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    Lanthanides Powerpoint Science

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    The document discusses the lanthanide series of elements including cerium, gadolinium, samarium, erbium, terbium, and ytterbium. It provides information on their chemical symbols, valence electrons, states at room temperature, practical uses, physical properties such as melting points and densities, chemical reactivity, and some interesting facts. The document also includes a resources list of images and websites used.

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    Lanthanides Powerpoint Science

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    383 views16 pages
    The document discusses the lanthanide series of elements including cerium, gadolinium, samarium, erbium, terbium, and ytterbium. It provides information on their chemical symbols, valence electrons, states at room temperature, practical uses, physical properties such as melting points and densities, chemical reactivity, and some interesting facts. The document also includes a resources list of images and websites used.

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    The document discusses the lanthanide series of elements including cerium, gadolinium, samarium, erbium, terbium, and ytterbium. It provides information on their chemical symbols, valence electrons, states at room temperature, practical uses, physical properties such as melting points and densities, chemical reactivity, and some interesting facts. The document also includes a resources list of images and websites used.

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    383 views16 pages

    Lanthanides Powerpoint Science

    Uploaded by

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    The document discusses the lanthanide series of elements including cerium, gadolinium, samarium, erbium, terbium, and ytterbium. It provides information on their chemical symbols, valence electrons, states at room temperature, practical uses, physical properties such as melting points and densities, chemical reactivity, and some interesting facts. The document also includes a resources list of images and websites used.

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    Lanthanide

    Isaac Rupert
    Cheyenne Lupole
    Family Name:
    Group Name: Family Name: None
    Lanthanides
    Symbol
    Names: Chemical
    Symbol:
    1.) Cerium
    1.) Ce
    2.) Gadolinium
    2.) Gd
    3.) Samarium
    3.) Sm
    4.) Erbium
    4.) Er
    5.) Terbium
    5.) Tb
    6.) Ytterbium
    6.) Yb
    Elements
    Cerium
    Metal

    Gadolinium
    Metal

    Samarium
    Metal

    Erbium
    Metal
    Valence
    Electrons
    Cerium - 2
    Gadolinium
    Gadolinium - 2 Cerium Chloride
    Miserite Hexahydrate
    Samarium - 2
    Terbium
    Erbium - 2 Iodide
    Ytterbium
    Terbium - 2 Fluoride

    Ytterbium - 2
    Samarium Erbium
    Nitrate Nitrate
    State of Element at
    Room Temperature
    Gadolinium Cerium

    riu
    um

    m ma
    Solid

    i
    rb

    Sa
    Te
    Gadolinium

    te
    ati
    m Solid
    iu

    Ap
    r
    Ce Ytterbium
    Samarium
    Solid
    e
    lit
    ya

    Erbium
    d
    Eu

    Erbium
    Solid
    Practical Use for each
    Element
    Cerium Erbium

    Used in flat screen tvs and Used in nuclear technology to


    used as flint in cigarette make neutron-absorbing control
    lighters. rods. Also when Terbium is
    added to vanadium as an alloy,
    it lowers its hardness and
    Gadolinium
    improves its workability.
    Can be combined with
    Ytterbium to form garnets in Terbium
    micro-wave technology.
    Is used to dope some solid state
    devices. (Doping is replacing
    Samarium
    one atom type to another to
    give a specific element different
    Practical Use for each
    Element
    Ytterbium
    Can be used to improve the
    grain refinement, strength, and
    other mechanical properties of
    stainless steel.
    Physical Properties of
    Set
    Cerium Gadolinium
    Melting Point: 1313C, 2395F,
    Melting Point: 799C, 1470F, 1070 K 1586 K
    Boiling Point: 3273C, 2395F,
    Boiling Point: 3443C, 6229F, 3716 K 1586 K
    Density: 7.90g
    Density: 6.77 - 6.78 g/cm^-3 Color: Silvery-white
    Hardness:
    Color: Grey Brinell: None
    Mohs: None
    Hardness Scale: Vickers: 570 MN m-2
    Comparison:
    Brinell: 412 MN m-2
    All Lanthanides are solid state at room temperature but
    Mohs:
    some of 2.5
    the other nonmetals such as Nitrogen can be turned
    Physical Properties of
    Set (cont.)
    Samarium: Erbium

    Melting Point 1443 K, 1170C, 1965F Melting Point: 1802 K, 1529C,


    2784F
    Boiling Point: 2067 K, 1794C, 326F
    Boiling Point: 3141 K 2868C,
    Density: 7.54g 5194F

    Color: Silvery-White Density: 9.07g

    Hardness Scale: Color: Silvery-White


    Comparison: Hardness Scale:
    Brinell: 441 MN-2
    The lanthanides are different from the other groups
    Mohs: 412 MN-2 Brinell:
    Physical Properties of
    Set (cont.)
    Terbium Ytterbium
    Melting Point: 1629 K, 1356C, 2473F Melting Point:
    Boiling Point: 3503 K 3230C, 5846F Boiling Point:
    Density: 8.23g Density
    Color: Silvery-grey Color:
    Hardness Scale: Hardness Scale:
    Comparison:
    Brinell: 6771200 Brinell: 343441
    Mohs: no scale Mohs: no scale
    Chemical Reactivity
    of Set
    Cerium: Erbium:

    Reacts to water Reacts to Air

    Forms: Cerium Hydroxide Forms:

    Erbium Oxide
    Gadolinium:
    Reacts to water
    Terbium

    Forms: Reacts to Air

    Gadolinium Hydroxide Forms:

    Hydrogen Gas Terbium Oxide


    Interesting Facts
    Cerium: Cerium is named after the dwarf planet Ceres, which was discovered in 1801, two years before
    the element.

    Gadolinium: The elements name is similar to gadolinite, a mineral named after a Finnish chemist
    named Johan Gadolin.

    Samarium: It was the first element to be named after a person, a French chemist Paul mile Lecoq de
    Boisbaudran in 1879. It was when he was working from a laboratory on the second floor of his home.

    Erbium: It is not required in the human body but recent studies have shown that it may help the
    metabolism.
    Resources
    List
    Samarium (Sm) [Online Image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from
    http://www.stanfordadvancedmaterials.com/sm.html

    About Er [Online Image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from


    http://www.stanfordadvancedmaterials.com/er.html

    Gadolinium [Online Image]. (2006). Retrieved from


    http://www.periodictablepen.com/1-chemical-elements/webelements/elements/text/Gd/key.html

    Ytterbium [Online Image]. (2006). Retrieved from


    http://www.periodictablepen.com/1-chemical-elements/ytterbium/

    Ytterbium [Online Image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from


    http://www.periodictable.com/Elements/070/
    Resources List
    (cont.)
    Gadolinium [Online Image]. (n.d.). Retrieved from
    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gadolinium-3.jpg

    Samarium [Online Image]. (2016). Retrieved from


    http://images-of-elements.com/samarium.php

    Ytterbium [Online Image]. (2016). Retrieved from


    http://images-of-elements.com/ytterbium.php

    Gray, T. G. (2008). theodoregray.com [Online Image]. Retrieved from


    http://theodoregray.com/periodictable/Elements/058/index.s14.html

    Cerium [Online Image]. (2006). Retrieved from


    http://www.periodictable.com/Elements/058/
    Resources List
    (cont.)
    Samarium Nitrate Hexahydrate. [Online Image]. (2015). Retrieved from
    http://www.pangea-intl.com/goods.php?id=98

    Gray, T. G. (2008). theodoregray.com [Online Image]. Retrieved from


    http://theodoregray.com/periodictable/Elements/065/index.s13.html

    Erbium Nitrate Pentahydrate [Online Image]. Retrieved from


    http://www.pangea-intl.com/goods.php?id=88

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