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    chpt12 2

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    mksayshi
    This document discusses three-phase circuits and their analysis. It covers balanced and unbalanced three-phase systems, power calculations in balanced systems, and how to analyze unbalanced systems. Methods for three-phase power measurement and residential wiring configurations are also introduced.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    chpt12 2

    Uploaded by

    mksayshi
    17 views15 pages
    This document discusses three-phase circuits and their analysis. It covers balanced and unbalanced three-phase systems, power calculations in balanced systems, and how to analyze unbalanced systems. Methods for three-phase power measurement and residential wiring configurations are also introduced.

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    chpt12_2

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    This document discusses three-phase circuits and their analysis. It covers balanced and unbalanced three-phase systems, power calculations in balanced systems, and how to analyze unbalanced systems. Methods for three-phase power measurement and residential wiring configurations are also introduced.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    17 views15 pages

    chpt12 2

    Uploaded by

    mksayshi
    This document discusses three-phase circuits and their analysis. It covers balanced and unbalanced three-phase systems, power calculations in balanced systems, and how to analyze unbalanced systems. Methods for three-phase power measurement and residential wiring configurations are also introduced.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Chapter 12

    Three Phase Circuits


    Chapter Objectives:

    Be familiar with different three-phase configurations and how

    to analyze them.

    Know the difference between balanced and unbalanced circuits


    Learn about power in a balanced three-phase system
    Know how to analyze unbalanced three-phase systems
    Be able to use PSpice to analyze three-phase circuits
    Apply what is learnt to three-phase measurement and
    residential wiring
    Huseyin Bilgekul
    Eeng224 Circuit Theory II
    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
    Eastern Mediterranean University

    Eeng 224

    Power in a Balanced System


    The total instantaneous power in a balanced three phase system is constant.
    v AN 2V p cos(t ) vBN 2V p cos(t 120)
    vCN 2V p cos(t 120)
    ia 2 I p cos(t ) ib 2 I p cos(t 120)
    ic 2 I p cos(t 120)
    p pa pb pc v AN ia vBN ib vCN ic
    cos(t ) cos(t ) cos(t 120) cos(t 120)
    p 2V p I p

    cos(

    120

    )
    co
    s(

    120

    1
    cos A cos B [cos( A B ) cos( A B)]
    2
    Using the above identity and simplifying, =2 t- we obtain that:

    p V p I p 3cos cos 2 cos 3V p I p cos


    2

    Eeng 224

    Power in a Balanced System

    The important consequences of the instantenous power equation of a balanced three


    phase system are:

    p 3V p I p cos

    The instantenous power is not function of time.


    The total power behaves similar to DC power.
    This result is true whether the load is Y or connected.
    The AVERAGE POWER per phase is obtained as Pp p .
    3
    Pp p

    V p I p cos
    Eeng 224

    Power in a Balanced System


    The complex power per phase is Sp. The total complex power for all phases is S.

    p 3V p I p cos

    (Total Instantenous Power)

    1
    Pp = p V p I p cos (Average Power per phase)
    3
    1
    Qp = p V p I p sin (Reactive Power per phase)
    3
    S p Vp I p
    (Apparent Power per phase)
    Sp Pp jQp Vp I p

    Complex power for each phase

    V p and I p refer to magnitude values whereas


    Vp and I p refer to phasor values (Both magnitude and phase)
    Eeng 224

    Power in a Balanced System


    The complex power per phase is Sp. The total complex power for all phases is S.

    Sp Pp jQp Vp I p
    S=P jQ 3Sp 3Vp I p

    Complex power for each phase

    Total Complex power for three phase

    P Pa Pb Pc 3Pp 3V p I p cos 3VL I L cos


    Q Qa Qb Qc 3Q p 3V p I p sin 3VL I L sin
    S=3Sp 3Vp I p 3I p 2 Z p
    S P jQ 3VL I L

    3Vp 2
    Zp

    Total complex power

    Total complex power using line values

    Vp , I p ,VL and I L are all rms values, is the load impedance angle
    Eeng 224

    Power in a Balanced System


    S=3Sp 3Vp I p 3I p 2 Z p

    3Vp 2
    Zp

    Toal complex power

    S P jQ 3VL I L
    Vp , I p ,VL and I L are all rms values, is the load impedance angle
    Notice the values of Vp, VL, Ip, IL for different load connections.

    VL 3 V p

    VL V p

    IL I p

    IL 3 I p
    Ip

    Vp
    Ip
    VL

    Vp

    VL

    VL
    Vp

    VL

    VL

    Ip

    Y connected load.

    Ip

    Ip

    Vp
    Ip

    Vp

    VL

    Vp

    connected load.

    Eeng 224

    Power in a Balanced System

    Eeng 224

    Single versus Three phase systems


    Three phase systems uses lesser amount of wire than single phase systems for the
    same line voltage VL and same power delivered.

    a) Single phase system

    b) Three phase system

    Wire Material for Single phase 2( r 2l ) 2r 2 2

    '2 (2) 1.33


    '2
    Wire Material for Three phase 3( r l ) 3r
    3
    If same power loss is tolerated in both system, three-phase system use
    only 75% of materials of a single-phase system
    Eeng 224

    Eeng 224

    VL=840 V (Rms)

    IL
    Capacitors for pf
    Correction

    Eeng 224

    10

    IL

    S
    73650

    50.68A
    3 VL
    3 840

    Without Pf Correction

    Eeng 224

    11

    Unbalanced Three Phase Systems


    An unbalanced system is due to unbalanced voltage sources or unbalanced load.
    In a unbalanced system the neutral current is NOT zero.

    Unbalanced three phase Y connected load.


    Line currents DO NOT add up to zero.
    In= -(Ia+ Ib+ Ic) 0

    Eeng 224

    12

    Eeng 224

    13

    Three Phase Power Measurement


    Two-meter method for measuring three-phase power

    Eeng 224

    14

    Residential Wiring

    Single phase three-wire residential wiring

    Eeng 224

    15

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