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    Birdwatching

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    deborshee05
    This document provides an overview of birdwatching as a hobby. It begins by defining birdwatching as the observation of birds for recreational purposes using binoculars or telescopes. The document then discusses the history of birdwatching, noting that it originated in the 19th century and spread worldwide following advances in optics. It also covers the basics of how to birdwatch, including necessary equipment like binoculars and field guides. Key birdwatching locations mentioned are wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Northeast India. The document concludes with dos and don'ts for responsible birdwatching.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Birdwatching

    Uploaded by

    deborshee05
    186 views38 pages
    This document provides an overview of birdwatching as a hobby. It begins by defining birdwatching as the observation of birds for recreational purposes using binoculars or telescopes. The document then discusses the history of birdwatching, noting that it originated in the 19th century and spread worldwide following advances in optics. It also covers the basics of how to birdwatch, including necessary equipment like binoculars and field guides. Key birdwatching locations mentioned are wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Northeast India. The document concludes with dos and don'ts for responsible birdwatching.

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    This document provides an overview of birdwatching as a hobby. It begins by defining birdwatching as the observation of birds for recreational purposes using binoculars or telescopes. The document then discusses the history of birdwatching, noting that it originated in the 19th century and spread worldwide following advances in optics. It also covers the basics of how to birdwatch, including necessary equipment like binoculars and field guides. Key birdwatching locations mentioned are wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Northeast India. The document concludes with dos and don'ts for responsible birdwatching.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    186 views38 pages

    Birdwatching

    Uploaded by

    deborshee05
    This document provides an overview of birdwatching as a hobby. It begins by defining birdwatching as the observation of birds for recreational purposes using binoculars or telescopes. The document then discusses the history of birdwatching, noting that it originated in the 19th century and spread worldwide following advances in optics. It also covers the basics of how to birdwatch, including necessary equipment like binoculars and field guides. Key birdwatching locations mentioned are wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Northeast India. The document concludes with dos and don'ts for responsible birdwatching.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 38

    Birdwatching

    Deborshee
    Gogoi
    Assistant Professor,
    Deptt. Of Management
    Digboi College

    What is Birding?
    Why Birdwatching?
    Birds an
    Introduction?
    How to do
    Birdwatching?
    Where to do Birding?
    Dos & Donts in
    Birding?
    Photo gallery

    Birdwatching/ Birding- What?

    Birdwatching or birding is the observation of birds


    as a recreational activity. It can be done with the
    naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like
    binoculars and telescopes, or by listening for bird
    sounds.

    Birding and birdwatching is quite


    Birding: A hobby in which individuals enjoy the challenge of bird
    different?
    study, listing, or other general
    activities involving bird life.
    Birdwatching: Refers to watching birds for any reason at all, and
    should not be used to refer to the serious birder.

    Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social


    reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds
    using formal scientific methods.

    History of Birdwatching
    Edmund Selous was the first
    person to use the term
    Birdwatching in his book
    entitled Bird Watching in
    1901.
    During the Victorian era, bird
    watching was practiced in the
    interest of collecting eggs and
    the skins of exotic breeds.
    With the onset of advanced
    optics and field guides, bird
    watching exploded on the
    Eastern seaboard of the
    United States and gradually
    spread worldwide.
    Cont.

    History of Birdwatching in India:


    Observation of Birds in India has an ancient history (1700-1000
    B.C) and references can be found in Rigveda and Yajurveda.
    In 16th century Mughal rulers observed birds & kept meticulous
    records. Emperor Jahangir even commissioned artists to portray
    birds with great accuracy.
    Scientific documentation began only after the arrival of Britishers.
    The earliest book describing birds in
    India is attributed to Eleanyar Albin in
    1738.
    Followed by Hugh Whistler's Popular
    Handbook of Indian Birds (1928), Dr.
    Salim Ali's The Book of Indian Birds
    (1941) and Handbook of the Birds of
    India & Pakistan(Ali & Ripley, 1964-74).

    Why birdwatching?

    1. Contribute towards
    existing knowledge

    2. Provides Mental Satisfaction

    3. Improves observation skill/ concentration level

    4. Makes sensory organs (especially


    ears and eyes) more sensitive

    5. Economic Advantages

    6. Builds competitive
    mindset

    Birds an introduction

    CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS
    Kingdom:
    Animalia
    Subphylum:
    Vertebrata
    Class: Aves
    Order: 30 orders
    Family: 194
    families
    Genus: 2099
    genera

    Characteristics of Birds:

    Facts & Figures (Global Scenario):


    Total Bird species of the world: 9702
    Globally Threatened: 1253 (as per 2011 update) which is

    12.5% of the global population.


    Critically Endangered (extremely high risk of extinction):

    189
    One in eight of the world's birds faces extinction.
    Since 1500 A.D: 190+ species ofbirds have

    becomeextinct.
    Weight range from 2 g to 100 kg.
    There are about 300 billion (30000 crore) birds (#

    individuals) on earth.

    Facts & Figures (Indian Scenario):


    Total No. of Bird Species: 1301 (Reliable
    Record-1224 + 5)
    Globally Threatened: 80
    Endangeredbirds: 147 of which Critically Endangered: 14
    Endangered: 15
    Vulnerable: 54
    Near Threatened: 64

    Probably Extinct: 2
    Endemic Birds: 55 (Birds only found in India)

    A FEW EXTINCT SPECIES:


    MOA:
    A native bird of New Zealand. It
    is generally considered that
    most, if not all, species of moa
    died out by A.D. 1400 due to
    overhunting
    by
    the
    Mori
    (Polynesian people) and habitat
    decline.

    Dodo:
    An extinctflightless bird
    that wasendemicto the
    island ofMauritius, east
    ofMadagascar
    in
    theIndian Ocean.
    The first recorded mention
    of the Dodo was by Dutch
    sailors in 1598. In the
    following years, the bird
    was hunted by sailors,
    theirdomesticated
    animals,
    andintroduced
    species during that time.
    The last widely accepted
    sighting of a Dodo was in

    Passenger Pigeon or Wild


    Pigeon:
    Is an extinctNorth American Bird.
    The species lived in enormous
    migratory flocks until the early 20th
    century, when hunting andhabitat
    destruction led to its demise.

    Some estimate 3 to 5 billion


    Passenger Pigeons were in the
    United States when Europeans
    arrived in North America.
    Some
    reduction
    in
    numbers
    occurred from habitat loss when
    European
    settlement
    led
    to
    massdeforestation. Next, pigeon
    meat was commercialized as a
    cheap food forslaves and the poor
    in the 19th century, resulting
    inhuntingon
    a
    massive
    and
    mechanized scale. A slow decline
    between about 1800 and 1870 was
    followed by a catastrophic decline

    PINK HEADED
    DUCK:
    Pink-headed
    ducks
    were one of the rarest
    species of waterfowl
    that were found in
    India.
    They
    mainly
    inhabited
    the
    area
    around the lower areas
    north of the Ganges
    and
    west
    offormerly
    the
    Thisduck
    occurred
    in
    Brahmaputra
    River.
    easternIndia,Bangladeshand
    northernMyanmar,
    but is now probablyextinct. It was always rare,
    and the last confirmed sighting, byC. M. Inglis,
    was from Darbhanga in June 1935, with reports
    from India persisting until the early 1960s. The
    main reason for its extinction was destruction of
    habitat and deforestation.

    How to do Birdwatching?

    Things you will


    require to start
    Birding-

    1. Notebook:
    Carry a notebook and
    pencil to record the
    birds you have seen,
    and any markings or
    unusual behaviour.
    You can then use
    your notes to confirm
    your identification or
    you can even make a
    rough sketch which
    will help you to
    identify the bird later.

    2. Field-Guide Books:
    A good up-to-date field guide is a
    must. There is no substitute for
    an illustrated field guide which
    you can carry with and flip
    through to identify a bird in
    front of you.

    3.Birding Binoculars
    Porro Prism Binoculars: Porro
    prism models will deliver good optics
    for the dollar, but lack the durability
    and compact styling of roof prism
    models. In addition, many Porros are
    not waterproof.

    Roof Prism Binoculars: These


    binoculars are rugged and durable,
    and you no longer have to spend
    more money to get good optical
    quality in this design.

    Specification??
    Birding Binoculars have two numbers:
    7x30; 8x40; 20x60; etc.where
    7x = Magnification that the binocular offers; a 7x
    binocular will bring objects seven times closer to
    the viewer than the naked eye.
    The second no. x30; x40 is the width of the
    objective lens in millimeter. Larger the objective
    lens, more light while viewing the object.

    Identification:
    What to notice about birds?
    1. Color and marking
    2. Calls and Songs
    3. Habits and
    Behaviors
    4. Size
    5. Beak Shapes
    6. Any other noticeable
    feature

    Where to do Birding?
    1.Garden
    2.Paddy field
    3.Reserve Forest
    4.Wildlife sanctuaries
    5.National Parks
    6.Water Bodies (Near River Banks/
    sea shores/ ponds/ wetlands)

    Bird habitats:

    Wetland

    Grassland

    Woodland

    Agriculture

    SOME POTENTIAL PLACES TO WATCH BIRDS IN


    NORTHEAST INDIA:

    Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary

    Mishmi Hills, Arunachal Pradesh

    Kaziranga National Park

    Dibru-Saikhowa National Park

    Khonoma, Nagaland

    Dehing-Patkai WLS

    Manas National Park, Assam

    Namdapha N.P, Assam

    Pakke Tiger Reserve,


    Arunachal Pradesh

    Nameri N.P, Assam

    Dos & Donts in Birding?

    Dos:
    1. Avoid Chasing birds. Support the protection of
    important bird habits.
    2. Sparse use of artificial lights for photographing
    and filming birds.
    3. Stay on roads, trails and paths where they exist.
    Create minimum disturbance to their habitat.

    Donts:
    1. Do not photograph nesting birds.
    2. Avoid use of recordings and other methods of
    attracting birds in heavily birding areas or for
    attracting threatened species.
    3. Exercise

    restrain

    and

    caution

    during

    observation, photography, sound recording, or


    filming.

    Gracias

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