Body Mass Index

BODY MASS
INDEX
(B.M.I.)
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a rough measure of

body composition that is
useful for classifying the
health risks of body weight
It is also based on the

concept that a persons
weight should be
proportional to height.
BMI is calculated by
dividing your body weight
(expressed in kilograms)
by the square of your
height (expressed in
meters).
Weight: in kilograms (kg)

Height: in meter (m/cm)
BMI = weight (kg)
2
2
height (m)
Classification BMI
Underweight
<18.5
Normal
18.524.9
Overweight
25.029.9
Obesity (I)
30.034.9
Obesity (II)
35.039.9
Extreme Obesity (III)
40.0
Lifestyle
The way in which an

individual lives is called
lifestyle.
This includes the typical

patterns of an individuals
behavior like everyday
routine at home, in school, or
at work; eating, sleeping, and
exercise habits, and many
others.
These patterns of
behavior are related to
elevated or reduced
health risk
Managing your lifestyle

entails making modifications
in your routine especially in
those aspects that elevate
health risks.
Aspects of Lifestyle to be
Improved to be healthy:
OFood choice
OPhysical activity
OEating habits
Variables That Could

Improve Healthy Lifestyle
ONutrition
OBody Weight
OPhysical Activity
OHealth Habits
Risk Factors That Could

Affect Lifestyle
O Hypertension / high blood
pressure
O Overweight and obesity
O High levels of stress
Risk Factors That Could

Affect Lifestyle
O Lack of exercise and sedentary
lifestyle
O Smoking
O Unhealthy dietary practices
O Alcohol consumption
An unhealthy lifestyle
brings with it certain
diseases that can shorten
your lifespan.
Non-Communicable
Diseases (NCDs)
O Diseases that are not transmitted
from person to person; also called

chronic diseases
O They are of long duration, and are
generally of slow progression.
Four Main Types of NCDs

1. Cardiovascular Diseases (Heart
Enlargement And Hypertension)

2. Cancer
3. Chronic Respiratory Diseases
(Pulmonary Disease and Asthma)
4. Diabetes
Weight
Management
Weight Gain
O energy consumed is greater
than energy expended

O more food intake but less
physical exertion
Weight Loss
O energy consumed is less
than energy expended

O more physical exertion but
less food intake
Weight Maintenance
O energy consumed equals
energy expended
O physical exertion is the same
with food intake
Energy Balance
OCrucial to keep a healthy ratio of fat
and lean body mass

OEnergy (calories)
OConsumption or expenditure of
calories
OControl over intake of calories
23
24
Evaluating Body Weight and Body

Composition
OPercent body fat and distribution of body fat =
weather a change on body composition

would improve health.
O Overweight
O Obesity
O Height-Weight charts
O Body Mass Index (BMI)

O Body Composition
25
The Health Risks of Excess Body Fat

OObese individuals have a mortality rate twice
that of non-obese
O Associated with: diabetes, elevated cholesterol levels,
impaired heart function, hypertension and cancer

O Psychological health: depression, body dissatisfaction
and eating disorders
OBody Fat distribution and Health

O Apples
O Pears
26
Body Image
OCollective picture of the body as seen
through the minds eye.

OPerceptions
OImages
OThoughts
OAttitudes
OEmotions
27
Factors Contributing To Excess Body Fat

OGenetic Factors
OPhysiological Factors
OMetabolism (RMR)
OHormones
OFat Cells
OCarbohydrate Craving
28
Factors Contributing To Excess Body Fat
OLifestyle Factors
OEating
OPhysical Activity
OPsychosocial
29
Adopting A Healthy Lifestyle For

Successful Weight Management
ONormal body weight
ODiet and Eating Habits

O Total Calories
O1600 calories - Sedentary women and older adults
O2200 calories - Children, teenage girls, active
women, and sedentary men
O2800 calories - Teenage boys, active men, and very
active women.
30
Adopting A Healthy Lifestyle For

Successful Weight Management
OPortion Sizes
OEnergy (calorie) Density

OFat Calories
OComplex Carbohydrates
OSimple Sugars and Refined Carbohydrates

OProtein
OEating Habits
31
Physical Activity and Exercise

OMuscles needing energy.
ONot anaerobic only burns simple sugars.
OAerobic burns more of the fat.
OMust last 15-30 minutes.
OUse all major muscle groups.
OGradually increase time of
endurance activities.
32
Adopting a Healthy Lifestyle

OThinking and Emotions
OCoping strategies
33
Creating an Individual Weight

Management Program
O Assess your motivation and commitment.
O Set a weight loss goal that is healthy and
reasonable.
O Create a negative energy balance.
O Increase your level of physical activity.
O Make changes in your diet and eating habits.
O Keep records of your weight and behavior change
progress.
34
Overcoming a Weight Problem

OSelf- Help programs.
OPrescription Drugs
OSurgery
Liposuction)
(Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass,
OPsychological Help
35
Eating Disorders
OAnorexia Nervosa - Failure to eat enough
food to maintain a reasonable body

weight.
OCharacteristics
OFear gaining weight.
ODistorted self-image.
OCompulsive behaviors and rituals.
36
Eating Disorders
OBulimia Nervosa - recurring episodes of
binge eating followed by purging.

OCharacteristics
ORapidly consumes food, then purges.

O Done in secret.
OAfter a binge - feels ashamed, disgusted
and physically and emotional drained.
37
Eating Disorders
OBinge-Eating - Similar to Bulimia
except no Purging behavior.
OEating patterns - very rapid, eating
until uncomfortably full.

OOften eat as a way of coping.
OLikely to be obese.
38
Health Risk
Anorexia
O AMENORRHEA
O LOW BLOOD PRESURE AND
HEART RATE
O DRY SKIN AND FINE BODY
HAIR
O DISORDERS OF THE
CARDIO, GASTRO,AND
ENDOCRINE
Bulimia
O CHRONIC HOARSENESS
O ESOPHAGEAL TEARS
O TOOTH DECAY
O CARDIA ARRHYTHMIA
O ABNORMAL MENSE
39
Thank You
40

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BODY MASS

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a rough measure of

It is also based on the

Weight: in kilograms (kg)

The way in which an

This includes the typical

Managing your lifestyle

Variables That Could

Risk Factors That Could

Risk Factors That Could

from person to person; also called

Four Main Types of NCDs

Enlargement And Hypertension)

than energy expended

than energy expended

and lean body mass

Evaluating Body Weight and Body

weather a change on body composition

O Body Mass Index (BMI)

The Health Risks of Excess Body Fat

O Associated with: diabetes, elevated cholesterol levels,

impaired heart function, hypertension and cancer

OBody Fat distribution and Health

through the minds eye.

Factors Contributing To Excess Body Fat

Factors Contributing To Excess Body Fat

Adopting A Healthy Lifestyle For

ODiet and Eating Habits

Adopting A Healthy Lifestyle For

OEnergy (calorie) Density

OSimple Sugars and Refined Carbohydrates

Physical Activity and Exercise

Adopting a Healthy Lifestyle

Creating an Individual Weight

Overcoming a Weight Problem

food to maintain a reasonable body

OFear gaining weight.

OCompulsive behaviors and rituals.

binge eating followed by purging.

ORapidly consumes food, then purges.

OAfter a binge - feels ashamed, disgusted

and physically and emotional drained.

except no Purging behavior.

OEating patterns - very rapid, eating

until uncomfortably full.

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