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    Lecture 15

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    kok_oc25
    This document discusses several key internet applications: Domain Name Service (DNS) which maps domain names to IP addresses in a hierarchical structure; proxy servers which improve performance and security by caching web content and filtering traffic; web servers which host websites and serve content using HTTP; and email servers which transfer and store email using protocols like SMTP, POP, and IMAP. Popular implementations of each are also mentioned.

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    Lecture 15

    Uploaded by

    kok_oc25
    47 views18 pages
    This document discusses several key internet applications: Domain Name Service (DNS) which maps domain names to IP addresses in a hierarchical structure; proxy servers which improve performance and security by caching web content and filtering traffic; web servers which host websites and serve content using HTTP; and email servers which transfer and store email using protocols like SMTP, POP, and IMAP. Popular implementations of each are also mentioned.

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    This document discusses several key internet applications: Domain Name Service (DNS) which maps domain names to IP addresses in a hierarchical structure; proxy servers which improve performance and security by caching web content and filtering traffic; web servers which host websites and serve content using HTTP; and email servers which transfer and store email using protocols like SMTP, POP, and IMAP. Popular implementations of each are also mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    47 views18 pages

    Lecture 15

    Uploaded by

    kok_oc25
    This document discusses several key internet applications: Domain Name Service (DNS) which maps domain names to IP addresses in a hierarchical structure; proxy servers which improve performance and security by caching web content and filtering traffic; web servers which host websites and serve content using HTTP; and email servers which transfer and store email using protocols like SMTP, POP, and IMAP. Popular implementations of each are also mentioned.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Internet Applications

    INTERNET
    APPLICATIONS

    Internet Applications

    Internet Applications
    Domain Name Service
    Proxy Service
    Mail Service
    Web Service

    DNS

    DNS

    DNS

    Internet Naming Hierarchy


    The silent dot at the
    end of all addresses

    .com

    .net

    .org

    .tcd

    .in

    .ac
    .iitk

    www

    www

    .co

    DNS Setup

    DNS Operation
    A DNS server maintains the name to IP address
    mapping of the domain for which it is the name server.
    The DNS server for a domain is registered with the
    domain registrar and the entry is maintained by the
    Internet Root-Servers (13) or Country Level RootServers.
    Whenever a server is queried, if doesnt have the
    answer, the root servers are contacted.
    The root servers refer to the DNS server for that domain
    (in case the domain is a top level domain) or the
    Country Root Server (in case the domain is country
    level domain).

    Proxy Server

    PROXY SERVER

    Proxy Server

    Internet Connections
    ISP
    networ
    k

    ISP
    networ
    k
    Bandwidth-limited
    links
    ISP
    network

    Customer Networks

    Backbone
    networks

    Customers connect to
    an ISP
    ISPs connect to
    backbone

    Proxy Server

    Internet Connections
    Cost of connections is based on bandwidth
    Cost of connection is a major part of network cost
    Organisations only obtain as much bandwidth as
    they
    can afford
    Many organisations in Asia-Pacific only have 64kb/s
    2Mb/s connections (as compared to their counterpart
    in US and Europe who have bandwidths of 2.4 Gbps
    10 Gbps)

    Proxy Server

    What is a Web Proxy?


    A proxy is a host which relays web access requests
    from clients
    Used when clients do not access the web directly
    Used for security, logging, accounting and
    performance

    browser

    proxy

    web

    Proxy Server

    What is Web Caching?


    Storing copies of recently accessed web pages
    Pages are delivered from the cache when requested
    again

    Browser caches
    Proxy caches

    Proxy Server

    Why Cache?
    Shorter response time
    Reduced bandwidth requirement
    Reduced load on servers
    Access control and logging

    Proxy Server

    Popular Proxy Caches


    Apache proxy
    MS proxy server
    WinProxy
    Squid
    Squid is popular because
    configurable and free
    Many others

    it

    is

    powerful,

    Web Server

    WEB SERVER

    Web Server

    Web Server
    HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is used to
    transfer web pages from a Web Server to Web Client
    (Browser)
    Web Pages are arranged in a directory structure in
    the Web Server
    HTTP supports CGI (Common Gateway interface)
    HTTP supports Virtual Hosting (Hosting multiple
    sites on the same server)
    Popular Web Servers
    Apache
    Windows IIS
    IBM Websphere

    Email

    EMAIL

    Email

    Mail Architecture

    Internet

    Mail
    Server

    Mail Client

    Mail
    Server

    Mail Client

    Email

    Mail Architecture

    Email

    Mail Architecture
    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used to
    transfer mail between Mail Servers over Internet
    Post Office Protocol (PoP) and Interactive Mail
    Access Protocol (IMAP) is used between Client and
    Mail Server to retrieve mails
    The mail server of a domain is identified by the MX
    record of that domain
    Popular Mail Servers
    Sendmail/Postfix
    Microsoft Exchange Server
    IBM Lotus

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