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    Nfpa 45

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    moha19841
    This document outlines fire safety standards for laboratories using hazardous chemicals as outlined in NFPA 45. It provides definitions for key terms, classifications for laboratory fire hazards based on quantities of flammable liquids, requirements for laboratory unit construction and ventilation systems, guidelines for chemical storage and disposal, limits on compressed gas cylinder sizes, and safety measures for laboratory operations and equipment. The goal is to prevent fires and explosions and protect personnel through controls on chemicals and compliance with construction, ventilation, and operational best practices.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Nfpa 45

    Uploaded by

    moha19841
    1K views19 pages
    This document outlines fire safety standards for laboratories using hazardous chemicals as outlined in NFPA 45. It provides definitions for key terms, classifications for laboratory fire hazards based on quantities of flammable liquids, requirements for laboratory unit construction and ventilation systems, guidelines for chemical storage and disposal, limits on compressed gas cylinder sizes, and safety measures for laboratory operations and equipment. The goal is to prevent fires and explosions and protect personnel through controls on chemicals and compliance with construction, ventilation, and operational best practices.

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    NFPA 45

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    This document outlines fire safety standards for laboratories using hazardous chemicals as outlined in NFPA 45. It provides definitions for key terms, classifications for laboratory fire hazards based on quantities of flammable liquids, requirements for laboratory unit construction and ventilation systems, guidelines for chemical storage and disposal, limits on compressed gas cylinder sizes, and safety measures for laboratory operations and equipment. The goal is to prevent fires and explosions and protect personnel through controls on chemicals and compliance with construction, ventilation, and operational best practices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views19 pages

    Nfpa 45

    Uploaded by

    moha19841
    This document outlines fire safety standards for laboratories using hazardous chemicals as outlined in NFPA 45. It provides definitions for key terms, classifications for laboratory fire hazards based on quantities of flammable liquids, requirements for laboratory unit construction and ventilation systems, guidelines for chemical storage and disposal, limits on compressed gas cylinder sizes, and safety measures for laboratory operations and equipment. The goal is to prevent fires and explosions and protect personnel through controls on chemicals and compliance with construction, ventilation, and operational best practices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    The American University in

    Cairo
    NFPA 45
    FIRE PROTECTION FOR
    LABORATORIES USING
    CHEMICALS
    Purpose of the Standard
    This standard provides basic requirements
    for the protection of life and property in
    laboratory work where hazardous chemicals
    are handled through prevention and controls
    of fires and explosions.
    To protect personnel from the effects of
    toxic, corrosive, or otherwise hazardous
    chemicals to which they may exposed as a
    result of fire or explosion.
    Definitions
    Educational Occupancies:
    Building used for the gathering of 6 or more persons for
    the purposes of instruction, such as schools, universities,
    colleges, and academies.
    Laboratory Unit:
    An enclosed space used for experiments or tests. It may
    contain one or more separate laboratory work areas.A
    laboratory unit is classified as A, B, or C according to the
    quantities of flammable and combustible liquids.
    Definitions
    Laboratory Work Area:
    A room or space for testing, analysis, research, instruction,
    or similar activities that involve the use of chemicals. This
    work area may or may not be enclosed.
    Hazardous Chemicals:
    A chemical with one or more of the following hazard
    ratings as defined in NFPA 704, Standard system for the
    identification of fire hazards of materials. Health-2,3, or 4;
    Flammability 3 or 4; Reactivity 2, 3, or 4.
    Laboratory Unit Fire Hazard
    Classification
    Excl.
    quant. In
    cabinets
    and cans
    Excl.
    quant. In
    cabinets
    and cans
    Incl..
    quant. In
    cabinets
    and cans
    Incl..
    quant. In
    cabinets
    and cans
    Lab. Unit
    Class
    Flam. Or
    Comb.
    Class
    Unsprink Sprink. Unsprink Sprink.
    Class A
    High
    Hazard
    I
    I, II, and
    IIIA
    300 gal.
    400 gal.
    600 gal.
    800 gal

    600 gal.
    800 gal.
    1200 gal.
    1600 gal.
    Class B
    Interm.
    Hazard
    I
    I, II, and
    IIIA
    150 gal
    200 gal.
    300 gal.
    400 gal.
    300 gal.
    400 gal.
    600 gal.
    800 gal.
    Class C
    Low
    Hazard
    I
    I, II, and
    IIIA
    75 gal.
    100 gal.
    150 gal.
    200 gal.
    150 gal.
    200 gal.
    300 gal.
    400 gal.
    Explosion Hazard Classification
    A laboratory work area shall be considered
    to contain an explosion hazard if:
    1- Storage of materials with a reactivity hazard rating of 4.
    2- Use or formation of materials with reactivity hazard
    rating of 4.
    3- Highly exothermic reactions such as polymerizations,
    oxidations, nitrations, peroxidation, hydrogenation, or
    organo-metalic reactions.
    Construction Notes
    Laboratories will be classified (NFPA 101)
    as : Business Health Care, Industrial
    Compartmentation of each laboratory unit is
    achieved by providing: (One-hour rated
    separation from adjacent labs or other areas.
    Self-closing fire doors with at least
    hour rating.
    Two or more exits must be provided for
    labs of 200 feet area or more.
    Continue
    Doors to corridors from laboratories must
    swing in the direction of exit.
    When central supply of flammable,
    combustible or oxidizing gases is provided,
    shut-off valves in accessible locations must
    be provided, in addition to those at the
    points of supply and use.
    Continue
    Controls for air, gas, and other utilities must
    be color coded and labeled.
    GFCI on electrical outlets within 6 feet of
    all sinks.

    Laboratory Unit Layout
    Fire Protection
    Portable fire extinguishers
    Fire alarm systems
    Evacuation and emergency plans.
    Automatic extinguishing systems (sprinkler
    system).
    Inside standpipe and hose systems.
    Lab Ventilating Systems
    Haz. Chemicals shall not be recirculated.
    Location of fresh air intakes avoid
    drawing of hazardous chemicals from labs.
    Negative pressure in the labs relative to the
    corridors or adjacent non-labs areas.
    Location of air supply diffusion devices to
    avoid air current (hoods, exhaust system,
    and fire detection or ext. systems)
    Continue
    Min. 6 air change per hour fume hoods.
    Open use of hazardous chemicals 10 or
    more air change per hour.
    Exhaust ducts negative pressure.
    Hoods air velocity : 80 100 fpm
    Local exhaust systems (elephant trunks or
    snorkels.
    Continue
    Exhaust ducts to outside the building
    roofs 10 feet above roof level.
    Lab hoods shall be located in areas of
    minimum air turbulence.
    Lab hoods shall not be located adjacent to a
    single means of access to an exit or high
    traffic areas.
    Chemical Storage & Disposal
    Hazardous chemicals minimum necessary
    Segregation of incompatible materials.
    Dating of the first opening 6 months
    testing and evaluation and disposal.
    Class I transference bonding and
    grounding.
    Classification of chemical wastes.
    No disposal of chemical wastes to the sink.
    Maximum Allowable Container
    Capacity
    Flammable
    Liquids
    Flammable
    Liquids
    Flammable
    Liquids
    Combustible
    Liquids
    Combustible
    Liquids
    Container
    Types
    IA IB IC II IIIA
    Glass
    Metal
    Safety Cans
    Metal Drums
    1 pt
    1 gal
    2 gal
    N/A
    1 pt
    5 gal
    5 gal
    5 gal.
    1 gal
    5 gal
    5 gal
    5 gal
    1 gal
    5 gal
    5 gal
    60 gal
    5 gal
    5 gal
    5 gal
    60 gal
    Compressed and Liquefied Gases
    Manual shutoff valves at each point of
    supply and each point of use.
    Permanent piping shall be identified with
    the name of material.
    Cylinders of gases having health hazard
    rating of 3 or 4 shall be kept in ventilated
    hood or other continuously mech.
    Ventilated enclosure.
    Maximum quantity and size
    limitations for comp. Gas
    cylinders
    Flamm.
    Gases and/or
    oxygen
    Flamm.
    Gases and/or
    oxygen

    Liquefied
    flamm. gases
    Liquefied
    flamm. gases
    Gases with
    health
    hazards
    ratings of 3
    or 4

    Sprinklered
    Space
    Unsprinkl.
    Space
    Sprinklered
    Space

    Unsprinkl.
    Space

    Max. # of
    cyl. Per 500
    ft or less
    Max.
    Cylnder Size
    (inches)
    6


    10 X 50
    3


    10 X 50
    3


    9 X 30
    2


    9 X 30
    3


    4 X 15
    Lab Operations and Apparatus
    Automatic shutdown unattended lab
    operations.
    Refrigerators or freezers for flam.
    Substances: Class I, Division 1 locations
    inside the ref.
    Outside the ref. : Class I, Division 2.
    Over-temp shutoff switches for electrically
    heated equipment.

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