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    Linux Device Driver: Nctu Os Lab Chi-Wei Yang

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    NguyenVan Thanh
    This document provides an overview of Linux device drivers. It describes the overall architecture including the virtual file system (VFS) and different driver types like character, block, and network drivers. It then discusses specific details for each driver type, covering their properties, exported interfaces, and data flow for read and write operations. Finally, it outlines some common support functions for tasks like I/O port reservation, memory allocation, interrupt handling, and data transfer between the kernel and user space.

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    Linux Device Driver: Nctu Os Lab Chi-Wei Yang

    Uploaded by

    NguyenVan Thanh
    64 views14 pages
    This document provides an overview of Linux device drivers. It describes the overall architecture including the virtual file system (VFS) and different driver types like character, block, and network drivers. It then discusses specific details for each driver type, covering their properties, exported interfaces, and data flow for read and write operations. Finally, it outlines some common support functions for tasks like I/O port reservation, memory allocation, interrupt handling, and data transfer between the kernel and user space.

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    Linux Driver

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    This document provides an overview of Linux device drivers. It describes the overall architecture including the virtual file system (VFS) and different driver types like character, block, and network drivers. It then discusses specific details for each driver type, covering their properties, exported interfaces, and data flow for read and write operations. Finally, it outlines some common support functions for tasks like I/O port reservation, memory allocation, interrupt handling, and data transfer between the kernel and user space.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    64 views14 pages

    Linux Device Driver: Nctu Os Lab Chi-Wei Yang

    Uploaded by

    NguyenVan Thanh
    This document provides an overview of Linux device drivers. It describes the overall architecture including the virtual file system (VFS) and different driver types like character, block, and network drivers. It then discusses specific details for each driver type, covering their properties, exported interfaces, and data flow for read and write operations. Finally, it outlines some common support functions for tasks like I/O port reservation, memory allocation, interrupt handling, and data transfer between the kernel and user space.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Linux Device Driver

    NCTU OS Lab
    Chi-Wei Yang
    Outline
     Overall Architecture
     Character Driver
     Block Driver
     Network Driver
     Support Functions
    Overall Architecture
     VFS
     Driver Types
    • character
    • block
    • network
    Overall Architecture (cont.)

    System Call Interface

    VFS
    Socket

    File Systems

    Buffer Network Protocol


    Cache

    Block Character Network


    Device Driver Device Driver Device Driver

    Hardware
    Overall Architecture (cont.)
     Operation Modes
    • polling
    • interrupt
    • DMA
    Character Driver
     Device Properties
    • can’t be randomly accessed
    • can’t be buffered
    • usually are slow devices
     Export Interface
    • file_operations
     Data Flow in read/write
    Character Driver (cont.)
    int lseek (struct inode *, struct file *, off_t, int)
    int read (struct inode *, struct file *, char *, int)
    int write (struct inode *, struct file *, const char *, int)
    int readdir (struct inode *, struct file *, void *, filldir_t)
    int select (struct inode *, struct file *, int, select_table *)
    int ioctl (struct inode *, struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long)
    int mmap (struct inode *, struct file *, struct vm_area_struct *)
    int open (struct inode *, struct file *)
    void release (struct inode *, struct file *)
    int fsync (struct inode *, struct file *)
    int fasync (struct inode *, struct file *, int)
    int check_media_change (kdev_t dev)
    int revalidate (kdev_t dev)
    Block Driver
     Device Properties
    • can be randomly accessed
    • accessed in units of blocks
    • to speed up access, buffer cache is used
     Export Interface
    • file_operations
    • request_fn()
     Data Flow in read/write
    Block Driver (cont.)

    process

    read/write system call

    buffer
    cache

    invoke request function

    check buffer up to date call


    scheduler

    done
    Network Driver
     Export Interface
     Data Flow in read/write
    Network Driver (cont.)

    int open(struct device *dev)


    int stop(struct device *dev)
    int hard_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct device *dev)
    int hard_header (struct sk_buff *skb, struct device *dev,
    unsigned short type, void *daddr, void *saddr, unsigned len)
    int rebuild_header(void *eth, struct device *dev, unsigned long raddr,
    struct sk_buff *skb)
    void set_multicast_list(struct device *dev)
    int set_mac_address(struct device *dev, void *addr)
    int do_ioctl(struct device *dev, struct ifreq *ifr, int cmd);
    int set_config(struct device *dev, struct ifmap *map)
    void header_cache_bind(struct hh_cache **hhp, struct device *dev,
    unsigned short htype, __u32 daddr)
    void header_cache_update(struct hh_cache *hh, struct device *dev,
    unsigned char * haddr)
    int change_mtu(struct device *dev, int new_mtu)
    Struct iw_statistics* get_wireless_stats(struct device *dev)
    Network Driver (cont.)

    User Application

    Berkley Socket API

    INET Socket

    TCP UDP

    IP ARP ICMP

    Network Device Driver

    Transmit packets Receive packets


    through hard_start_xmit from interrupt handler

    Network Device
    Support Functions
     I/O ports reservations
    • request_region()
     Memory Allocations
    • kmalloc(), vmalloc(), get_free_page()
     Interrupt Handler Registration
    • request_irq()
     Data Transfer between User/Kernel
    • memcpy_fromfs()
    Support Functions (cont.)
     Bottom Halves
    • mark_bh()
    • its main purpose is to provide fewer blocking
    time due to interrupts
    • top half/bottom half
    • priority-based
    • limitions in writing bottom halves
    – can't call schedule(), can't block

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