Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 71 views

    Cranial Nerves V, Vii, Viii, Ix, X, Xi, Xii: DR Nan Ommar FMHS, Unimas

    Uploaded by

    Merri
    The document discusses the cranial nerves V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. It provides details on: - The functional components and distributions of the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), accessory (XI), and hypoglossal (XII) nerves. - Lesions that can occur with damage to each of the cranial nerves, such as Bell's palsy from facial nerve damage or acoustic neuroma from vestibulocochlear nerve damage. - The nuclei origins for several cranial nerves in the brainstem, such as

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cranial Nerves V, Vii, Viii, Ix, X, Xi, Xii: DR Nan Ommar FMHS, Unimas

    Uploaded by

    Merri
    71 views32 pages
    The document discusses the cranial nerves V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. It provides details on: - The functional components and distributions of the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), accessory (XI), and hypoglossal (XII) nerves. - Lesions that can occur with damage to each of the cranial nerves, such as Bell's palsy from facial nerve damage or acoustic neuroma from vestibulocochlear nerve damage. - The nuclei origins for several cranial nerves in the brainstem, such as

    Original Description:

    neurology

    Original Title

    Cranial Nerves v--XII

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the cranial nerves V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. It provides details on: - The functional components and distributions of the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), accessory (XI), and hypoglossal (XII) nerves. - Lesions that can occur with damage to each of the cranial nerves, such as Bell's palsy from facial nerve damage or acoustic neuroma from vestibulocochlear nerve damage. - The nuclei origins for several cranial nerves in the brainstem, such as

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    71 views32 pages

    Cranial Nerves V, Vii, Viii, Ix, X, Xi, Xii: DR Nan Ommar FMHS, Unimas

    Uploaded by

    Merri
    The document discusses the cranial nerves V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. It provides details on: - The functional components and distributions of the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), accessory (XI), and hypoglossal (XII) nerves. - Lesions that can occur with damage to each of the cranial nerves, such as Bell's palsy from facial nerve damage or acoustic neuroma from vestibulocochlear nerve damage. - The nuclei origins for several cranial nerves in the brainstem, such as

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 32

    CRANIAL NERVES

    V, VII,VIII,IX, X, XI, XII


    DR NAN OMMAR
    FMHS, UNIMAS

    Cranial Nerve Attachments To


    the Brain Stem

    Trigeminal (V) CN-Functional


    components
    Skin of the face is supplied by the 3-divisions of the
    of the trigeminal nerve
    Ophthalmic V1-supplies the region developed fromV
    the frontonasal process ( corneal reflex afferent)
    G
    Maxillary V2- supplies region developed from
    maxillary process of the 1st pharyngeal arch
    Mandibular V3supplies region developed from
    mandibular process+muscles of mastication
    Sensory supply to mouth, teeth, nasal cavity &
    paranasal sinuses +antr 2/3 of the tongue
    Proprioceptive fibers to underlying facial muscles

    TRIGEMINAL NERVE- Point


    of Exit & distribution
    V1: Sup Orb Fissure
    V2: Foramen Rotundum
    V3: Foramen Ovale
    Somatic Sensory: Face
    &anterior2/3 of the tongue
    Somatic Motor:
    Mastication muscles,
    Tensor Tympani, Tensor
    Palati

    Origin of Cranial Nerve Nuclei in


    Brain stem

    LesionofTrigeminalNerve
    HerpeszosterinfectionofsensoryrootsofTrigeminalNerve
    leadstopain&eruptionofvesiclesofdermatomesuppliedby
    ophthalmic,maxillary&mandibularbranches.
    TrigeminalNeuralgia
    paininthedistributionofany
    branchofthetrigeminalnerveesp.maxillary&mandibular
    ~Syringobulbia(centralcavitationofthemedullacaudaltothe
    4thventricledestructionoftrigeminothalamicfibers)leadsto
    selectivelossofpain&temperaturesensibilityintheface.
    Inabilitytocontractmusclesofmastication,deviationof
    mandibletosideoflesionwhenmouthisopened

    Facial Nerve (7th Cranial Nerve)


    Nuclei origin
    Functional components
    Intra cranial & Extra cranial course
    Distribution and Lesions

    Origin/nuclei of 7th Cranial nerveth


    floor of 4 Ventricle

    Facial colliculus
    ...

    Intracranial &Extracranial Course


    of Facial Nerve

    Functional
    Components Of
    Facial Nerve

    Four functional components :


    1. Brancial motor(special visceral efferent)
    Supplies the muscles of facial expression; posterior belly of digastric
    muscle; stylohyoid, and stapedius.
    2Visceral motor(general visceral efferent)
    Parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual
    glands, as well as mucous membranes of nasopharynx, hard and soft palate
    3Special sensory(special afferent)
    Taste sensation from the anterior 2/3 of tongue; hard and soft palates.
    4General sensory(general somatic afferent)
    General sensation from the skin of the concha of the auricle and from a small
    area behind the ear. It may also supplement the mandibular division of CN V
    in providing sensation from the wall of the acoustic meatus and the outer
    surface of the tympanic membrane.

    Special
    Sensory of 7th
    CN

    Chorda tympani (VII) joins Lingual (V) for taste-antr 2/3 of tongue

    Bells Palsy-(Lower motor


    neurone lesion)

    Lesion of Facial Nerve

    VII

    ~Bell's palsy -swelling of nerve in facial


    canal

    pain around ear; paralysis of the facial


    muscles;
    inability to close eye; drooping mouth
    leads to drooling
    hyperacusis on affected side;
    Loss of secretion from submandibular
    and sublingual glands ipsilateral to
    the lesion (lesion of the chorda
    tympani, visceral motor)
    Loss of taste from anterior 2/3 of
    tongue ipsilateral to the lesion
    (chorda tympani, special sensory )

    Upper Motor Neurone Lesion ; Facial palsy e g Stroke


    facial paralysis below the eye on the opposite side

    VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
    th
    NERVE- 8 Cranial Nerve

    VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE

    VIII VestibuloCochlear leaves the brain between the pons


    and medulla (at the cerebellopontine angle together with
    the Facial nerve)
    Enters the Internal Auditory (Acoustic meatus/canal) to the
    inner ear (organ of Corti & semicircular canal)
    Special Sensory: Auditory/Balance

    Lesion of Vestibulocochlear
    Nerve VIII

    ~Acoustic neuroma tumour of the 8th Cranial


    nerve
    Signs and symptoms
    dizziness (vertigo) & deafness; progressive
    hearing loss, noises in the ear,involuntary
    rapid eye movement (nystagmus)

    Glossopharngeal nerve-Superficial
    attachment & functional components

    Jugular Foramen-Exit together with 10 & 11 CN


    Somatic Sensory (GSA): Posterior 1/3 Tongue, Middle Ear
    Visceral Sensory (SVA): Carotid Body/Sinus
    Special Sensory (SSA): Taste (Posterior 1/3 Tongue)
    Somatic Motor (GSE): Stylopharyngeus
    Visceral Motor (GVE): Parotid Gland

    GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
    th
    9 Cranial Nerve
    Functional Components :
    Motor fibers to stylopharyngeus
    Sensory fibers for general sensation
    and taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
    & mucous membrane of the
    pharynx,tonsil and soft palate
    Carotid sinus and body-chemoreceptor
    & baroreceptor -influence blood pressure
    & respiration
    Parasympathetic to parotid salivary
    gland thru otic ganglion
    Assist swallowing &
    salivation,conducts sensation from
    posterior part of tongue & pharynx(gag reflex )

    VAGUS NERVE_10 Cranial


    Nerve
    th

    Emerges from the upper part


    of medulla by rootlets
    between the olive & inferior
    cerebellar peduncle
    Leaves the posterior cranial
    fossa through the central part
    of Jugular foramen
    2 ganglia-superior vagal &
    inferior vagal sensory ganglia

    Functional components
    1.General sensory-Auricular branch
    (external ear)
    2.Visceral motor- Pharyngeal branch to
    pharyngeal plexus The branchial motor
    component of CN X provides voluntary
    control of
    muscles of the pharynx
    muscle of the larynx,
    ( except for the stylopharyngeus muscle
    (CN IX) and the tensor veli palatini
    muscle (CN V).)
    Palatoglossus muscle of the tongue
    (the rest of the muscles of the tongue
    are innervated by CN XII).
    3.Parasympathetic component

    Parasympathetic components of
    Vagus
    * Cardiac branches
    *Esophageal plexus
    Anterior vagal trunk (to
    anterior stomach and
    liver)
    * Posterior vagal trunk (to
    posterior stomach)*Celiac plexus (liver, kidney,
    small intestine, large
    intestine up to the splenic
    flexure)secretomotor

    VII,IX, X CN Nuclei for taste


    sensation= Nucleus tractus solitarius

    XI &XII Cranial Nerves


    Great auricular n.

    Lesser occipital n.

    Accessory n. (XI)
    Hypoglossal n. (XII)

    Ansa cervicalis

    Vagus n. (X)

    Phrenic n.

    ACCESSORY NERVE
    Cranial root joins the vagus and its
    branches are distributed to the
    muscles of soft palate and
    pharynx via pharyngeal plexus
    and to the muscles of larynx
    except the cricothyroid muscle
    (responsible for movement of the
    soft palate,pharynx,larynx)
    Spinal root (from upper 5 cervical
    segments ascends along the spinal
    cord & enters the foramen
    magnum) supplies the sternocleidomastoid
    and trapezius muscles

    HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE-XII
    Cranial Nerve
    Is a motor nerve
    Emerges from the medulla
    oblongata between the
    pyramid & olive
    Crosses the posterior cranial
    fossa & leaves the skull
    through the hypoglossal canal
    Passes downwards forwards
    to supply the tongue muscles
    except the palatoglossus
    Controls the shape &
    movement of the tongue

    NERVE LESIONS
    9th,10th &11th Cranial Nerves can be compressed
    by a tumor while passing through the jugular
    foramen or the nuclei can be damaged in
    vascular lesions-(bulbar palsy)
    Glossopharyngeal nerve lesion results in Difficulty in swallowing,
    loss of taste in posterior 1/3 of tongue
    decrease salivation

    Vagal nerve lesion results in


    hoarseness of voice due to paralysis of vocal cords
    dysphagia-difficulty in swallowing

    10 /11 Cranial Nerve Palsyuvula pulls towards the normal


    side-AHH!
    th

    th

    Test for
    motor
    innervation
    of soft palate

    12th Cranial Nerve Palsy -tongue


    deviates towards the side of
    lesion due to unopposed action of
    the normal half

    NERVE LESIONS 2
    Accessory nerve lesion
    drooping shoulders
    inability to rotate the neck (wry
    neck)

    Hypoglossal nerve lesion


    moderate difficulty in speaking &
    chewing
    dysphagia
    tongue deviates to the side of
    lesion when protruded

    THANK YOU !!!

    Out On Our Table Top Are Fruits,


    Very Green Veggies And
    Hamburgers
    MMneumonicnemonic

    Mnemonic for the 12 pairs of Cranial nerves

    You might also like