristics like color, chloroplast contents, and cell wall composition. Algae reproduce both sexually through meiosis and gamete fusion or asexually through mitosis. Common modes of sexual reproduction include conjugation, antheridia releasing sperm to fertilize oogonia, and the alternation of generations life cycle. The major algae phyla are Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae), and Rhodophyta (red algae), which differ in pigmentation and dominance in marine or freshwater habitats.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    52 views18 pages

    Algae

    Uploaded by

    marc
    Algae are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that range in size from microscopic to large seaweeds. They are classified into seven phyla based on characteristics like color, chloroplast contents, and cell wall composition. Algae reproduce both sexually through meiosis and gamete fusion or asexually through mitosis. Common modes of sexual reproduction include conjugation, antheridia releasing sperm to fertilize oogonia, and the alternation of generations life cycle. The major algae phyla are Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae), and Rhodophyta (red algae), which differ in pigmentation and dominance in marine or freshwater habitats.

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    of 18

    Algae

    An Overview
    Characteristics
    • Range in size from microscopic to single
    celled organisms to large seaweed
    • Autotrophic
    • Form the reproductive structures –
    gametangia or gamete chambers
    • Aquatic and have flagella at some point in
    life
    • Often contain pyrenoids, organelles that
    synthesis and store starch
    STRUCTURE
    • Thallus (haploid)
    • Four types of algae
    –Unicellular
    –Colonial
    –Filamentous
    –multicellular
    IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF ALGAE
    CLASSIFICATION OF ALGAE
    • SEVEN PHYLUM BASED ON
    – COLOR
    – TYPE OF CHLOROPHYLL
    – FOOD-STORAGE SUBSTANCE
    – CELL WALL COMPOSITION
    REPRODUCTION
    MOST REPRODUCE BOTH
    SEXUALLY AND ASEXUALLY
    – Most sexual reproduction is
    triggered by environmental stress
    – Asexual Reproduction
    • Mitosis
    – Sexual Reproduction
    • Meiosis
    • Zoospores
    • Plus and minus gametes
    • Zygospore
    Reproduction in Multicellular Algae
    • Oedogonium reproduction
    – Antheridium-release
    flagellated sperm that swim to oogonium
    the oogonium
    – Oogonium-houses the zygote
    which is a diploid spore
    • The spore undergoes meiosis
    and produces 4 haploid
    zoospores. One of the four cells
    becomes a rootlike holdfast the
    others divide and become a new
    filament.
    holdfast
    Spirogyra reproduce sexually by
    conjugation
    Ulva Reproduces by Alternation of
    Generations
    • Two distinct
    multicellular phases-
    one is haploid and the
    other is diploid
    – Gametophyte is
    haploid
    – Sporophyte is diploid
    Phylum Chlorophyta
    • Green algae
    • 7000 diverse species
    • Biologist reason that green algae give rise
    to land plants.
    • Both green algae and land plants have
    chlorophyll a and B as well as carotenoids
    and store food as starch
    • Both have walls made of cellulose
    Phylum Phaeophyta
    • 1500 species of Brown
    algae
    • Mostly marine and include
    seaweed and kelp
    • All are multicellular and large
    (often reaching lengths of
    147 feet)
    • Individual alga may grow to a
    length of 100m with a
    holdfast, stipe and blade
    • Used in cosmetics and most
    ice creams
    Phylum Rhodophyta
    • 4000 species of RED Algae
    • Most are marine
    • Smaller than brown algae and are often
    found at a depth of 200 meters.
    • Contain chlorophyll a and C as well as
    phycobilins which are important in
    absorbing light that can penetrate deep
    into the water
    • Have cells coated in carageenan which is
    used in cosmetics, gelatin capsules and
    some cheeses
    Phylum Euglenophyta
    • 1000 species of
    Euglenoids
    • Have both plantlike
    and animal-like
    characteristics
    • Fresh water
    Other Phylum Representatives

    Diatoms – used in detergents, Dinoflagellates – red tides


    paint removers, toothpaste

    Golden algae

    Important in the
    formation of
    petroleum
    products
    Funguslike Protist

    Cellular Slime molds


    Plasmodial Slime Molds
    Water Molds

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