t1 SBST1303

SBST1303
ELEMENTARY STATISTICS
TUTORIAL 1
TOPIC 1
Data classifications
Nominal Data
Ordinal Data
Discrete Data
Continuous data
TOPIC 2
Frequency Distribution Table
Relative Frequency Distribution
Cumulative Frequency Distribution
TOPIC 3
Bar Chart
Multiple bar Chart
Pie Chart
Histogram
Frequency Polygon
Cumulative Frequency Polygon
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Identify types of data; whether qualitative or
quantitative, nominal or ordinal and discrete or
continuous.
Develop frequency distribution table, relative
frequency distribution table and cumulative
frequency distribution table.
Prepare bar chart, multiple bar chart and pie
chart.
Prepare histogram, frequency polygon and
cumulative frequency polygon.
CLASSIFICATION OF VARIABLE
STATISTICAL VARIABLE
QUANTITATIVE
DISCRETE
CONTINUOUS
QUALITATIVE/CATEGORICAL
NOMINAL
LEVEL/ORDERED
ORDINAL
RANK
Tutorial Question 1
State whether the following statements is TRUE or
FALSE
a) The number of cars is a discrete quantitative
variable.
b) Marital status is an ordinal data.
c) The rate of employment in Malaysia is a
continuous data.
d) Grade of examination is rank ordinal data.
Question 1 (Solution )
State whether the following statements is TRUE
or FALSE
a) The number of cars is a discrete quantitative
variable.
b) Marital status is an ordinal data.
c) The rate of employment in Malaysia is a
continuous data.
d) Grade of examination is rank ordinal data.
Tutorial Question 2
State whether the following data is nominal or ordinal
a
b
c
d
Data
Blood types
Degree of agreement
Brands of tablet
computers
Lecturers qualification
Variable
Question 2 (Solution )
State whether the following data is nominal or ordinal
a
b
c
d
Data
Blood types
Degree of agreement
Brands of tablet
computers
Lecturers qualification
Variable
nominal
ordinal
nominal
ordinal
DISPLAY DATA
TABULAR FORM
Data are presented in the form of a
table. There are two types of table.
There are table for ungrouped data and
for grouped data.
GRAPHICAL FORM
Data are also presented in the form of
graphic. For categorical data, there are
the pie chart and bar chart. For ratio
data there are the histogram and
ogives.
TYPE OF DATA
The basic form of data are
1.Raw data
Raw data are small data set. Data set must be arrange
in order or rank it to facilitate further analysis.
2.Ungrouped tabular data

This form of data produces actual and more accurate
statistical analysis. Appropriate for qualitative data
and quantitative data with small range.
3.Grouped tabular data

This form of data produces an estimate from its
statistical analysis.
Frequency Distribution Table

Grouped Data
class
21 30
31 40
41 50
51 60
61 70
71 80
81 90
91 100
total
f(x)
4
9
16
20
17
14
12
8
100
Relative Frequency Distribution Table

Class
21 30
31 40
41 50
51 60
61 70
71 80
81 90
91 100
total
f(x)
4
9
16
20
17
14
12
8
100
Relative (%)
4
9
16
20
17
14
12
8
100
Frequency Distribution Table - Boundaries

class
f(x)
21 30
31 40
41 50
51 60
61 70
71 80
81 90
91 100
total
4
9
16
20
17
14
12
8
100
Lower
Boundary
20.5
30.5
40.5
50.5
60.5
70.5
80.5
90.5
Upper
Boundary
30.5
40.5
50.5
60.5
70.5
80.5
90.5
100.5
Frequency Distribution Table Class Mark

class
f(x)
21 30
31 40
41 50
51 60
61 70
71 80
81 90
91 100
total
4
9
16
20
17
14
12
8
100
Lower
Upper
Boundary Boundary
20.5
30.5
30.5
40.5
40.5
50.5
50.5
60.5
60.5
70.5
70.5
80.5
80.5
90.5
90.5
100.5
Class
Mark
25.5
35.5
45.5
55.5
65.5
75.5
85.5
95.5
Cumulative Frequency Distribution Table

class
10 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
51 60
61 70
71 80
81 90
91 100
total
f(x)
0
4
9
16
20
17
14
12
8
100
Less than
20.5
30.5
40.5
50.5
60.5
70.5
80.5
90.5
100.5
Class Mark
15.5
25.5
35.5
45.5
55.5
65.5
75.5
85.5
95.5
F(x)
0
4
13
29
49
66
80
92
100
Bar Charts
By multiple
barsdiagramtwo or More
sets of inter-related data
arerepresented(multiple
bardiagramfacilities
comparisonbetween more
than one phenomena).
Pie Chart
Histogram
Frequency Polygon
Construct a histogram from the frequency distribution of 80

professors and their years of teaching experience
Teaching Experience
Freq
04
16
59
21
10 14
12
15 19
11
20 24
10
25 29
30 34
CONSTRUCTION OF
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
TABLE
1.Determine the range of the data set.

2.Determine the approximate number of classes.
(use the empirical formula : K = 1 + 3.3log n)
3.Determine the class width and class limits.
4.Determine the class mark and class boundaries.
5.Determine the frequency for each class.
Frequency distribution table

class boundary
freq
0 - 4.5
16
4.5 - 9.5
21
9.5 - 14.5
12
14.5 - 19.5
11
19.5 - 24.5
10
24.5 - 29.5
29.5 - 34.5
Histogram
25
21
20
15
16
12
10
11
10
8
2
0
0 - 4.5
4.5 - 9.5
9.5 - 14.5
14.5 - 19.5
19.5 - 24.5
24.5 - 29.5
29.5 - 34.5

t1 SBST1303

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

t1 SBST1303

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

t1 SBST1303

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SBST1303

2.Ungrouped tabular data

3.Grouped tabular data

Frequency Distribution Table

Relative Frequency Distribution Table

Frequency Distribution Table - Boundaries

Frequency Distribution Table Class Mark

Cumulative Frequency Distribution Table

Cumulative Frequency Polygon

Cumulative Frequency Polygon

Construct a histogram from the frequency distribution of 80

1.Determine the range of the data set.

Frequency distribution table

You might also like