Physics 1: Experiment 5

PHYSICS 1
Experiment 5
EQUILIBRIUM
OBJECTIVES
To determine the mass of a meter

stick using the principle of moments.
To compute sum of moments of force.
To Identify the position of two or more
masses in a straight lever in order to
balance.
MATERIALS
Set of Masses (200g, 100g, 50g)

Meter stick
Platform Balance
String
Knife-edge or any fulcrum
Force frame
PROCEDURE
Center of Gravity
1.
Balance the meter stick on a fulcrum and record this as

center of gravity.
2.
Position the 25cm mark of a meter stick in the fulcrum

and hang a mass of 100g mass m2 at the left side of the
fulcrum to balance. Record this as d1. Record the
distance of the 100g mass from the fulcrum as d2.
3.
Find the mass of the meter stick m1, using the principle
of moments : m1gd1 = m2gd2 / m1d1 = m2d2.
4.
Find the actual mass m of the meter stick using the

platform balance. Determine the percent error where
actual m is the accepted value:
/m1-m2/
x 100
m
TABULATION OF DATA
CENTER OF GRAVITY
Center of Gravity of Meter Stick
CG
50cm
Fulcrum
40cm
Distance of COG from
D1
25cm
Hanged Mass
M2
100g
Distance of m2 from fulcrum
D2
25cm
Mass of meter stick
M1
100g
Mass of meter stick (actual)
Error
Percent Error
110g
10g
9.09%
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
Required:
M1d1 = m2d2
M1 = Mass of the meter

stick using the principle of
moments
Given:
M2 = 100g
D1 = 25 cm
D2 = 25cm
Solution:
M1 = m2d2
d1
M1 = (100g)(25cm)
(25 cm)
M1 = 100g
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
/m1-m2/
Required:
x 100
Percent Error
m
Given:
M1 = 100g
M2 = 110g
M = 110g
Solution:
= /100-110/ x 100
110
= 9.09%
PROCEDURE
Straight Lever
1.
Suspend a meter stick in a force frame at its midpoint.

Adjust the position of the meter stick until it balances.
The point of suspension shall be the fulcrum. Hang a 100g
mass m1 at a distance 40cm d1left of the fulcrum. To
balance, properly position a 200g mass m2 on the other
end. Record its position in the meter stick as d2.
2.
Determine the moments T1 on the left side and the

moments T2 on the other side where:
T1 = m1gd1
T2 = m2gd2
3.
Compare T1 and T2 and compute the percent difference.

% Difference = |T1 T2|
T1 + T2
2
x 100
TABULATION OF DATA
STRAIGHT LEVER
Mass on the left side of F
M1
100g
Mass on the right side of F
M2
100g
Distance of M1 from F
D1
40cm
D2
20cm
Moments on the left side of F T1
39200 dyn-cm
Moments on the right side of F T2
39200 dyn-cm
Difference between T1 and T2

Percent Difference
0 dyn-cm
0%
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
Given:
T1 = m1gd1
M1 = 100g
T2 = m2gd2
M2 = 200g
Required:
D1 = 40cm
T1 and T2
D2 = 20cm
G = 9.8
Solution:
T1 = (100)(9.8)(40)
T1 = 39200 dyn-cm
T2 = (200)(9.8)(20)
T2 = 39200 dyn-cm
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
Required:
% diff. = |T1 T2| x 100
Percent Difference
T1 + T2
2
Given:
= 39200
T1
T2 = 39200
Solution:
% diff. = |39200 39200| x 100
39200 + 39200
2
% diff. = 0
PROCEDURE
Sum of Moments
1.
2.
3.
Hang the meter stick in equilibrium position from the
force frame. Place a 50g mass m1 and 100g mass m2

on the right side of the meter stick at different
distances (d1, d2) from the fulcrum. To balance, find
the point where a 200g mass m3 must be placed on
the right side of the fulcrum. Record its distance
from the fulcrum as d3.
Compute for the sum of moment on both sides:
Right side : T1 + T2
Left side : T3
Compare left side moments with the right side
moments. Find the Percent Difference.
% diff. = | (T1 + T2) T3 | x 100
[(T1 + T2)+T3] /2
TABULATION OF DATA
SUM OF MOMENTS
Masses on the Left side of F
M1
50g
Masses on the Left side of F
M2
100g
D1
40cm
D2
20cm
Mass on the right side of F
M3
200g
D3
20cm
Weight of M1
W1
49000 dyn
Weight of M2
W2
98000 dyn
Weight of M3
W3
196000 dyn
Moments on the Left side of F
T1
19600 dyn-cm
Moments on the Left side of F
T2
19600 dyn-cm
Moments on the Right side of F T3
39200 dyn-cm
Sum of Moments on the left side of F
39200 dyn-cm
Difference between (T1+T2) and T3
0 dyn-cm
Percent Difference
0%
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
Required:
Weight to dyn = (w)(980)
Weight to dyn
Given:
W1 = 50
W2 = 100
W3 = 200
Solution:
W1 = (50)(980)
W1 = 49000
W2 = (100)(980)
W2 = 98000
W3 = (200)(980)
W3 = 196000
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
Given:
T1 = m1gd1
M1 = 50
T2 = m2gd2
M2 = 100
T3 = m3gd3
M3 = 200
Required:
Moments
Solution:
T1 = (50)(9.8)(40)
T1 = 19600
T2 = (100)(9.8)(20)
T2 = 19600
T3 = (200)(9.8)(20)
T3 = 39200
D1 = 40
D2 = 20
D3 = 20
COMPUTATION
Formula to be used:
% diff. = | (T1 + T2) T3|
Required:
x 100%
Percent Difference
[(T1+T2) + T3)/2]
Given:
T1 = 19600
T2 = 19600
T3 = 39200
Solution:
% diff. = |(19600+19600) 39200| x 100
[(19600+19600)+39200)/2]
% diff. = 0
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Does the center of gravity coincide with the fulcrum?
Yes the center of gravity coincide with the fulcrum,
because the fulcrum supports the meter stick. The
Center of Gravity of the meter stick was lined with the
fulcrum. The Center of Gravity was determined because
it is where the mass is concentrated.
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Is the equation w1d1 = w2d2 equivalent to m1d1 = m2d2?
How?
No. It differs in a way that weight is different from mass.
Mass is a fundamental quantity while weight is a derived
quantity.
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Why does a meter stick balance if the moments in one

side equals the moment on the right side?
It balances because there is an equal amount of masses
on both sides of the meter stick.
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
In a straight lever. Why is a relatively low percent

difference obtained?
We got a 0% Difference because the moments we
computed are equal.
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Is the equation m1d1+m2d2 = m3d3 equivalent to

(m1+m2)(d1+d2) = m3d3? Why?
Yes. Because the Associative Property of addition was
applied.
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
When do you solve for percent difference? Percent Error?

We solve for percent difference to get the percentage
difference of given moments while we solve for Percent
Error when we will determine the percentage error
between the computed mass and the actual mass of an
object.
GROUP 4
PIMENTEL
MADLANGBAYAN
NAZARENO
GUARIN
ESPAOLA
ORENCIANO
CAPINGCOT
COCO

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PHYSICS 1

To determine the mass of a meter

Set of Masses (200g, 100g, 50g)

Balance the meter stick on a fulcrum and record this as

Position the 25cm mark of a meter stick in the fulcrum

Find the actual mass m of the meter stick using the

Distance of COG from

Distance of m2 from fulcrum

Mass of meter stick

Mass of meter stick (actual)

M1 = Mass of the meter

Suspend a meter stick in a force frame at its midpoint.

Determine the moments T1 on the left side and the

Compare T1 and T2 and compute the percent difference.

Mass on the right side of F

Moments on the left side of F T1

Moments on the right side of F T2

Difference between T1 and T2

% diff. = |T1 T2| x 100

Hang the meter stick in equilibrium position from the

force frame. Place a 50g mass m1 and 100g mass m2

Masses on the Left side of F

Mass on the right side of F

Moments on the Left side of F

Moments on the Left side of F

Moments on the Right side of F T3

Sum of Moments on the left side of F

Difference between (T1+T2) and T3

Weight to dyn = (w)(980)

Why does a meter stick balance if the moments in one

In a straight lever. Why is a relatively low percent

Is the equation m1d1+m2d2 = m3d3 equivalent to

When do you solve for percent difference? Percent Error?

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