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    Critical Thinker Naureen

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    Yasmeen Jaffer
    This document discusses critical thinking and how to develop critical thinking skills. It defines critical thinking as the process of uncovering and checking assumptions. It outlines a critical thinking process that moves from observations to opinions to arguments. Developing critical thinking involves acquiring skills like categorization and analysis, developing traits like open-mindedness, and evaluating thinking according to standards like clarity and relevance. The document provides examples of discussion questions and teaching strategies that can promote critical thinking skills in students, such as asking students to summarize, elaborate, and make connections between concepts.

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    Critical Thinker Naureen

    Uploaded by

    Yasmeen Jaffer
    41 views20 pages
    This document discusses critical thinking and how to develop critical thinking skills. It defines critical thinking as the process of uncovering and checking assumptions. It outlines a critical thinking process that moves from observations to opinions to arguments. Developing critical thinking involves acquiring skills like categorization and analysis, developing traits like open-mindedness, and evaluating thinking according to standards like clarity and relevance. The document provides examples of discussion questions and teaching strategies that can promote critical thinking skills in students, such as asking students to summarize, elaborate, and make connections between concepts.

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    This document discusses critical thinking and how to develop critical thinking skills. It defines critical thinking as the process of uncovering and checking assumptions. It outlines a critical thinking process that moves from observations to opinions to arguments. Developing critical thinking involves acquiring skills like categorization and analysis, developing traits like open-mindedness, and evaluating thinking according to standards like clarity and relevance. The document provides examples of discussion questions and teaching strategies that can promote critical thinking skills in students, such as asking students to summarize, elaborate, and make connections between concepts.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    41 views20 pages

    Critical Thinker Naureen

    Uploaded by

    Yasmeen Jaffer
    This document discusses critical thinking and how to develop critical thinking skills. It defines critical thinking as the process of uncovering and checking assumptions. It outlines a critical thinking process that moves from observations to opinions to arguments. Developing critical thinking involves acquiring skills like categorization and analysis, developing traits like open-mindedness, and evaluating thinking according to standards like clarity and relevance. The document provides examples of discussion questions and teaching strategies that can promote critical thinking skills in students, such as asking students to summarize, elaborate, and make connections between concepts.

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    of 20

    Thinking Critically

    PRESENTATION MADE BY NOUREEN AMIN

    The Academics Quest


    How do we move beyond what we already know?

    How do we expand the domain of knowledge? How will we know when a discovery or conclusion constitutes new knowledge?
    What is the mark of truth?

    What is Critical Thinking?


    Critical

    thinking describes the process we use to uncover and check our assumptions.

    A Critical Thinking Process Flow


    Observations. From a series of observations, we establish: Facts. From a series of facts, or from an absence of fact, we
    make:

    Inferences. Testing the validity of our inferences, we make: Assumptions. From our assumptions, we form our: Opinions. Taking our opinions, we use the principles of
    logic to develop: Arguments. And when we want to challenge the arguments of others, we employ:

    Critical Analysis
    through which we challenge the observations, facts, inferences, and so on, in the arguments that we are analyzing

    How do you learn to practice a new method of thinking? Acquire Skills Develop Dispositions or Traits Evaluate your thinking practices according to Standards

    Skills
    Categorization Decoding significance Clarifying meaning
    Examining ideas Identifying arguments Analyzing arguments Assessing claims Assessing arguments Querying evidence Conjecturing alternatives Drawing conclusions Stating results Justifying procedures Presenting arguments Self-examination Self-correction

    Interpretation

    Analysis
    Evaluation Inference Explanation Self-regulation
    (2) p7. http://www.insightassessment.com/pdf_files/DEXadobe.PDF

    NATURES (out looking)


    Truth-seeking: A courageous desire for the best knowledge, even if such knowledge fails to support or undermine ones preconceptions, beliefs or self-interests. Open-mindedness: Tolerance for divergent views, self-monitoring for possible bias. Analyticity: Demanding the application of reason and evidence, alert to problematic situations, inclined to anticipate consequences. Systematicaly: Valuing organization, focus and diligence to approach problems of all levels of complexity. CT Self-confidence: Trusting of ones own reasoning skills and seeing oneself as a good thinker. Inquisitiveness: Curious and eager to acquire knowledge and learn explanations even when the applications of the knowledge are not immediately present. Maturity: Prudence in making, suspending or revising judgment. An awareness that multiple solutions can be acceptable. An appreciation of the need to reach closure even in the absences of complete knowledge.

    STANDARDS Clear Accurate Precise Relevant Deep Broad Logical Significant

    Developing Discussion Questions to Promote Critical Thinking

    After

    students have communicated their ideas, either orally via group discussions or in writing via minute papers, I periodically ask them to reflect on what type of critical thinking my question was designed to promote and whether they think they demonstrated that critical thinking in their response. I typically ask them to record their personal reflections in writing, either working individually or in pairs; in the latter case, their task is to listen and record the reflections shared by their partner.

    Developing Discussion Questions to Promote Critical Thinking


    One

    distinguishing characteristic of highachieving college students is that they tend to reflect on their thought processes during learning and are aware of the cognitive strategies they use.

    Developing Discussion Questions to Promote Critical Thinking

    Additional research indicates that students can learn to engage in such meta-cognition (thinking about thinking) if they are regularly asked self-assessment questions, which require reflection on their own thought processes. When students learn to routinely ask themselves these questions, the depth and quality of their thinking are enhanced

    Developing Discussion Questions to Promote Critical Thinking

    Higher-level thinking questions

    Open-ended questions aimed at provoking divergent thinking Go beyond knowledge-level recall Should promote evaluation and synthesis of facts and concepts Should start or end with words or phrases such as explain, compare, why

    Developing Discussion Questions to Promote Critical Thinking

    Socratic questioning

    Focuses on clarification Probes or explores the meaning, justification, or logical strength of a claim or position How is X similar or different from Y? Debate format gets students to see multiple sides of an issue

    Teaching Strategies that Promote Critical Thinking


    Ask students to summarize in writing and orally what the teacher or another student has said Ask students to elaborate on what has been said either by giving examples and using their own words Ask students to make connections between related concepts PROMOTING ACTIVE LEARNING (How to Improve Student Learning: A Mini Guide for those who teach)

    Teaching Strategies that Promote Critical Thinking


    Ask students to state the most important concept of the class thus far Ask students to state the most confusing point of the class thus far Ask students to discuss any of the above with a partner for 30 seconds, and then ask them to participate in a class discussion

    Teaching Strategies that Promote Critical Thinking


    Ask students to deliberate on real-life situations such as pretend judges hearings (schema) Ask students to write and/or present persuasive arguments that are data and evidence based Get students to debate content-related material

    Teaching Strategies that Promote Critical Thinking


    Get students to keep journals on their reactions and evaluations of what they read for class Create problem-solving exercises and get students to work collaboratively Give students essays to write that ask them to interpret, synthesize, analyze, and evaluate material

    THE ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING

    o All reasoning has a purpose. o All reasoning is an attempt to figure something out, o o o o
    to settle some question, to solve some problem. All reasoning is based on assumptions. All reasoning is done from some point of view. All reasoning is based on data, information, and evidence. All reasoning is expressed through, and shaped by, concepts and ideas. All reasoning contains inferences by which we draw conclusions and give meaning to data. All reasoning leads somewhere, has implications and consequences.

    o
    o

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