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    Ratio and Proportion

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    Mclin Jhon Marave Mabalot
    The document discusses ratios, rates, proportions, and solving proportion problems. It provides examples and explanations of: - What a ratio is and how to write one - The difference between a ratio and a rate - How to write and solve proportions using the cross product and reciprocal properties - The three types of proportions: direct, indirect, and partitive - Example proportion word problems and step-by-step solutions

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    Ratio and Proportion

    Uploaded by

    Mclin Jhon Marave Mabalot
    121 views19 pages
    The document discusses ratios, rates, proportions, and solving proportion problems. It provides examples and explanations of: - What a ratio is and how to write one - The difference between a ratio and a rate - How to write and solve proportions using the cross product and reciprocal properties - The three types of proportions: direct, indirect, and partitive - Example proportion word problems and step-by-step solutions

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    The document discusses ratios, rates, proportions, and solving proportion problems. It provides examples and explanations of: - What a ratio is and how to write one - The difference between a ratio and a rate - How to write and solve proportions using the cross product and reciprocal properties - The three types of proportions: direct, indirect, and partitive - Example proportion word problems and step-by-step solutions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    121 views19 pages

    Ratio and Proportion

    Uploaded by

    Mclin Jhon Marave Mabalot
    The document discusses ratios, rates, proportions, and solving proportion problems. It provides examples and explanations of: - What a ratio is and how to write one - The difference between a ratio and a rate - How to write and solve proportions using the cross product and reciprocal properties - The three types of proportions: direct, indirect, and partitive - Example proportion word problems and step-by-step solutions

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    A ratio is the comparison of two numbers written as a fraction.

    For example:

    Your schools basketball team has won 7 games


    and lost 3 games. What is the ratio of wins to
    losses?
    Because we are comparing wins to losses the first
    number in our ratio should be the number of wins and
    the second number is the number of losses.

    The ratio is ___________


    games won = _______
    7 games = __
    7
    games lost
    3 games
    3

    In a ratio, if the numerator and denominator are measured in


    different units then the ratio is called a rate.
    A unit rate is a rate per one given unit, like 60 miles per 1 hour.
    Example: You can travel 120 miles on 60 gallons of gas.
    What is your fuel efficiency in miles per gallon?
    ________
    miles = ________
    2 miles
    Rate = 120
    60 gallons 1 gallon
    Your fuel efficiency is 2 miles per gallon.

    An equation in which two ratios are equal is


    called a proportion.
    A proportion can be written using colon notation
    like this
    a:b=c:d
    or as the more recognizable (and useable) equivalence of two
    ___
    a = ___
    c
    fractions.
    b
    d

    When Ratios are written in this order, a and d are the extremes,
    or outside values, of the proportion, and b and c are the means,
    or middle values, of the proportion.
    ___
    a = ___
    c
    b
    d

    a:b::c:d
    Extremes

    Means

    To solve problems which require the use of a proportion we can use


    one of two properties.

    The reciprocal property of proportions.


    If two ratios are equal, then their reciprocals are equal.

    The cross product property of proportions.


    The product of the extremes equals the product of the means

    Example:

    2 6

    x 9
    92 6 x
    18 6 x

    6
    6
    3 x

    Write the original proportion.


    Use the cross product property.
    Divide both sides by 6 to isolate the
    variable, then simplify.

    Three Kinds of Proportion


    1. Direct Proportion

    - a proportion when both antecedent


    and the consequent increase or
    decrease.
    Example: For every 15 boys who
    attended the program, there were 10
    girls. How many girls were there if
    there were 60 boys who attended the
    program?

    Solution:
    Proportion:
    15 boys to 10 girls = 60 boys : x girls
    15 : 10 = 60 : x
    15x = 600
    15
    15
    x = 40 girls

    2. Indirect or Inversed Proportion


    - A proportion when the antecedent
    increases as the consequent decreases
    or vice versa.
    Example:

    If 6 men can paint our house


    in 18 days, how long will it take
    4 men to do the same job?

    Solution
    men hours
    6
    x
    4
    6 : 4 = x : 18
    4x = 108
    4
    4
    x = 27 hours

    18

    3. Partitive Proportion
    - used to divide a number into
    parts proportional to the given.
    Example:
    Four children decided to give their
    grandmother a gift for her 70th birthday.
    They decided to divide the expenses in
    the ratio 2:3:4:5. How much will each
    one pay if the cost of the gift is P1,400
    only?

    Solution
    2 : 3 : 4 : 5 = 1,400
    2n + 3n + 4n + 5n = 1,400
    14n = 1,400
    14
    14
    n = 100
    P200 will be given by the first child
    P300 will be given by the second child
    P400 will be given by the third child
    P500 will be given by the fourth child

    Board Drill
    Find the value of x:

    4: 8 = x : 10

    Board Drill
    Find the value of x:

    24: 48 = x :
    8

    Board Drill
    Find the value of x:

    15: x = 45 :
    27

    Board Drill

    There are 24 flowers


    in 3 vases. If there are
    6 vases, how many
    flowers are there?

    Board Drill

    Two numbers are in the


    ratio 5:7. If the sum of
    the two numbers is 120,
    what are the two
    numbers?

    Board Drill
    If 8 men can build the
    extension of our house in
    6 days, how many men
    are needed to finish it in 4
    days?

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