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    Cryptography Using Matrices in Real Life

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    Anshul Grover
    This document discusses matrix cryptography and how it can be used to encode messages. It explains that cryptography aims to keep communications private and that governments use sophisticated coding and decoding methods. One such method involves using a large matrix to encode a message, and the receiver decodes it using the inverse of the matrix. The document then provides an example of encoding a message by breaking it into blocks, assigning numbers to letters, multiplying the blocks by an encoding matrix, and how the receiver can decode it by multiplying by the inverse matrix.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cryptography Using Matrices in Real Life

    Uploaded by

    Anshul Grover
    2K views15 pages
    This document discusses matrix cryptography and how it can be used to encode messages. It explains that cryptography aims to keep communications private and that governments use sophisticated coding and decoding methods. One such method involves using a large matrix to encode a message, and the receiver decodes it using the inverse of the matrix. The document then provides an example of encoding a message by breaking it into blocks, assigning numbers to letters, multiplying the blocks by an encoding matrix, and how the receiver can decode it by multiplying by the inverse matrix.

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    This document discusses matrix cryptography and how it can be used to encode messages. It explains that cryptography aims to keep communications private and that governments use sophisticated coding and decoding methods. One such method involves using a large matrix to encode a message, and the receiver decodes it using the inverse of the matrix. The document then provides an example of encoding a message by breaking it into blocks, assigning numbers to letters, multiplying the blocks by an encoding matrix, and how the receiver can decode it by multiplying by the inverse matrix.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views15 pages

    Cryptography Using Matrices in Real Life

    Uploaded by

    Anshul Grover
    This document discusses matrix cryptography and how it can be used to encode messages. It explains that cryptography aims to keep communications private and that governments use sophisticated coding and decoding methods. One such method involves using a large matrix to encode a message, and the receiver decodes it using the inverse of the matrix. The document then provides an example of encoding a message by breaking it into blocks, assigning numbers to letters, multiplying the blocks by an encoding matrix, and how the receiver can decode it by multiplying by the inverse matrix.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15
    At a glance
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    Cryptography uses encoding matrices to encrypt messages and decoding matrices to decrypt them. It converts letters and spaces into numeric representations using a coding table before encoding them using matrices.

    Cryptography uses sophisticated coding and decoding methods like using large matrices to encode messages. The receiver decodes the message using the inverse of the encoding matrix.

    The message is broken into blocks of letters and spaces, converted to numeric representations, arranged into matrices and then multiplied with the encoding matrix to get the encrypted message.

    Name- Anshul grover

    Roll_No-08

    Cryptography is concerned with keeping


    communications private.
    Today governments use sophisticated
    methods of coding and decoding messages.
    One type of code, which is extremely
    difficult to break, makes use of a large
    matrix to encode a message.
    The receiver of the message decodes it using
    the inverse of the matrix. This first matrix is
    called the encoding matrix and its inverse is
    called the decoding matrix.

    Assign a number to each letter in the


    alphabet with out a blank space
    A=1

    E=5

    I=9

    M = 13

    Q = 17

    U = 21

    B=2

    F=6

    J = 10

    N = 14

    R = 18

    V = 22

    C=3

    G=7

    K = 11

    O = 15

    S = 19

    W = 23

    D=4

    H=8

    L = 12

    P = 16

    T = 20

    X = 24

    Space = 27

    Y = 25
    Z = 26

    To encode CLEAR NOW , break the message


    into groups of 2 letters & spaces each.
    CL EA R_ NO W_
    Convert the block of 2-letter into a 2 x 1
    matrix each

    3

    12

    5

    1

    18

    27

    14

    15

    23

    27

    To encode a message, choose a 2x2 matrix A


    that has an inverse and multiply A on the left
    to each of the matrices.

    2 0
    If A = 1 1 , the product of A and the

    matrices give
    6
    15

    10
    36 28 46
    6 45 29 50

    The message received will appear as


    6 15 10 6 36 45 28 29 46 50

    If you dont know the matrix used, decoding


    would be very difficult. When a larger
    matrix is used, decoding is even more
    difficult. But for an authorized receiver who
    knows the matrix A, decoding is simple.

    1 1 0
    A

    2 0 1 2
    1

    For example,

    0
    2

    1 1

    0
    2
    6 3


    1 1 15
    12

    The receiver only needs to multiply the


    matrices by A-1 on the left to obtain the
    sequence of numbers.
    The message will be retrieved with reference
    to the table of letters.

    Polygraphic Systems

    Polygraphic systems encode a group of plain sequence letters.


    This scrambles the frequencies and allows for more than one
    representation of a plain sequence character. The digraphic
    system is the simplest polygraphic system. It uses a 2 x 2 coding
    matrix to replace pairs of plain sequence characters. A square
    matrix of any size may be chosen as a coding matrix. The larger
    the coding matrix the more complex the system of cryptography.
    The examples in this unit use a trigraphic system. A 3 x 3 matrix
    is chosen as the coding matrix. The choice of the matrix is
    arbitrary. The only constraint is that the coding matrix must have
    an inverse.Therefore, we have added a space and two
    punctuation marks to the standard alphabet to create our plain
    sequence. The plain sequence and its numerical representations
    are

    For the message,


    Imagination is mo, we
    will encode groups of
    three letters. This
    system is called
    trigraphing.
    TO ENCODE A MESSAGE
    First, choose a coding
    matrix. (Be sure the
    matrix is 3x3 and has an
    inverse.)

    References

    https://www.nsa.gov/academia/_files/colle
    cted_learning/high_school/algebra/matrices
    _secret_weapon.pdf
    http://gr9mathematics.wikispaces.com/file/
    view/Cryptography+Using+Matrices+in+Real+
    Life

    THANK YOU

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