India Executive Branch II

EXECUTIVE
DEPARTMENT
OF INDIA
Reported By: Datuin, MM T.
India is a "Sovereign, Socialist,
Secular, Democratic Republic" with a
parliamentary system of
government.
The Prime
Minister
The Prime Minister of India is the head of
the executive branch of the Government
of India. His position is distinct from that
of the President of India, who is the head
of the State. As India follows a
parliamentary system of government
modelled after the Westminster system,
most of the executive powers are
exercised by the Prime Minister. He acts
as an advisor to the President and is the
leader of the Council of Ministers. The
President appoints the Prime Minister of
ANNER OF ELECTION
The prime minister is the head of
Government and is appointed by the
Lok Sabha, rather than elected directly
by voters as is common in presidential
systems. The party holding a majority in
the Lok Sabha elects its leader prime
minister.
The Prime Minsiter is elected by the
elected members of Lok Sabha among
themselves i.e. the Prime Minister needs
to be the Member of Lok Sabha as well.
To be eligible for the
position of the Prime
Minister of India, a person
should:
Be a citizen of India.
Be a member of either the Lok
Sabha or the Rajya Sabha.
Complete 25 years of age if he
is a member of the Lok Sabha
or 30 years if he is a member of
Powers of the Prime
Minister
The roles and responsibilities of the Prime
Minister are as follows:
Link between President and Council of
Ministers:
The Prime Minister is the leader of the Council
of Ministers and serves as the channel of
communication between the President and the
Council of Ministers. It is his duty to
communicate to the President all the decisions
taken by the Council of Ministers and to provide
information regarding administration of the
Union or proposals for the legislature as called
Allocation of Portfolios:
He allocates portfolios among the
ministers and distributes work among
various ministries and offices. The Prime
Minister coordinates work among various
ministries and departments through the
Cabinet Secretariat.
In-Charge of Ministries:
Prime Minister also retains certain
portfolios that are not allocated to
other ministers. He is generally in
charge of the following
ministries/departments:
Head of the Government:
The Prime Minister of India is the head of the
Government. Though the President is the head of the
State, most of the executive decisions are taken by
the Prime Minister. All the important decision-making
bodies in India, like the Union Cabinet and the
Planning Commission, run under his supervision.
Leader of the Council of Ministers:

As far as the Prime Ministers relation to the Council
of Ministers is concerned, his position is that of First
among Equals. In the case of death or resignation of
the Prime Minister, the entire Council of Ministers has
to resign. The ministers directly report to the Prime
Minister. He can also remove a minister by asking for
his resignation or having him dismissed by the
President. If any difference of opinion arises between
Leader of the Parliament:
The Prime Minister is the Leader of the
House to which he belongs. He can also
take part in debates in the House of
which he is not a member. He can also
advise the President to dissolve the Lok
Sabha.
Representative of the Country:

In international affairs, he is the
spokesperson of the country. The Prime
7 Race
Course Road
Executive - Indian
Governmentconsists of the
President of India, the Council of
Ministers, the Vice-President,
the Union Ministries and the
Independent Executive
Agencies. In the Executive -
Indian Government, the
President of the nation is the
head of the state. The Executive
Compo
sition
1.The President of
India
2. Vice President
of India
3. Cabinet,
Executive
Departments
and Agencies
Presid
ent
Article 52 states that there
shall be a President of India.
The executive powers of the
Union shall be vested in the
President. He, as the head of a
state, symbolises the nation. In
some democratic systems, the
head of the state is also the
The President of India is the first citizen and
represents the Indian nation and does not,
therefore, belong to any particular political
party. He is elected by the representatives of
the people through an Electoral College.
Article 54 of the constitution says:
"The President shall be elected by the
members of an electoral college consisting of -
(a) The elected members of both Houses of
Parliament and
(b) The elected members of the Legislative
Assemblies of the States (including National
Capital Territory of Delhi and the Union
Territory of Pondicherry vide the Constitution
70th amendment Act, 1992)."
Qualificat
The following qualifications are
essential for a candidate seeking
ions
election to the office of the President:
1) He should be a citizen of India,
2) He should be of 35 years or above
.
of age,
3) He should be qualified for
becoming a member of the Lok
4) He
Sabha, should not hold any office of
profit, and
5) He should not be a member of
the Parliament or of a State
Conditions for
President
The President shall not be a member
of either House of Parliament or of a
House of the Legislature of any state,
and if a member of either House of
Parliament or of a House of the
Legislature of any state gets elected
as the President, he shall be deemed
to vacate his office or seat in that
House on the day on which he enters
the office as President.
He should not hold any office of
DUTIE
S
The principal responsibility of
the President of India is to
protect, preserve and defend
the Constitution and the laws
of India. His actions,
supervisory powers and
recommendations on the
legislative and executive
Powe
rs
The Constitution authorizes the President to
appoint a number of officials for proper
functioning of the government. They are :
Governors of States
The Chief Justice, other judges of the
Supreme Court and High Courts of India
The Attorney General
The Comptroller and Auditor General
The Chief Election Commissioner and other
Election Commissioners
The Chairman and other Members of the
Union Public Service Commission
Ambassadors and High
Commissioners to other countries.
The President, as Head of State
also receives the credentials of
Ambassadors from other countries,
whilst the Prime Minister, as Head
of Government, receives
credentials of High Commissioners
from other members of
Commonwealth, in line with
historical tradition.
He also enjoys the power and
The President isde jurethe
Commander in Chief of the Indian
Armed Forces. The President of
India can grant a pardon to or
reduce the sentence of a
convicted person for one time,
particularly in cases involving
punishment of death. The
decisions involving pardoning and
other rights by the President are
independent of the opinion of the
The President of India
resides in the
Rashtrapati Bhavan,
which is also one of the
buildings of its kind in
the world.
Rashtrapati
Bhavan
Term of office and Salary
Article 56 of the Constitution
describes the term of office of the
President. He shall hold the office
for a period of five years from the
date he enters his office. The
President can resign from his post
by writing his resignation to the
Vice-President of India. But, he can
continue to hold his office until his
successor joins the office. If the
Salary and Emoluments
The Parliament fixes the

salary and allowances of
the President. He presently
gets a salary of Rs.
1,50,000 per month along
with various allowances.
Pranab Mukherjee
Vice-
President
Article 63 of the Constitution
that there should be a Vice-
says
President in India. According to

Article 64 of the Constitution, he is
the ex-officio Chairman of the
Council of States or the Rajya
Sabha, but should not hold any
other office of profit. He also acts as
the President in case of vacancy in
Elect
ion
The election of the Vice-President
is discussed in Article 66 of the
Constitution. The Vice-President is
indirectly elected by an electoral
college which consists of members
of both the Houses of Parliament.
The members of the state
legislatures do no take part in the
elections of the Vice-President. The
elections are conducted by the
Qualificati
ons
A person is required to fulfill the
following criteria to become the
Vice-President:
He must be a citizen of India.
He must have attained the age of
35 years.
He must be qualified for election
as a member of the Council of
States.
Powe
rs
After the President of India, the Vice-President is the
highest dignitary of the country. He is the ex-officio
Chairman of the Council of States. As the Chairman
of the Council of States, he presides over the
meetings of the House. He is also the primary
spokesperson of the House. It is his responsibility to
ensure that the proceedings of the House are
conducted in accordance with the provisions of the
Constitution. He is also the custodian and guardian
of the privileges and rights of the members and the
House.
The Vice-President acts as the President if the office

of the President is vacant due to resignation, death
or removal. He also acts as the President in case the
Term of office and Salary
The Vice-President holds his office for a
term of five years beginning from the
date he joins office. The tenure of his
office is fixed for five years except in
case of resignation or death. He cannot
be directly impeached but can be
removed from his office by a resolution
passed by the Council of States and
agreed by the House of the People. He
shall continue to hold his office till his
successor joins.
hammad Hamid Ansari
Cabinet, executive
departments and agencies
The Cabinet of India includes the Prime Minister and
his Cabinet Ministers.
Each Minister must be a member of one of the houses
of India's Parliament. The Cabinet is headed by the
Prime Minister, and is advised by the Cabinet
Secretary - who also acts as the head of the Indian
Administrative Service. Other Ministers are either as
Union Cabinet Ministers, who are heads of the various
Ministries; Ministers of State, who are junior members
who report directly to one of the Cabinet Ministers,
often overseeing a specific aspect of government; or
Junior Ministers of State (Independent Charges), which
do not report to a Cabinet Minister. As per article 88 of
the constitution, every Minister shall have the right to
speak in, and to take part in the proceedings of, either
The Cabinet Secretariat of India
is accountable for the
management of the
Government of India (Allocation
of Business) Rules 1961, the
Government of India
(Transaction of Business) Rules,
1961 aiding the smooth dealing
of business in Ministries or
The subject areas where the Cabinet
Secretariat- India functions include
the Rules of Business and Secretarial
Assistance to Cabinet and Cabinet
Committees. This type of assistance
by the Cabinet Secretariat- India
contains:
1. Preparation and circulation of
agenda
2.Supervising implementation of
decisions taken by the Cabinet
3.Convening of meetings of the
Cabinet by the Orders of the Prime
The Cabinet Secretariat makes it
sure that the President, Vice-
President and Ministers are aware
of the chief actions of all Ministries
or Departments through Monthly
synopsis of their activities. The
Cabinet Secretariat also has the
function of managing different
crisis situations in the country.

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EXECUTIVE

Leader of the Council of Ministers:

Representative of the Country:

The Parliament fixes the

President in India. According to

The Vice-President acts as the President if the office

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