Course Outline

Indonesian values and ideology

Cekli Setya Pratiwi, SH.(UB), LL.M. (Utrecht)
+6281334931211 (mobile) , [email protected] (email)
Homepage: http://ceklipratiwi.staff.umm.ac.id

To understand the values and ideology of Indonesia and the changes that
occur can be seen from the history of a place in Indonesian society over
time, including changes in the system of the Indonesian government after
independence. The change of Indonesian values also influenced by
culture with its elements that cause the formation of the culture. The
existence and practice of negative values cause many problems in society
and government as an authoritarian system of government, corruption,
collusion and nepotism, separatism, anarchism, criminal actions and
others.
Therefore to prevent the existence of negative values is then subject
Indonesian values and ideology directed to Civic education. Civic
education is one of the compulsory course for all Students on
undergraduate programs.This course has purpose to equip and enrich the
knowledge and ability of the students about economical, political and
legal system in Indonesia, the relationship between citizens and the state
as well as a preliminary national defense education in order to be a
civilized citizen who love his country.
After following this course students are expected to have an insight and a
high national consciousness, able to act intelligently, global-minded,
patriotic spirit, respect to human rights comprehensively thought-integral
based on four pillars of national and state the philosophy of Pancasila, the
1945 Constitution, the Republic of Indonesia, national unity to achieve
goals and national objectives.

Objectives:

Standards of Competency:
Students who take the course are expected to:
Having understanding about the history of Indonesia society after
its independence
Having understanding that change the values of Indonesia also
influenced by culture with its elements
Having understanding about the existence and practice of negative
values cause many problems in society and government
Having knowledge about the importance of Citizenship Education
for students
Has the attitude and behavior in accordance with human rights
Have awareness of rights and obligations as a citizen
Have the awareness to defend the country
Have awareness of democracy
Have an overview of the national Indonesian insights
Have the motivation to participate for achieving Indonesias
resilience.
Have the motivation to participate in realizing Politics and National
Strategy

Topics:

Introduction
History of Indonesian society after its
independence
Indonesian values influenced by culture
Negative values caused some problematic in
society
Economic System in Indonesia
MIDLE TEST 28th October 8th November 2013
Understanding 4 Pillars Stateless (Pancasila,
Constitution of 1945, Unity in Diversity, NKRI)
Rule of Law and Democracy
Indonesia Customs and Religion
Geopolitics and Geostrategy of Indonesia
FINAL TEST 13 17 January 2014

MIDLE TEST 28th October 8th

November 2013
Paper/ Essay 1500 words
It must be sent by email to [email protected] a
week before the date of Midle Test.
Type in Time New Romans font size 11 paper size A-4,
space 1,5.
Optional Topics:

Building a Culture of Shame,

Tolerance On Highway,
Queued Cultural,
Inter-Religious Tolerance,
Behavior and Culture Sportive,
Violence Amongst the students

Student Paper Presentation

Tool: Power point and slide projector.
Duration: 7 minutes
Optional Topics:

FINAL TEST 13 17 January 2014

Culture of Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism Is the culture we belong to?

Poverty In Indonesia and solutions to overcome them
Action Anarchism In Among Students
Counteract Consumerism Culture among Students
Women's role in improving the welfare of the urban poor
The role of women in preventing domestic violence
The Role of Youths Facing the Free Market
Brought to earth of Pancasila among Students
Unity within diversity, Opportunity and challenge
Increase the Role of Civil Society to Participate in Government
Efforts Reduce Crime Numbers In Among Students
Culture of Literacy and the Law of Obedience Law, How Important is it?
Student Opportunities and Challenges facing Globalization and the Free
Market

Sources of material:
Books:

Sunarso, et al. Citizenship Education for Students. UNY., 2003.

Eko Riyadi (ed.), Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia, Yogyakarta: PUSHAM-UII, 2008.

S.Paul Verluyten, Intercultural Communication in Business and Organisations:

An Introduction, Uitgeverij Acco, Fourth Reprint, 2004.

Ibn Chamim, A (Ed)., Pendidikan Kewargaengaraan Menuju Kehidupan yang

Demokratis dan Berkeadaban. Yogyakarta: Majelis Pendidikan Tinggi, Penelitian dan
Pengembangan (Diktilitbang) Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah, 2003.

Dikdik Baehaqi Arief, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (Civic Education), Universitas

Ahmad Dahlan, Untuk Kalangan Sendiri, dapat diakses di
http://baehaqiarif.files.wordpress.com/.../bahan-ajar-pkn.pdf

Pimpinan MPR dan Tim Kerja Sosialisasi MPR Periode 2009-2014, Empat Pilar
Kehidupan Berbangsa dan Bernegara, Sekretariat Jenderal MPR-RI, 2012.

MPR-RI, Panduan Pemasyarakatan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik

Indonesia Tahun 1945 Dan Ketetapan MPR-RI, Sekretariat Jenderal MPR-RI, 2013.

Regulations:
Constitution of Republic of Indonesia Year 1945
The Act Number 39 Year 1999 about Human Rights
The Act Number 26 Year 2000 about Human Rights Court

Learning contract

Student should reach minimum attendance

80% of 14 meetings
Student absences due to illness or have
authorization from the institution must include
a doctor's license accompanied by a letter or
letter of assignment.
Student late more than 15 minute will not
allow to joint the class
Plagiarism in the working paper, the point will
be reduced by 50%

History of Indonesian society

after its independence
Chapter - 1

Sub Topics:
Post Revolution
New Order (Orde Baru)
Indonesia in Transition (1998-1999)
Reformation Era (1999-nowdays)

The name of Indonesia has already been existed far before

Indonesias sovereignty, known since the 18th century. It
originally derives from the Latin word Indus, meaning India,
and the Greek word Nesos, meaning Island.
As the meaning of its name, Indonesia consists of 17,508
islands that make Indonesia as the largest archipelagic state in
the world.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region
since the 17th century, when the Sriwijaya Kingdom traded with
China and India. This was the beginning of the influence of
Buddhism and Hinduism to Indonesian culture.
In the 13th century, Moslem traders arrived in northern Sumatra
that further its influences spread over Indonesian areas
adopted Islam. Islam overlaid and mixed with existing cultural
and religious influences, particularly in Java area.
In 1512, the first Europeans arrived in Indonesia; Portuguese
traders came to Maluku and monopolized the sources of
nutmeg, cloves, and cubed pepper. It followed by Dutch and
British traders.

The name of Indonesia

Dutch colonialism and Japanese invasion

The Dutch colonial era was started by

establishing Dutch East India Company (VOC) in
1602. After the bankruptcy of VOC in 1800, the
government of Netherlands took over VOC and
Indonesia became a nationalized colony.

The Japanese invasion and short term

occupation during World War II ended Dutch
rule, and encouraged Indonesian leaders to
proclaim Indonesias Independence on August
17, 1945, three days after Japan surrendered.

The Republic of Indonesia first saw light on

August 17, 1945, when its independence was
proclaimed just days after the Japanese
surrender
to the Allies.
Post
Revolution
Pancasila became the ideological and
philosophical basis of the Republic, and on
August 18, 1945 the Constitution was adopted
as the basic law of the country.
Following the provisions of the Constitution,
the country is headed by a President who is
also the Chief Executive. He is assisted by a
Vice-President and a cabinet of ministers.

The sovereignty of the people rests with the

People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). Hence,
the President is accountable to the MPR.
The legislative power is vested in the House of
Representatives (DPR).
Other institutions of the state are the Supreme
Court, the Supreme Advisory Council and the
Supreme Audit Board.
Soekarno became the first President and Chief
Executive, and Mohammad Hatta, the first VicePresident of the Republic. On September 5,
1945 the first cabinet was formed.

New Order (Orde Baru)

The Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) attempted another coup

on September 30, 1965. The uprising, however, was abrupt and
quickly stamped out by the Armed Forces under Major General
Soeharto, then Chief of the Army's Strategic Command.
Under these explosive conditions, President Soekarno
eventually gave in and granted Soeharto full power to restore
order and security in the country. The transfer of power was
effected by a presidential order known as "the 11th of March
order" of 1966.
Soon afterwards, on March 12, 1966, General Soeharto banned
the PKI. This decision was endorsed and sanctioned by virtue of
the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly Decree No
XXV/MPRS/1966. He also formed a new cabinet, but Soekarno
remained as Chief Executive.
This brought dualism into the cabinet, particularly when
Soekarno did not show support for the cabinet's program to
establish political and economic stability. Hence, a special
session of the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly
(MPRS) was convened from March 7-12, 1967.

The Assembly resolved to relieve Soekarno of

his presidential duties and appointed Soeharto
as Acting President, pending the election of a
new President by an elected People's
Consultative Assembly.

Ever since taking office in 1967, the New Order

Government of President Soeharto was
determined to return constitutional life by
upholding the 1945 Constitution in a strict and
consistent manner and by respecting Pancasila
as the state philosophy and ideology.

Indonesia in Transition (1998-1999)

Since the outset of the First Five-Year Development

Plan in 1969, Indonesia under the New Order
Government of President Soeharto had endeavored
to achieve its national development goals.
Indonesia, indeed, had been able to achieve
substantial progress in various fields which had
been enjoyed by the majority of the Indonesian
people. Indonesia had gained success in the
national development.
Unfortunately, economic crisis, which began with
the monetary crisis, struck Indonesia as of July
1997.

Since the middle of 1997, the people's standard of living

dropped considerably. The decline in the people's standard of
living was aggravated by various political tensions arising from
the 1997 general elections.

The political system which had been developed since 1966

turned out to be unable to accommodate the dynamism of the
aspirations and interests of the community. This led to riots and
disturbances.

To a certain extend, they reflected the malfunctioning of the

political order and of the government, finally causing this
situation to develop into a political crisis.

The accumulation of the economic crisis and the political crisis

became a triggered factor for crisis in confidence. This applied
not just to officials and state-running institutions, but also
began to touch on the system of values and the legal
foundations that underpin the state-running institutions.

A number of student demonstrations ensued, including

the occupation of the People's Consultative
Assembly/House of People's Representatives
compound.

They appealed for political and economic reform;

demanded President Soeharto to step down and stamp out
corruption, collusion and nepotism.
Critical moments prevailed in the capital, Jakarta, and other
towns from 12 to 21 May 1998.

On 12 May a tragedy happened in the Trisakti

University Campus, causing the death of four students.
On 18 May the leadership of the House suggested the
President resign.
The President's effort to accommodate the developing
aspirations of the people by forming a re-form cabinet
and a reform committee never materialized as there
was no adequate support from various circles.

Finally, on 21 May 1998, President Soeharto,

after a 32-year rule of the New Order
Government resigned. Pursuant to Article 8 of
the 1945 Constitution and the People's
Consultative Assembly decree no VII/1973, he
handed over the country's leadership to VicePresident Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie.

Reformation Era (1999-nowdays)

Now it is time for Soesilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY). Reformation appears

in everywhere, every field, every aspect. Including in legal aspect, some of
new body was established for people wanted the transparency and clean
governance.

The constitution reformation amendment was held fourtimes. Now Indonesia

use the Constitution of Indonesia Republic Year 1945.

Since 1999, people also wanted the state respect, guarantee and fulfill to
human rights of citizen. Legislative body has released the Law Number 39
Year 1999 about Human Rights, and the Law Number 26 Year 2000 about
Human Rights Court and some International Human Rights conventions has
been ratified.

However, Indonesia still faces many problems such as legal problems

(corruptions, problems related to law enforcement system, terrorism,
criminals), social problems (poverty, human trafficking, people access to
education and health, jobless), political problems (money politic, public
distrust), economical problems (free trade market, consumerism, depend on
import product), cultural problems ( crisis of malu cultural, intolerance,
disobedience, anarchism).