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    Alchemy

    Uploaded by

    Joyae Chavez
    This document discusses the history and evolution of chemistry from its origins in alchemy. In ancient Greece, early ideas about elements emerged, such as the theory that all matter is made of four elements - earth, air, fire, and water. During the Middle Ages, alchemy focused on trying to transform cheap metals like lead into gold through mystical means. Alchemists made some contributions through developing lab techniques and discovering properties of elements like mercury and sulfur. However, modern chemistry emerged when scientists took a more empirical, experimental approach to studying matter rather than relying on mysticism and magic. This marked the transition from alchemy to an actual science of chemistry.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Alchemy

    Uploaded by

    Joyae Chavez
    874 views21 pages
    This document discusses the history and evolution of chemistry from its origins in alchemy. In ancient Greece, early ideas about elements emerged, such as the theory that all matter is made of four elements - earth, air, fire, and water. During the Middle Ages, alchemy focused on trying to transform cheap metals like lead into gold through mystical means. Alchemists made some contributions through developing lab techniques and discovering properties of elements like mercury and sulfur. However, modern chemistry emerged when scientists took a more empirical, experimental approach to studying matter rather than relying on mysticism and magic. This marked the transition from alchemy to an actual science of chemistry.

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    This document discusses the history and evolution of chemistry from its origins in alchemy. In ancient Greece, early ideas about elements emerged, such as the theory that all matter is made of four elements - earth, air, fire, and water. During the Middle Ages, alchemy focused on trying to transform cheap metals like lead into gold through mystical means. Alchemists made some contributions through developing lab techniques and discovering properties of elements like mercury and sulfur. However, modern chemistry emerged when scientists took a more empirical, experimental approach to studying matter rather than relying on mysticism and magic. This marked the transition from alchemy to an actual science of chemistry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    874 views21 pages

    Alchemy

    Uploaded by

    Joyae Chavez
    This document discusses the history and evolution of chemistry from its origins in alchemy. In ancient Greece, early ideas about elements emerged, such as the theory that all matter is made of four elements - earth, air, fire, and water. During the Middle Ages, alchemy focused on trying to transform cheap metals like lead into gold through mystical means. Alchemists made some contributions through developing lab techniques and discovering properties of elements like mercury and sulfur. However, modern chemistry emerged when scientists took a more empirical, experimental approach to studying matter rather than relying on mysticism and magic. This marked the transition from alchemy to an actual science of chemistry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    Chemistry

    How did
    Chemistry
    Become a
    Science?

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemistry
    Alchemy vs. Chemistry

    The Alchemist Fertilizers (5-15-10)


    The Alchemists Dream Areas of Chemistry
    Zinc Pennies
    Stereotypes of Chemists
    Alchemy vs. Chemistry
    Pure Science A Career in Chemistry
    Applied Science Forensic Scientist
    Aluminum Mining The Scope of Chemistry
    Corning Glass
    Starting Salaries
    The
    Alchemist
    Frankly, Id be satisfied
    if I could turn gold
    into lead!
    The Alchemists Dream

    COPPER SILVER GOLD


    Zinc coated Brass = Copper + Zinc

    Penny into Gold - Alchemist Dream


    Zinc Pennies
    Copper was used to make Before 1982, all pennies were
    bullet shells in WW II. By solid copper (except 1943).
    1943, the supply of copper
    metal was in short supply. The
    US government did not want
    to waste copper on making
    pennies.

    A shortage of copper drove the


    price of copper up in the early
    1980s. If melted down, the copper
    could be sold for more than one
    cent.

    Pennies were made with steel After 1982, pennies were made
    metal. They looked silver. from zinc. A thin coating of
    copper was pressed on the zinc.
    Democrat vs. Republican
    Different Alike Different

    politicians right
    left

    Topic Topic

    liberal Democrat Republican conservative


    un ethical

    support support
    'little man' ? big business
    Alchemy vs. Chemistry
    Different Alike Different

    Topic Topic

    Alchemy Chemistry
    I think youve crossed that thin line
    between transmuting and cooking.
    Paracelsus
    Man consisted of three elements
    SALT represented the body
    SULFUR the soul
    MERCURY the spirit

    He thought he could rearrange the amounts of the


    elements to change man.
    He desired immortality
    and searched for a
    mystical elixir of life.
    The Beginnings
    early practical chemistry:
    household goods, weapons,
    soap, wine, basic medicine

    The Greeks believed there


    were four elements.
    D D
    D
    ___ ___
    ~
    earth air fire water
    Timeline
    Greeks
    (Democratus ~450 BC)
    Discontinuous Issac Newton
    theory of matter (1642 - 1727)
    ALCHEMY

    400 BC 300 AD 1000 2000

    Greeks
    (Aristotle ~350 BC))
    Continuous
    theory of matter

    American
    Independence
    (1776)
    Alchemy

    In Europe,
    alchemy was
    the quest for the Philosophers Stone
    (the elixir, the Sorcerers Stone).
    Allegedly, this substance would turn
    cheap metals into gold.
    transmutation
    changing one substance into another

    Philosophers Stone
    COPPER GOLD

    In ordinary chemical reactions, we cannot


    transmute elements into different elements.
    Early Ideas on Elements
    Robert Boyle stated...
    A substance was an
    element unless it could
    be broken down to two
    or more simpler
    substances.

    Air therefore could not


    be an element because
    it could be broken down
    in to many pure
    substances. Robert Boyle
    Alchemy

    After that 'chemistry' was


    ruled by alchemy.
    They believed that that
    could take any cheap
    metals and turn them into
    gold.
    Alchemists were almost
    like magicians.
    elixirs, physical immortality
    Alchemy
    Alchemy Symbols
    Symbols
    Alchemy

    Alchemical symbols for substances

    ...
    .......
    .....
    GOLD SILVER COPPER IRON SAND

    transmutation: changing one substance into another

    In ordinary chemistry, we cannot transmute elements.


    Alchemy (~500 1300 A.D.)
    the quest for the
    Philosophers Stone

    It was supposed to change cheap metals into gold.


    The Alchemist, by David Teniers
    Alchemical symbols for substances
    ...
    .......
    .....
    GOLD SILVER COPPER IRON SAND

    transmutation: changing one substance into another

    In ordinary chemistry, we cannot transmute elements.


    Contributions of alchemists: lab apparatus / procedures
    how to make some alloys
    properties of some elements
    Alchemy was practiced in many regions of the
    world, including China and the Middle East.

    Alchemy arrived in western Europe


    around the year 500 C.E.
    Modern chemistry evolved from alchemy.
    Contributions
    of alchemists:

    Information about elements


    - the elements mercury, sulfur, and antimony were discovered
    - properties of some elements

    Develop lab apparatus / procedures / experimental techniques


    - alchemists learned how to prepare acids.
    - developed several alloys
    - new glassware

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