Theories of Exchange Rate
Theories of Exchange Rate
Theories of Exchange Rate
Mishu Agarwal
Lecturer- AKGIM
Introduction
The phenomenon of exchange rates
movement is an important issue in
international finance and managers of
multinational firms, international investors,
importers and exporters and government
officials attach enormous importance to it.
Theories of Exchange Rate
The three theories of exchange rate
determination are-
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), which links
spot exchange rates to nations’ price levels.
The Interest Rate Parity (IRP), which links
spot exchange rates, forward exchange rates
and nominal interest rates.
The International Fisher Effect (IFE) which
links exchange rates to nations’ nominal
interest rate levels.
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
Interest rate party Forward rate Interest differential The forward rate of one currency with
(IRP) premium (or respect to another will contain a premium
discount) (or discount) that is determined by the
differential in interest rates between the two
countries. As a result, covered interest
arbitrage will provide a return that is no
higher than a domestic return.
Purchasing Power Percentage change Inflation rate The spot rate of one currency with respect to
Parity (PPP) in spot exchange differential another will change in reaction to the
rate differential in inflation rates between the two
countries. Consequently, the purchasing
power for consumers when purchasing goods
in their own country will be similar to their
purchasing power when importing goods
from the foreign country.
International Fisher Percentage change Interest rate differential The spot rate of one currency with respect to
Effect (IFE) in spot exchange another will change in accordance with the
rate differential in interest rates between the two
countries. Consequently, the return on
uncovered foreign money market securities
will, on an average, be no higher than the
return on domestic money market securities
from the perspective of investors in the home
country.