Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 28 views

    Lecture 3

    Uploaded by

    govind_misraa
    A transaction processing system (TPS) collects and stores data about business transactions and sometimes controls decisions made during transactions. It focuses on record keeping and repetitive clerical processes. A TPS design is based on transaction execution details, data content/format, and enforcement rules/policies. TPS can enforce rules, detect errors, and automate some decision making.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lecture 3

    Uploaded by

    govind_misraa
    28 views19 pages
    A transaction processing system (TPS) collects and stores data about business transactions and sometimes controls decisions made during transactions. It focuses on record keeping and repetitive clerical processes. A TPS design is based on transaction execution details, data content/format, and enforcement rules/policies. TPS can enforce rules, detect errors, and automate some decision making.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    A transaction processing system (TPS) collects and stores data about business transactions and sometimes controls decisions made during transactions. It focuses on record keeping and repetitive clerical processes. A TPS design is based on transaction execution details, data content/format, and enforcement rules/policies. TPS can enforce rules, detect errors, and automate some decision making.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    28 views19 pages

    Lecture 3

    Uploaded by

    govind_misraa
    A transaction processing system (TPS) collects and stores data about business transactions and sometimes controls decisions made during transactions. It focuses on record keeping and repetitive clerical processes. A TPS design is based on transaction execution details, data content/format, and enforcement rules/policies. TPS can enforce rules, detect errors, and automate some decision making.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Transaction Processing

    System (TPS)
    A transaction is a business event that
    generates or modifies data stored in an
    information system.
    A TPS collects and stores data about
    transactions and sometimes controls
    decisions made as part of a transaction.
    A TPS focuses on record keeping and
    control of repetitive clerical processes.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    TPS (Contd.)
    Design of a TPS is based on
    execution details of the transactions;
    data content and format; and
    rules and policies to be enforced.
    TPSs are capable of
    enforcing rules and work procedures;
    detecting errors, such as missing data,
    invalid data, and inconsistent data; and
    automating certain decision-making
    functions.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    TPS (Contd.)
    Batch Processing: Information on
    individual transactions is collected and
    stored. Based on a schedule or number
    accumulated the transactions are
    processed later to update the database.
    Examples are processing of checks and other
    paper forms, generation of paychecks, and
    weekend deposits into ATMs.
    Problems - error correction & data currency.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    TPS (Contd.)
    Real-time Processing: Each transaction is
    processed immediately. An advantage is
    immediate error correction.
    Examples are airline reservation systems and
    bursar/bank systems.
    Characterized by quick response and high
    availability.

    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    ERP System - a TPS?
    An ERP system encompasses transaction
    processing done in various functional
    areas of an enterprise.
    Actually an ERP system is a hybrid system
    that has characteristics of many of the
    individual information system types
    including the TPS.

    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    Management Information
    System (MIS)
    MISs generate summary information for
    monitoring performance, maintaining
    coordination, and providing background
    about the organizations operation.
    Users are both managers and the
    employees who receive feedback about
    performance indicators.
    MISs extract and summarize data from
    TPSs.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    MIS (Contd.)
    Typically provide pre-specified reports on
    a scheduled basis.
    MIS provides information; people decide
    how to improve performance.
    Executive Information Systems (EISs)
    take MISs to the next level.

    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    Executive Information
    System (EIS)
    EISs offer a highly interactive system that
    provides managers and executives flexible
    access to information for monitoring
    operating results and general business
    conditions.
    Executives can drill down to understand
    specific items of concern in more detail.
    Data is replenished periodically from
    internal and external sources.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    EIS (Contd.)
    Typical characteristics of EISs are
    user-friendly interfaces;
    variety of formats (tables, graphs, etc.);
    triggers for exceptional conditions;
    multiple levels of detail;and
    customizable reports.
    EISs help executives find the information
    they need whenever they need it and in
    whatever form is most useful.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)


    Decision Support System
    (DSS)
    A DSS is an interactive IS that provides
    information, models, and data
    manipulation tools to help make decisions
    in semi-structured and unstructured
    situations.
    In contrast to MIS, a DSS supports
    managers and professionals doing largely
    analytical work in less structured
    situations.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    DSS (Contd.)
    The traditional DSS approach includes
    interactive problem solving; direct use of
    models; user-controllable methods for
    displaying and analyzing data; and
    formulating and evaluating alternatives.
    Examples range from spreadsheets to
    customized simulation or optimization
    models focusing on specific situations.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)



    DSS (Contd.)
    DSSs support repetitive decision making
    by structuring the decision to some extent
    and defining procedures and formats.
    An example of the repetitive case is the
    use of a DSS by insurance agents to help
    customers choose the right insurance
    policy - options, cost and benefits.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)


    DSS (Contd.)
    DSSs support non-repetitive decision
    making by providing data, models,
    analytical tools, and interface methods.
    An example is a system that helps
    marketing managers evaluate alternative
    marketing plans and track results. Data
    includes internal sales results and external
    market research databases.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    New Approaches to DSS
    Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) and data
    mining.
    OLAP is the use of online data analysis tools
    to explore large transaction databases.
    Data mining is the use of data analysis tools
    to find patterns in large transaction
    databases.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    Data Mining (Contd.)
    Examples are customer buying patterns in
    grocery stores and statistical profiles of
    customers who are likely to switch long-
    distance carriers.

    One of the difficulties in data mining is
    the problem of differentiating between
    meaningful and spurious patterns.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    Execution Systems
    These systems directly support people
    doing the value-added work in an
    organization.
    Examples are systems that help plastic
    surgeons design operations and show
    likely results to their patients.
    Expert or knowledge-based systems are
    one type of execution systems.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    Expert Systems
    Expert systems support the intellectual
    work of professionals engaged in design,
    diagnosis, or evaluation of complex
    situations requiring expert knowledge in a
    well-defined area.
    Common applications are medical
    diagnosis, troubleshooting, chemical
    analysis, data interpretation, etc.
    (Source: Alter, 1999)
    Office Automation Systems
    An OAS facilitates everyday information
    processing tasks in offices and business
    organizations. They include a wide array
    of productivity tools.
    Spreadsheets
    Word processors, desktop publishing tools
    Presentation packages
    Personal database systems
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    Communication Systems
    The broad categories of communication
    systems are
    Teleconferencing
    Messaging systems - e-mail, v-mail, and fax
    Groupware (e.g. Lotus Notes)
    Intranets and extranets
    Knowledge management systems
    (Source: Alter, 1999)

    You might also like