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    Phylum Chordata

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    nitsirkfm09
    This document summarizes the characteristics of chordates and describes their classification. It explains that chordates are defined by having pharyngeal slits, a dorsal nerve cord, and a notochord during early development. It then outlines the phylum Chordata and describes the key subphyla and classes. The subphyla are vertebrates, tunicates, and lancelets. The classes include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, bony fish, cartilaginous fish, and jawless fish. Each class has distinct anatomical features.

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    Phylum Chordata

    Uploaded by

    nitsirkfm09
    44 views20 pages
    This document summarizes the characteristics of chordates and describes their classification. It explains that chordates are defined by having pharyngeal slits, a dorsal nerve cord, and a notochord during early development. It then outlines the phylum Chordata and describes the key subphyla and classes. The subphyla are vertebrates, tunicates, and lancelets. The classes include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, bony fish, cartilaginous fish, and jawless fish. Each class has distinct anatomical features.

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    This document summarizes the characteristics of chordates and describes their classification. It explains that chordates are defined by having pharyngeal slits, a dorsal nerve cord, and a notochord during early development. It then outlines the phylum Chordata and describes the key subphyla and classes. The subphyla are vertebrates, tunicates, and lancelets. The classes include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, bony fish, cartilaginous fish, and jawless fish. Each class has distinct anatomical features.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    44 views20 pages

    Phylum Chordata

    Uploaded by

    nitsirkfm09
    This document summarizes the characteristics of chordates and describes their classification. It explains that chordates are defined by having pharyngeal slits, a dorsal nerve cord, and a notochord during early development. It then outlines the phylum Chordata and describes the key subphyla and classes. The subphyla are vertebrates, tunicates, and lancelets. The classes include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, bony fish, cartilaginous fish, and jawless fish. Each class has distinct anatomical features.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    PHYLUM

    CHORDATA
    WHAT IS A CHORDATE?
    Pharyngeal slits

    Dorsal nerve cord

    Notochord

    Post-anal Tail
    WHAT MAKES UP THE PHYLUM?
    PHYLUM
    CHORDATA

    Subphylum Subphylum Subphylum


    Urochordata Cephalochordata Vertebrata
    Class Cyclostomata
    Class Larvacea
    Class Chondrichthyes
    Class Ascidiacea Class Osteichthyes
    Class Thaliacea Class Amphibia
    Class Reptilia
    Class Aves
    Class Mammalia
    SUBPHYLUM UROCHORDATA
    (TUNICATES)
    sea squirts
    marine
    Larva is free-living, minute, tadpole-
    like
    As it matures, the larva settles and
    metamorphoses into a sedentary
    adult
    Adult form becomes essentially a sack
    with two siphons through which water
    enters and exits
    reproduction: asexual or sexual
    Triploblastic
    bilateral
    Holoblastic, with anus
    No segmentation
    Heart with vessels
    brain with nerve cords
    Excretion: diffusion
    Species: about 1,200
    CLASS CLASS
    CLASS
    LARVACEA THALIACEA ASCIDIACEA
    CLASS Class
    CLASS CLASS
    LARVACEA Thaliacea
    THALIACEA ASCIDIACEA
    Class
    CLASS
    CLASS CLASS
    Ascidiacea
    ASCIDIACEA
    LARVACEA THALIACEA
    SUBPHYLUM CEPHALOCHORDATA
    Lancelets and Amphioxus
    Coastal waters of tropical and temperate regions
    Short tapered body
    Capable of swimming but has no compex sense
    organs
    enterocoelic
    a mesoderm is formed in a developing embryo in which the coelom forms
    from pouches pinched off of the digestive tract
    closed circulatory system
    brain is not present
    sexes are separate
    external fertilization
    bilateral symmetry
    SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA
    Body covering Circulatory
    system
    Skeleton
    Respiration
    Muscles
    Excretion
    Digestive tract
    Brain
    Bilateral symmetry
    Possess a brain enclosed by skull
    closed circulatory system
    Well developed coelom
    Separate sexes
    Complete digestive system
    Metamerism found in skeletal, muscular, and
    nervous system
    CLASS CYCLOSTOMATA:
    CYCLOSTOMES

    Absence of paired appendages


    Gills in sac-like pouches
    No true jaws, cartilaginous A.
    skull Hagfish

    No scales
    Anadromous
    B. Lamprey
    CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES:
    CARTILAGINOUS FISHES
    Cartilaginous Skeleton
    Sharks, rays, skates
    Placoid (tooth like) Scales
    Absence of Swim Bladder
    Separate Gill Clefts
    Heterocercal Tail
    Pelvic fin with claspers in males
    CLASS OSTEICHTHYES:
    BONY FISHES
    Distinct bones
    Presence of Swim Bladder
    Gill arches in a common
    chamber at each side of the
    pharynx covered by a bony
    operculum
    Tail usually homocercal
    Covered by dermal scales
    Skin with many mucous
    glands
    CLASS AMPHIBIA:
    AMPHIBIANS
    Moist skin and glandular
    No external Scales
    2 pairs of limbs for walking or swimming
    2 nostrils; eyes with movable lids; eardrums
    external on frogs and toads
    Skeleton largely bony
    3 chambered heart
    Brain with 10 pairs of cranial nerves
    Respiration by gills, lungs, skin or the mouth
    lining
    Excretion by mesonephric kidneys; urea -
    waste
    CLASS REPTILIA:
    REPTILES
    2 pairs of limbs
    Brain with 12 pairs of cranial
    nerves
    Excretion by metanephric
    kidneys; uric acid waste
    Heart incompletely 4
    chambered
    Respiration by lungs; gills
    absent
    Internal fertilization
    CLASS AVES:
    BIRDS
    Body covered with feathers
    Skeleton light, strong, fully
    ossified
    A projecting beak or bill
    Compact, highly efficient lungs
    Excretion by metanephric kidneys
    Fertilization internal
    Fused clavicle (wishbone)
    Two pairs of limbs
    Anterior pair is usually modified for
    flight
    Posterior pair adapted for perching,
    walking, or swimming
    CLASS MAMMALIA:
    MAMMALS
    Highest group
    Body is usually covered with hair
    mammal mammary glands
    External ear opening; tongue
    mobile; eyes with movable lids
    Respiration by lungs
    Brain highly developed
    Non-nucleated RBCs
    Fertilization internal
    Marsupials pouched mammals

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