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    Neuroanatomy Quiz Bee

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    Julienne Sanchez-Salazar
    This document contains a quiz on neuroanatomy with 15 multiple choice questions and their explanations. It tests knowledge of the cranial nerves, cerebrospinal fluid flow, hypothalamic nuclei, sites of hemorrhage or obstruction in the brain, and structures involved in hearing and vision. The questions cover topics such as lesions that could cause double vision, increased intracranial pressure, numbness over the tip of the nose, and other neurological signs and symptoms. The explanations provide context about the relevant neuroanatomy and how lesions in different structures could result in the clinical presentations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Neuroanatomy Quiz Bee

    Uploaded by

    Julienne Sanchez-Salazar
    463 views55 pages
    This document contains a quiz on neuroanatomy with 15 multiple choice questions and their explanations. It tests knowledge of the cranial nerves, cerebrospinal fluid flow, hypothalamic nuclei, sites of hemorrhage or obstruction in the brain, and structures involved in hearing and vision. The questions cover topics such as lesions that could cause double vision, increased intracranial pressure, numbness over the tip of the nose, and other neurological signs and symptoms. The explanations provide context about the relevant neuroanatomy and how lesions in different structures could result in the clinical presentations.

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    Neuroanatomy Quiz Bee

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    This document contains a quiz on neuroanatomy with 15 multiple choice questions and their explanations. It tests knowledge of the cranial nerves, cerebrospinal fluid flow, hypothalamic nuclei, sites of hemorrhage or obstruction in the brain, and structures involved in hearing and vision. The questions cover topics such as lesions that could cause double vision, increased intracranial pressure, numbness over the tip of the nose, and other neurological signs and symptoms. The explanations provide context about the relevant neuroanatomy and how lesions in different structures could result in the clinical presentations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    463 views55 pages

    Neuroanatomy Quiz Bee

    Uploaded by

    Julienne Sanchez-Salazar
    This document contains a quiz on neuroanatomy with 15 multiple choice questions and their explanations. It tests knowledge of the cranial nerves, cerebrospinal fluid flow, hypothalamic nuclei, sites of hemorrhage or obstruction in the brain, and structures involved in hearing and vision. The questions cover topics such as lesions that could cause double vision, increased intracranial pressure, numbness over the tip of the nose, and other neurological signs and symptoms. The explanations provide context about the relevant neuroanatomy and how lesions in different structures could result in the clinical presentations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 55

    NEUROANATOMY

    QUIZ BEE

    Neuro Questions
    QUESTION 1
    QUESTION 2
    QUESTION 3
    QUESTION 4
    QUESTION 5
    QUESTION 6
    QUESTION 7
    QUESTION 8
    QUESTION 9
    QUESTION 10
    QUESTION 11
    QUESTION 12
    QUESTION 13
    QUESTION 14
    QUESTION 15

    QUESTION 1

    1. A 43-year old male complains of double


    vision when walking downstairs. He has
    no other concerns. He eats a balanced diet
    and takes one multivitamin daily. He jogs
    for 30 minutes every morning. His past
    medical history is significant for type 2
    diabetes mellitus, which is well controlled
    with glyburide. A lesion of which of the
    following structures is most likely
    responsible for this patients complaints?
    a. Optic nerve
    b. Oculomotor nerve
    c. Abducens nerve
    d. Trochlear nerve
    e. Medial longitudinal fasciculus

    Answer:

    D. Trochlear Nerve
    Vertical diplopia is most noticeable
    when the affected eye looks toward
    the nose, as occurs when reading the
    newspaper or walking downstairs.
    One more common causes of vertical
    diplopia is a palsy of cranial nerve
    IV (trochlear nerve). Most such
    palsies have traumatic or idiopathic

    CN I (Optic Nerve)- transmits


    visual information to the brain
    CN III (Oculomotor Nerve)innervates superior rectus,
    medial rectus, inferior rectus,
    and inferior oblique.
    CN VI (Abducens Nerve)innervates lateral rectus,
    responsible for eye abduction.
    Medial longitudinal
    fasciculus- lesion is associated
    with internuclear

    QUESTION 2

    2. A patient presents to the


    emergency room complaining of
    worsening headaches, confusion, and
    intermittent vomiting. She is
    admitted, but lates dies in the
    hospital. Examination of the brain at
    autopsy shows enlargement of the
    lateral and third ventricles and a
    normal-sized fourth ventricle. Where
    is the most likely site of obstruction
    in a.
    this
    patient?
    Interventricular
    foramina of Monro
    b. Cerebral aqueduct
    c. Medial foramen of Magendie
    d. Lateral foramina of Luschka
    e. Arachnoid villi

    Answer:

    B. Cerebral Aqueduct
    The patient had findings
    consistent with
    noncommunicating
    hydrocephalus resulting from
    obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid
    flow at the cerebral aqueduct

    CSF Flow
    1. Lateral ventricles
    2. Interventricular
    foramen of Monro
    3. Third ventricle
    4. Cerebral aqueduct
    of Sylvius
    5. Fourth ventricle
    6. Lateral foramina of
    Luschka or the
    Medial foramen of
    Magendie

    QUESTION 3

    3. A 45 year old woman is suffering


    from numbness over the tip of her
    nose. Which of the following nerves
    is most likely to be damaged?
    a. Opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
    b. Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
    c. Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
    d. Facial nerve
    e. Auriculotemporal nerve

    Answer:

    A. Opthalmic division of
    the trigeminal nerve
    The skin over the tip of the nose is
    innervated by the external nasal
    branch of the nasociliary nerve of
    the branch of the ophthalmic
    division of the trigeminal nerve

    Maxillary division- innervates skin of the


    face above the upper lip but below the lower
    eyelid.
    Mandibular division- supplies the lower
    part of the face below the lower lip
    Facial nerve- provides no cutaneous
    sensation in the face but innervates the
    muscles of facial expression.
    Auriculotemporal nerve- branch of
    mandibular division of trigeminal nerve,
    innervates the sikin of the auricle and the
    scalp

    QUESTION 4

    4. A 14 year old boy hits his head on the


    asphalt road after falling off his
    skateboard. His radiograph reveals
    damage to the sella turcica. This is
    probably due to fracture of which of the
    following bones?
    a. Frontal bone
    b. Ethmoid bone
    c. Temporal bone
    d. Basioccipital bone
    e. Sphenoid bone

    Answer:

    E. Sphenoid bone
    The sella turcica is part of the sphenoid
    bone and lies superior to the sphenoid
    sinus. Therefore, none of the other bones
    listed is fractured.

    QUESTION 5

    5. The inability to perform rapidly


    alternating movements
    (dysdiadochokinesia) is associated
    with lesions of the
    a. Premotor cortex
    b. motor cortex
    c. Cerebellum
    d. substantia nigra
    e. medulla

    Answer:
    C. Cerebellum
    Coordination of movement (synergy) is the
    function of the cerebellum. Lesions of the
    cerebellum cause ataxia, lack of coordination, poor
    execution of movement, delay in initiation of
    movement, and inability to perform rapidly
    alternating movements. The premotor and motor
    cortices plan and execute movements. Lesions of
    the substantia nigra, a component of the basal
    ganglia, result in tremors, lead-pipe rigidity, and
    poor muscle tone (Parkinson disease).

    QUESTION 6

    6. A 58-year-old woman comes to a hospital


    and complains of progressive loss of voice,
    numbness, loss of taste on the back part of
    her tongue, and difficulty in shrugging her
    shoulders. Her MRI scan reveals a dural
    meningioma that compresses the nerves
    leaving the skull. These nerves leave the skull
    through which of the following openings?
    a. Foramen spinosum
    b. Foramen rotundum
    c. Internal auditory meatus
    d. Jugular foramen
    e. Foramen lacerum

    Answer:
    D. Jugular Foramen
    A loss of voice is due to an injury to the recurrent laryngeal
    nerve of the vagus nerve; numbness and loss of taste on the
    posterior part of the tongue is due to a lesion of the
    glossopharyngeal nerve; an inability to shrug the shoulder is
    due to damage of the accessory nerve. These three cranial
    nerves exit the skull through the jugular foramen.
    The foramen spinosum transmits the middle meningeal
    artery.
    The foramen rotundum transmits the maxillary division of
    the trigeminal nerve.
    The internal auditory meatus transmits the facial and
    vestibulocochlear nerves.
    The foramen lacerum transmits nothing, but its upper part is
    traversed by the internal carotid artery with sympathetic
    nerve plexus.

    QUESTION 7

    7. A 5-year-old male demonstrates persistent


    food-seeking behavior. He is obese, and his
    mother reports that he sometimes exhibits
    aggressive and bizarre behaviors. These
    clinical findings may be explained by a lesion
    in which of the following hypothalamic nuclei?
    a. Lateral
    b. Suprachiasmatic
    c. Supraoptic
    d. Anterior
    e. Ventromedial

    Answer:

    E. Ventromedial
    The bodys satiety center resides within
    the ventromedial nucleus of the
    hypothalamus. The neurons here detect
    blood glucose elevations and signal
    satiety in response. Bilateral lesions of
    the ventromedial nuclei cause
    hyperphagia and obesity. Lesions of
    the ventromedial nuclei are the cause of
    obesity in only exceedingly rare cases.

    Lateral nuclei- signal hunger


    Suprachiasmatic nuclei- located above the
    optic chiasm, receive visual input from the
    retina via the optic tract. Regulate circadian
    rhythms by relaying light information.
    Supraoptic and paraventricular nucleiproduce vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin
    which are carried down the axons to the
    posterior pituitary.
    Anterior hypothalamic nuclei- cools the
    body when temperature rises by stimulating
    the parasympathetic nervous system to
    produce vasodilation and sweating.

    QUESTION 8

    8. A 25-year-old man is involved in an


    automobile accident and slams his head into
    a concrete wall of a bridge. His computed
    tomography (CT) scan reveals that the middle
    meningeal artery has ruptured but the
    meninges remain intact. Blood leaking from
    this artery enters which of the following
    spaces?
    a. Subarachnoid space
    b. Subdural space
    c. Epidural space
    d. Subpial space
    e. Cranial dural sinuses

    Answer:
    C. Epidural Space
    Rupture of the middle meningeal artery in the
    cranial cavity causes an epidural hemorrhage.
    Subarachnoid hemorrhage is due to rupture of
    cerebral arteries and veins.
    Subdural hematoma is due to rupture of
    bridging cerebral veins as they pass from the
    brain surface into one of the venous sinuses.
    Subpial hemorrhage is due to damage to the
    small vessels of the pia and brain tissue.
    Cranial dural sinuses normally contain venous
    blood.

    QUESTION 9

    9. A 33-year-old woman develops Bells palsy.


    She must be cautious because this can result
    in corneal inflammation and subsequent
    ulceration. This symptom results from which
    of the following conditions?
    a. Sensory loss of the cornea and conjunctiva
    b. Lack of secretion of the parotid gland
    c. Absence of the corneal blink reflex
    d. Absence of sweating on the face
    e. Inability to constrict the pupil

    Answer:
    C. Absence of the corneal
    blink reflex
    Bells palsy (facial paralysis) can involve inflammation of the
    cornea, leading to corneal ulceration, which probably is
    attributable to an absence of the corneal blink reflex. This is
    due to paralysis of the orbicularis oculi, which closes the
    eyelid.
    Sensory loss of the cornea and conjunctiva is due to injury of
    the ophthalmic nerve.
    Lack of secretion of the parotid salivary gland is due to injury of
    the glossopharyngeal, tympanic, or lesser petrosal nerve.
    Absence of sweating is due to damage of the sympathetic
    nerve.
    Inability to constrict the pupil is due to paralysis of the sphincter
    pupillae or damage of parasympathetic nerve fibers to the
    sphincter.

    QUESTION 10

    10. From what part of the neural tube is the


    spinal cord derived?
    a. Anterior neuropore
    b. Caudal
    c. Cavity
    d. Cranial
    e. Posterior neuropore

    Answer:

    B. Caudal
    The spinal cord derives from the caudal part of
    the neural tube.
    The cranial part becomes the brain.
    The cavity gives rise to the central canal of
    the spinal cord and ventricles of the brain.
    The anterior neuropore is an opening in the
    neural tube that in the fourth week becomes
    the lamina terminalis.
    The posterior neuropore is a second opening
    in the neural tube that closes in the fourth week.

    QUESTION 11

    A 69-year old man presents with unilateral


    hearing loss. A lesion in which of the following
    structures could be responsible for this loss?
    A. Inferior colliculus
    B. Lateral lemniscus
    C. Medial Geniculate body
    D. Medial lemniscus
    E. Organ of corti
    F. Superior olivary nucleus

    E.
    Organ
    of
    corti
    Answer:

    QUESTION 12

    A 53-year-old woman is diagnosed as having


    a pituitary tumor. If the tumor is large
    enough, she could exhibit which of the
    following disorders?
    A. Blindness
    B. Bitemporal (heteronymous) hemianopia
    C. Right nasal hemianopia
    D. Left homonymous hemianopia
    E. Binasal hemianopia

    Answer:

    B. Bitemporal (heteronymous)
    hemianopia

    QUESTION 13

    A 20-year-old guard at the gate of the Royal Kings


    palace blinks his eyes when a strong wind hits the
    cornea of his eye. The afferent fibers of the corneal
    reflex arc are carried by which of the following
    nerves?
    A. Optic nerve
    B. Lacrimal nerve
    C. Nasociliary nerve
    D. Zygomatic nerve
    E. Oculomotor nerve

    Answer:

    C. Nasociliary nerve
    The answer is C. The afferent limb of the
    corneal reflex arc is the nasociliary
    nerve, and its efferent limb is the facial
    nerve. The other nerves are not involved in
    the reflex arc The opening of the eye is
    conducted by the occulomotor nerve, but it
    is not a part of the corneal reflex.

    QUESTION 14

    A 28-year-old woman comes to her family physician


    and complains of difficulty in swallowing. Further
    examination reveals that shehas no taste sensation of
    the posterior one-third of her tongue and a lack of
    secretion of the parotid gland. Which of the following
    would most likely cause this condition?
    A. Fracture of the mandibular canal
    B. Section of the zygomatic nerve
    C. Glossopharyngeal nerve injury
    D. Tumor in the pituitary gland
    E. Lesion of the hypoglossal nerve

    Answer:
    C. Glossopharyngeal nerve
    The answer is C.
    Glossopharyngeal nerve
    stylopharyngeus muscle,
    taste on posterior one-third of
    tongue and vallate papillae;
    parasympathetic nerve to otic
    ganglion [parotid gland];
    external ear.

    QUESTION 15

    Which of the following responses is


    mediated by parasympathetic muscarinic
    receptors?
    A. Dilation of bronchiolar smooth muscle
    B. Erection
    C. Ejaculation
    D. Constriction of GI sphincters
    E. Increased cardiac contractility

    Answer:

    B. Erection
    Erection is a parasympathetic
    muscarinic response.
    Dilation of bronchioles,
    ejaculation, constriction of GI
    sphincters, and increased cardiac
    motility are all Sympatheticalpha & beta responses.

    THANK YOU!
    LABYU!

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