This presentation provides an overview of solar water heaters. It discusses the objectives of understanding different types of solar water heaters and their technologies. The main types are passive and active systems. Passive systems use natural processes like conduction and convection without pumps, while active systems use pumps to transport heated fluid away from collectors. Common technologies are flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, and integral collector-storage systems. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in renewable energy but weaknesses in high costs. Solar water heaters can reduce emissions and energy costs while helping energy conservation and climate change issues.
This presentation provides an overview of solar water heaters. It discusses the objectives of understanding different types of solar water heaters and their technologies. The main types are passive and active systems. Passive systems use natural processes like conduction and convection without pumps, while active systems use pumps to transport heated fluid away from collectors. Common technologies are flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, and integral collector-storage systems. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in renewable energy but weaknesses in high costs. Solar water heaters can reduce emissions and energy costs while helping energy conservation and climate change issues.
This presentation provides an overview of solar water heaters. It discusses the objectives of understanding different types of solar water heaters and their technologies. The main types are passive and active systems. Passive systems use natural processes like conduction and convection without pumps, while active systems use pumps to transport heated fluid away from collectors. Common technologies are flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, and integral collector-storage systems. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in renewable energy but weaknesses in high costs. Solar water heaters can reduce emissions and energy costs while helping energy conservation and climate change issues.
This presentation provides an overview of solar water heaters. It discusses the objectives of understanding different types of solar water heaters and their technologies. The main types are passive and active systems. Passive systems use natural processes like conduction and convection without pumps, while active systems use pumps to transport heated fluid away from collectors. Common technologies are flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, and integral collector-storage systems. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in renewable energy but weaknesses in high costs. Solar water heaters can reduce emissions and energy costs while helping energy conservation and climate change issues.
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Presentation on Solar Water Heater
By Santosh Thapa 072MSREE517
Objectives: Main Objective: To know about solar water heater
Specific Objective: To know about different types of solar water heater , existing technologies, financial, SWOT analysis ,environmental effect etc.
Introduction Solar water heaters were developed some two hundred years ago. The first known flat plate collector was made by H.B. de Sausurre, a Swiss. Used for heating the water, for producing the steam for domestic and industrial purposes by utilizing the solar energy. heapest and most easily affordable clean energy . Expose a dark surface to solar radiation so that the radiation is absorbed. A part of the absorbed radiation is then transferred to a fluid like air or water. Consists 3 parts which are Heat collection system, heat storage system and auxiliary heating system
Working principle of solar water heater
A solar water heater is an array of solar collector to collect solar energy and an insulated tank to store hot water. Both are connected to each other. During the day time, water in solar collectors get heated which is either pumped or flown automatically on thermo-siphon principle to the storage tank. Hot water then stored in the tank can be used for various applications.
Types: Passive system: There are no pumps used in the operation. The collector is close to the area where heat is stored or required. Natural process such as conduction, convection and radiation are used to transfer heat . cheaper than active systems. example is a thermo-siphon solar water heater system
Active system: The energy is used or stored in a location away from the surface being heated by the sun. Pump or fans are used to transport the fluid heated by the collector to the storage unit and sometimes from the storage unit to the load. A common example is solar pool heating system.
Existing technology Existing technology of solar water heater are a) Flat-plate collector based SWH technology. b) Evacuated tube collector(ETC) based SWH technology. c) Integral collector-storage SWH technology.
a) Flat-plate collector based technology:
Fig: Front view of FPC
Fig: Side view of FPC
The solar radiation is absorbed by flat plate collectors which consist
of an insulated outer metallic box covered on the top with glass sheet. Inside there are black metallic absorber(selectively coated) sheets with built in channel or riser tubes to carry water. The absorber absorbs the solar radiation and transfer the heat to the flowing water. The flat-plate collector is the important type of solar collector because it is simple in design, has no moving parts and requires little maintenance. It can be used for a variety of applications in which temperatures ranging from 40C to about 100C are required.
b) Evacuated tube collector based technology:
Evacuated tube collector is made of double layer
borosilicate glass tubes evacuated for providing insulation. Each tube contains a glass outer tube and metal absorber tube attached to a fin. The fins coating absorbs solar energy but inhibits radiative heat loss Evacuated-tube collectors generally have a smaller solar collecting surface because this surface must be encased by an evacuated glass tube.
c) Integral collector-storage system
Other solar water heating systems the collector and storage
tank are separate components. In an integral collector storage (ICS) system, both collection and solar storage are combined within a single unit. The entire unit is exposed to solar energy throughout the day. The resulting water is drawn off either directly to the service location or as replacement hot water to an auxiliary storage tank as water is drawn for use.
Installation setup
Strength
SWOT Analysis
source of energy is never ending
totally pollution free can be utilized for different purpose like bathing , cooking, drying , washing etc . easy to operate minimum working expenditure saves fossil fuel and electricity cost A 100 liters capacity solar water heater saves 1500 units of electricity annually. A solar water heater of 100 liters capacity can prevent emission of 1.5 tons of CO2 per year. Weakness
back-up is needed in cloudy day
initial investment is high not yet taken on priority list Not much tracking or monitoring of systems at present suitable storage tank is needed for using on no sunshine hours. the legal, technical and economical conditions are not yet completely defined.
Opportunity vast opportunity for expansion in many use. pollution free unstable access to fossil fuel adequate technology for local market increasing price of energy
Threats threat from oil lobby threat from coal lobby low demand fluctuation due to weather may discourage consumers insufficient government support
Financial analysis Financial analysis is required while taking purchase decisions of solar water heater
Factors used for financial analysis are interest
rate, inflation rate, unit cost of electricity/fuel rate, operation and maintenance cost and solar water heater service life.
Payback periods 1) when electricity is replaced: payback period = 2 to 4 years 2) when coal is replaced: payback period = 5 to 6 years
Comparison of cost between FTC and ETC type
SWH FPC 125 LPD Rs)
(IC
ETC 130 LPD (IC Rs)
Initial cost
25000
20165
Installation cost
3000
3000
One time maintenance cost
1000
1000
Operational expenditure/year
Related Organizations National Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC) Centre for Renewable Technology (CRT) Other private companies like Lotus Energy, Gham Power, Sipradi Energy, etc.
International International Renewable Energy Agency (IREA), etc.
Role on Energy Conservation and Climate change issues
Renewable Energy Source
No Carbon Emission A SWH of 100 liters capacity can prevent emission pf 1.5 tones of CO2 per year Decrease the use of fuels to generate electricity or direct use. Reduce Green house gases
Conclusions Renewable Energy with no harmful emissions Free and abundant source of energy High starting cost and unaffordable by medium class people
