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    Business Ethics1

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    priyam roy
    The document discusses business ethics and moral standards. It provides definitions of ethics as moral philosophy and principles of conduct. It summarizes a study that found people define ethics based on feelings, religious beliefs, or the Golden Rule. The document then discusses the origins and development of moral standards, coming from family, society and experiences. It outlines Lawrence Kohlberg's three levels of moral development and Carol Gilligan's perspective on an ethic of care. Finally, it states that the purpose of ethics is to study and judge human behavior, establish moral norms, judge behaviors against those norms, prescribe moral behavior, and express opinions about issues like human rights.

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    Business Ethics1

    Uploaded by

    priyam roy
    42 views12 pages
    The document discusses business ethics and moral standards. It provides definitions of ethics as moral philosophy and principles of conduct. It summarizes a study that found people define ethics based on feelings, religious beliefs, or the Golden Rule. The document then discusses the origins and development of moral standards, coming from family, society and experiences. It outlines Lawrence Kohlberg's three levels of moral development and Carol Gilligan's perspective on an ethic of care. Finally, it states that the purpose of ethics is to study and judge human behavior, establish moral norms, judge behaviors against those norms, prescribe moral behavior, and express opinions about issues like human rights.

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    The document discusses business ethics and moral standards. It provides definitions of ethics as moral philosophy and principles of conduct. It summarizes a study that found people define ethics based on feelings, religious beliefs, or the Golden Rule. The document then discusses the origins and development of moral standards, coming from family, society and experiences. It outlines Lawrence Kohlberg's three levels of moral development and Carol Gilligan's perspective on an ethic of care. Finally, it states that the purpose of ethics is to study and judge human behavior, establish moral norms, judge behaviors against those norms, prescribe moral behavior, and express opinions about issues like human rights.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    42 views12 pages

    Business Ethics1

    Uploaded by

    priyam roy
    The document discusses business ethics and moral standards. It provides definitions of ethics as moral philosophy and principles of conduct. It summarizes a study that found people define ethics based on feelings, religious beliefs, or the Golden Rule. The document then discusses the origins and development of moral standards, coming from family, society and experiences. It outlines Lawrence Kohlberg's three levels of moral development and Carol Gilligan's perspective on an ethic of care. Finally, it states that the purpose of ethics is to study and judge human behavior, establish moral norms, judge behaviors against those norms, prescribe moral behavior, and express opinions about issues like human rights.

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    of 12

    BUSINESS ETHICS

    RAYMOND BAUMHART’S
    STUDY
    What does ethical mean to you ?

    50% - “What my feelings tell me is right”.

    25% - What is “according to my religious


    beliefs”.
    18% - What “conforms to the Golden Rule”
    ACCORDING TO DICTIONARY
    Ethics means
     Moral Philosophy, Moral Principles
     The Principles of conduct governing an
    individual or a group
     The study of morality

    Etymologically
    Ethics, in Latin Ethicus and
    in Greek Ethikos has come from the
    word Ethos meaning Character, Home
    place, Accustomed place.
    WHAT IS CHARACTER ?
    Character – is expressed in terms of conduct
    Conduct is a series of actions taken together
    When these actions are expressed as good-bad, right-
    wrong, moral-immoral – we are making moral
    judgments

    Moral judgment requires moral standards.

    We can define morality, as the standard that an


    individual or a group has about what is right or
    wrong, good or evil.
    WHERE DO THESE STANDARDS
    COME FROM ?
    From
    - Family, friends, various societal influences
    - Experiences, learning and intellectual development leads
    to
    Internalize
    Revise
    Discard
    Adopt
    - Maturing process may lead to develop standards that are
    intellectually adequate and more suitable for dealing with
    moral dilemmas of adult life.
    Whatever we say for an individual is true also for society in
    time cross-fertilization and rejection or absorption of
    values.
    3 LEVELS OF MORAL
    DEVELOPMENT
    Lawrence Kohlberg’s
    LEVEL-I
    Pre-Conventional
    Stage I - Punishment and Obedience Orientation
    Stage II - Instrumental and Relative Orientation

    LEVEL- II
    Conventional
    Stage III - Interpersonal Concordance Orientation
    Stage IV - Law and Order Orientation

    LEVEL- III
    Post Convention, Autonomous or Principled Stages
    Stage V - Social Contract Orientation
    Stage VI - Universal Ethical Principles Orientation
    NATURE, CHARACTERISTICS OF
    MORAL STANDARDS
    1. Moral standards deal with matters that we think
    can seriously injure or seriously benefit human
    beings.
    2. Not established or changed by decision of
    particular authority but adequacy of reason
    that is taken to support and justify them.
    3. They take precedence over other non-moral
    values, even self-interest.
    4. Based on impartial consideration-universal.
    5. Associated with special emotions and
    vocabulary
    WHAT, THEN, IS ETHICS ?
    A Discipline that examines one’s moral
    standards or the moral standards of a society
    how they apply to our lives.
    NATURE OF ETHICS

    - For Human Beings


    - It is a Science
    - It is normative Science, not descriptive,
    not as it is but as it ought to be.
    - Ought to be does not force but is
    voluntary.
    Carol Gilligan’s Female Approach
    “Web” of Relationships
    I – Caring only for herself
    II – Caring for others, neglecting herself
    III – Balance between caring for others and
    caring for oneself
    PURPOSE OF ETHICS
    1. Studies, judges Human Behaviour of self,
    others, society
    2. Establishes Moral Standards, Norms
    3. Judges Human Behaviours based on these
    norms
    4. Prescribes Moral Behaviour, what ought to
    be
    5. Expresses opinion about Human Behaviour
    like Human Rights
    WHAT IS THE PURPOSE
    OF ETHICS
    FOR US ?

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