1

Seismic Specific Functionality

Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
based on Eurocode8
2
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures Design Procedure About midas Gen
Seismic Specific Functionality
Static Seismic Loads
Response Spectrum Analysis
Time History Analysis (Linear & Non-linear)
Base Isolators and Dampers
Pushover Analysis
Fiber Analysis
Capacity Design: Eurocode 8, NTC2008

Comprehensive Design
RC Design: ACI318, Eurocode 2 & 8, BS8110, IS:456 & 13920, CSA-A23.3,
GB50010, AIJ-WSD, TWN-USD,
Steel Design: AISC-ASD & LRFD, AISI-CFSD, Eurocode 3, BS5950, IS:800,
CSA-S16, GBJ17 & GB50017, AIJ-ASD, TWN-ASD & LSD,
SRC Design: SSRC, JGJ138, CECS28, AIJ-SRC, TWN-SRC
Footing Design: ACI381, BS8110
Slab & Wall Design: Eurocode 2
Capacity Design: Eurocode 8, NTC2008

High-rise Specific Functionality
3-D Column Shortening Reflecting change in Modulus, Creep and Shrinkage
Construction Stage Analysis accounting for change in geometry, supports
and loadings
Building model generation wizard
Automatic mass conversion
Material stiffness changes for cracked section

Intuitive User Interface
Works Tree (Input summary with powerful modeling capabilities)
Models created and changed with ease
Floor Loads defined by area and on inclined plane
Built-in Section property Calculator
Tekla Structures, Revit Structures & STAAD interfaces



3
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
4
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings)
Seismic Design Process as per Eurocode8 (New buildings)
Seismic Design
Performance Requirement
Ground Condition
Seismic Action
Combination of Seismic Action
Criteria for Structural Regularity
Seismic Analysis
Safety Verification
Capacity Design & Detailing
Seismic Zone
Representation of seismic action
[Method of Analysis]
Lateral Force method of Analysis
Modal Response Spectrum Analysis
Pushover Analysis
Inelastic Time History Analysis
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
5
Performance Requirement and Compliance Criteria
Performance Requirement
No-collapse
T
NCR
=475 year
W/O limitation of collapse

Damage Limitation
T
DLR
=95 year
W/O limitation of use
Compliance Criteria
Ultimate limit states
Resistance and Energy Dissipation Capacity need to be checked.

Global level verification
Overturning
Sliding
Member Level
Ductile component: Plastic Rotation
Brittle component: Resistance

Damage limitation states
Global Level: Inter-story drift
Member Level: Resistance (ULS)
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
6
Ground Conditions
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
7
Seismic action
I II III IV
T=475 year 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Ground Acceleration
Representation of Seismic Action
a. Response Spectrum
- Horizontal elastic response spectrum
- Vertical elastic response spectrum
- Horizontal design response spectrum (Behavior factor, q, is considered.)
- Vertical design response spectrum (Behavior factor, q, is considered.)












b. Time history
[Horizontal Elastic Spectrum]
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
8

Combination of Seismic Action
Load Combination of permanent loads and variable loads

100:30 Rule
(1.0Ex + 0.3Ey), (0.3Ex + 1.0Ey)
(1.0Ex + 0.3Ey + 0.3Ez ), (0.3Ex + 1.0Ey + 0.3Ez), (0.3Ex + 0.3Ey + 1.0Ez)
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
9
Criteria for Structural Regularity
Structural Regularity
Analysis Method
Lateral
Force
method of
Analysis
Modal
Response
Spectrum
Analysis
Pushover
Analysis
Inelastic
Time
History
Analysis
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
10
Safety Verification
Ultimate Limit States

Resistance condition: M
Rd
>= M
Ed
, V
Rd
>= V
Ed
Global and local ductility condition: M
Rc
>= 1.3 M
Rb
Equilibrium condition : overturning or sliding
Resistance of horizontal diaphragm
Resistance of foundations
Seismic joint condition


Damage limitation

Limitation of story drift
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
11
Seismic Design
Ductility Class
DCL (Low ductility)
DCM (Medium ductility)
DCH (High ductility)
Structure Type & Behavior Factor
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
12
Where,
M
Rb
: Beam moment resistance
M
ce
: Column member force
due to seismic load case
Capacity design values of
shear forces on beams
Capacity design shear force
in columns
Design Forces of Capacity Design (Beam/Column)
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
13

Design Forces of Capacity Design (Wall)
Fig. 5.3: Design envelope for bending moments in slender walls Fig. 5.4: Design envelope of the shear forces in the walls of a dual system
Wall systems Dual systems
Seismic Design Flowchart (New Buildings) Seismic Design
14
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
15
Seismic Assessment of Buildings as per Eurocode8 (Existing buildings)
Performance Requirement
Knowledge Level
Seismic Action
Combination of Seismic Action
Seismic Analysis
Safety Verification
Decision for Structural Intervention
Seismic Zone
Representation of seismic action
[Method of Analysis]
Lateral Force method of Analysis
Modal Response Spectrum Analysis
Pushover Analysis
Inelastic Time History Analysis
Seismic Design Flowchart (Existing Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
16
Performance Requirement and Compliance Criteria
Performance Requirement
Near Collapse (NC) T
NCR
=2475years
Significant Damage (SD) T
NCR
=475years
Damage Limitation (DL) T
NCR
=225years
Compliance Criteria
Near Collapse (NC)
Ductile: ultimate deformation (plastic rotation)
Brittle: ultimate strength
Significant Damage (SD)
Ductile: damage-related deformation
Brittle: conservatively estimated strength
Damage Limitation (DL)
Ductile: yield strength
Brittle: yield strength
Infills: story drift
Seismic Design Flowchart (Existing Buildings) Seismic Design
Operational
Damage
Limitation
Significant
Damage
Near
Collapse
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
17
Knowledge Levels
Seismic Design Flowchart (Existing Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
18
Pushover Analysis
Why Pushover Analysis?
a) To verify or revise the over strength ratio values (alpha_u/alpha_1)
b) To estimate the expected plastic mechanisms and the distribution of damage
c) To assess the structural performance of existing or retrofitted buildings
d) As an alternative to the design based on linear-elastic analysis which uses the
behavior factor, q
alpha_u
alpha_1
Hinge status for alpha_u Hinge status for alpha_1
Pushover
Global Control
Define Lateral
Loads
Define Hinge
Properties
Assign Hinges
Perform
Analysis
Check Pushover
Curve and
Target Disp.
Check Hinge
Status
Safety
Verification
Process in midas Gen
Seismic Design Flowchart (Existing Buildings) Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
19
Safety Verification
Seismic Design Flowchart (Existing Buildings) Seismic Design
20
Base Isolators and Dampers
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
21
Base Isolators and Dampers
Base Isolators and Dampers
Dynamics
Objectives of Seismic Isolation Systems
Enhance performance of structures at all hazard levels by:
Minimizing interruption of use of facility
Reducing damaging deformations in structural and
nonstructural components
Reducing acceleration response to minimize contents related
damage
Characteristics of Well-Designed Seismic Isolation Systems
Flexibility to increase period of vibration and thus reduce
force response
Energy dissipation to control the isolation system
displacement
Rigidity under low load levels such as wind and minor
earthquakes
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
22
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
Base Isolators:
Lead Rubber Bearing Isolator
Friction Pendulum System Isolator

Applicable Base Isolators in midas Gen
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
23
[Viscoelastic Damper] [Hysteretic System Damper]
Applicable Dampers in midas Gen
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
24
Analysis Results (Graph & Text output)
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
[Hysteretic Graph of Friction pendulum system isolator]
[Hysteretic Graph of Lead rubber bearing isolator]
[Time History Graph at 1
st
story and 3
rd
story]
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
25
[Without Isolators]
[With Isolators]
Shear force at 1
st
story column Displacement - Frequency
Displacement - Frequency Shear force at 1
st
story column
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
Analysis Results (Time History Graph)
26
Mass & Damping Ratio
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
27
Mass
Nodal Masses
Floor Diaphragm Masses
Loads to Masses
Consistent Mass
Self-weight to Mass
[Lumped Mass and Consistent Mass]
Lumped Mass
Consistent Mass
Mass Dynamics
210 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 210 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 210 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 210 0 0 2 420
0 0 0 0 210 0 2
0 0 0 0 0 210 2
L
u
AL
I
u
v
u
v
u
(
(
(
(

=
( `
(
(
(
(
)
2 2
2 2
140 0 0 70 0 0
1
0 156 22 0 54 13
1
0 22 4 0 13 3 1
70 0 0 140 0 0 2 420
0 54 13 0 156 22 2
2
0 13 3 0 22 4
c
u
L L
L L L L AL
I
u
L L
L L L L
v
u
v
u
(

(

(

(


( =
`
(

(

(

(
)

1 2
u1 u2
1 2
1 2
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
28
Damping
Modal
User defines the damping ratio for each mode, and the modal
response will be calculated based on the user defined damping
ratios.
Mass & Stiffness Proportional
Damping coefficients are computed for mass proportional
damping and stiffness proportional damping.
Strain Energy Proportional
Damping ratios for each mode are automatically calculated using
the damping ratios specified for element groups and boundary
groups in Group Damping, which are used to formulate the
damping matrix.
Damping Dynamics
29
Modal Analysis
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
30
Modal Analysis
Eigen Vectors

Subspace Iteration
This method is effectively used when performing eigenvalue analysis for a finite element system of a large scale
(large matrix system) and commonly used among engineers.

Lanczos
Tri-diagonal Matrix is used to perform eigenvalue analysis. This method is effectively used when performing
eigenvalue analysis for lower modes.

Ritz Vectors
Unlike the natural eigenvalue modes, load dependent Ritz vectors produce more reliable results in dynamic analyses
with relatively fewer modes. The Ritz Vectors are generated reflecting the spatial distribution or the characteristics of the
dynamic loading.
Modal Analysis Dynamics
31
Fiber Analysis
Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
Base Isolators and Dampers
Mass
Damping
Modal Analysis
Fiber Analysis
03
14
20
26
26
29
31
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
32
Fiber Analysis
Fiber Cell Result Plotting
Section division for Fiber Model definition
Kent & Park Model Menegotto-Pinto Model
Inelastic Material Properties (Stress-strain curve)
Fiber Analysis Dynamics
Thank You! Thank You!
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
[email protected]
http://en.midasuser.com/