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    Introduction To Concrete Technology

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    Savitha Pradeep
    This document provides an introduction to concrete, including its history, composition, and properties. Some key points: - Concrete forms the basis for modern infrastructure like roads, buildings, and bridges. It has roots in ancient Roman structures. - Concrete is a composite material consisting mainly of aggregates (sand and stone), cement binder, and water. It can be cast into various shapes and its properties tailored to requirements. - Portland cement is the most common type of cement and involves heating limestone, clay, and gypsum to form clinker that is then ground into a powder. When mixed with water, it undergoes hydration and hardens to bind the concrete components together.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Introduction To Concrete Technology

    Uploaded by

    Savitha Pradeep
    386 views23 pages
    This document provides an introduction to concrete, including its history, composition, and properties. Some key points: - Concrete forms the basis for modern infrastructure like roads, buildings, and bridges. It has roots in ancient Roman structures. - Concrete is a composite material consisting mainly of aggregates (sand and stone), cement binder, and water. It can be cast into various shapes and its properties tailored to requirements. - Portland cement is the most common type of cement and involves heating limestone, clay, and gypsum to form clinker that is then ground into a powder. When mixed with water, it undergoes hydration and hardens to bind the concrete components together.

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    Introduction to concrete technology basics

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    Introduction to concrete technology

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    This document provides an introduction to concrete, including its history, composition, and properties. Some key points: - Concrete forms the basis for modern infrastructure like roads, buildings, and bridges. It has roots in ancient Roman structures. - Concrete is a composite material consisting mainly of aggregates (sand and stone), cement binder, and water. It can be cast into various shapes and its properties tailored to requirements. - Portland cement is the most common type of cement and involves heating limestone, clay, and gypsum to form clinker that is then ground into a powder. When mixed with water, it undergoes hydration and hardens to bind the concrete components together.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    386 views23 pages

    Introduction To Concrete Technology

    Uploaded by

    Savitha Pradeep
    This document provides an introduction to concrete, including its history, composition, and properties. Some key points: - Concrete forms the basis for modern infrastructure like roads, buildings, and bridges. It has roots in ancient Roman structures. - Concrete is a composite material consisting mainly of aggregates (sand and stone), cement binder, and water. It can be cast into various shapes and its properties tailored to requirements. - Portland cement is the most common type of cement and involves heating limestone, clay, and gypsum to form clinker that is then ground into a powder. When mixed with water, it undergoes hydration and hardens to bind the concrete components together.

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    Introduction to Concrete

    Prepared by:
    Marcia C. Belcher
    Construction Engineering Technology

    Concrete As A Material
    Concrete, literally, forms the basis our
    modern life:

    Roadways/transportation systems
    Airstrips
    Infrastructure (bridges, dams, buildings)
    Harbor protection (breakwalls)
    Water distribution (pipes & conduit)

    Concrete has deep roots in history:


    Wall at Palestrina, Italy, 1st Century BC

    Roman Aqueduct & Pantheon

    Concrete
    The word concrete originates from the
    Latin verb concretus, which means to
    grow together.

    Advantage of Concrete
    We have the ability to cast desired shapes
    Arches, piers, columns, shells

    Properties can be tailored according to need (strength, durability, etc.)


    Ability to resist high temperatures
    Will maintain structural integrity far longer than structural steel

    Does not require protective coatings


    Can be an architectural & structural member at the same time

    Sculptural Qualities of Concrete at Chapel


    at Ronchamp (France)

    Concrete Structural
    Frame
    City of Arts and Sciences,
    Valencia, Spain

    Properties of Quality Concrete

    Workability
    Durability
    Strength
    Chloride Penetration Resistance
    Abrasion Resistance

    The Nature of Concrete


    It is a composite material
    Aggregates are 65% - 80% of the volume
    Fine aggregate: sand
    Coarse aggregate: stone

    Cement: General term & applies to any binder

    Water

    Portland cement
    fly ash
    ground slag
    silica fume

    Concrete Microstructure

    The Purpose Of The Aggregates


    Large aggregates:
    provide density (fill space)
    provide strength

    Fine aggregates:
    fill small voids between large
    aggregates
    Increases strength of the cement
    binder

    The Cement Matrix


    Cement:
    produces a crystalline structure
    binds aggregates together

    Water
    causes chemical reaction to occur
    water/cementitious react
    produces workability

    What is Portland Cement?


    Raw limestone, clay & gypsum minerals are
    ground into powder & heated in kiln
    (1600 C)
    Minerals interact at that temperature to form
    calcium silicates (clinker)

    Available in five types, each with varying


    performance characteristics and uses

    Portland Cement Manufacturing


    Process

    Clinker

    Hydration
    Portland cement becomes cementitious when mixed with
    water
    This reaction is referred to as hydration.
    During hydration, a crystalline structure grows to form
    bonds
    Hydration begins as soon as water meets cement
    Rate of hydration increases with increased cement fineness

    In Fact.
    Concrete does not gain strength by drying
    out
    Concrete must have continuous free access
    to water to achieve its ultimate strength!!

    Air Entrainment Admixtures


    All concrete containes entrapped air
    Large bubbles
    Large voids are undesirable for durability &
    permeability

    Entrained air
    Bubbles are microscopic in size & distributed
    through out concrete
    Increases durability by providing escape
    route for freezing water as it expands

    Entrapped Air Voids

    Entrained Air

    When Do We Use Air Entrained


    Concrete?
    Concrete to be placed in exterior locations
    requires air entraining (water/freeze/thaw)

    Water Reducers (Super-Plasticizers)


    Increases viscosity
    Water can be reduced
    Results in higher strength and more durable
    concrete due to reduced water

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