Transport and Communication: Presented by Akshay Lajpal Class VII B'

TRANSPORT and COMMUNICATION
PRESENTED BY Akshay Lajpal Class VII B
OBJECTIVES
To explain the importance of transport and
communication in the ever shrinking world.
MODES OF TRANSPORT
INTRODUCTION
Transport and communication play an important role in day to day life
as they link production with consumption. Production itself becomes easy by transport, communication and trade as processing site is linked with the sites of raw material. Developed transport, communication and trade help goods and services being distributed in the local, national and international markets. They not only ensure movement of people, materials and communication but also movement of ideas, and skill from one region to another. So, the development of efficient transport and communication network reflects the development of economy and the country as a whole. These means are called lifelines of a nations economy. In the modern world, no country can prosper without the co-operation and help of other countries . For this movement of goods and material is essential among the countries .Movement of goods and materials among the countries is termed as trade. Trade provides with our necessities and also add to our amenities and comforts. Transport, communication and trade are essential for economic integration, social interaction and defence of the country as well as other countries.
TRANSPORT NETWORK
MEANS OF TRANSPORT
LAND
WATER
AIR
ROADWAYS
RAILWAYS
PIPELINES
INLAND WAYS
OVERSEAS WAYS
DOMESTIC AIRWAYS
INTERNATIONAL AIRWAYS
PUBLIC UNDERTAKING
PRIVATE AIRLINES
(b.) NATIONAL HIGHWAYS -- As on March 31,2006 - 65,569 km.

2% of the total length of the road network CPWD constructs and maintains National Highways. 35%-single lane, 53%-2lane & 12%-4 lane or more. (c.) STATE HIGHWAYS -- 1.28 lakh km. 97%of the length of state highway is metalled. The State Highways are constructed and maintained by State Government. (d.) DISTRICTS ROADS 4,70,000 km. Districts authorities constructs and maintain the District Roads (e.) OTHER ROADS - mostly kuchcha roads, 26,50,000 km. (f.) BORDER ROADS - Border Road Development Board , Worlds highest Roads from Manali (H.P.) to Leh of Ladakh (J&K)
ROAD DENSITY -
The lowest density 10 km.per 100 sq.km in J.&K. The highest density 375 km.per 100 sq.km. in Kerala The national average of road density 75 km. per 100 sq. km.
PROBLEMS FACED BY ROAD TRANSPORT 1.Inadequate

2 .43% of road are unsurfaced. 3. Highly congested in cities & Bridges are narrow. 4.Roadside amenities are not sufficient &Emergencies services are poor.
RAILWAYS
Introduced by British Govt. in 1853 - 34 km. between Mumbai to Thane
Railway Network in India

(As on March 31,2004)
1. Route

Length 2.Railway Station 3. Railway Engines 4. Coaches 5. Wagons 6. Running Track 7. Electrified Track 8. Zones
: 63,221 km :7,031 :7,817 :36,510 :2,28,170 :1,07,969 km. :17,500 km. :16
PROGRESS MADE BY INDIAN RAILWAYS SINCE INDEPENDENCE

1. The total length of railway network as on March, 2002 was 63028 km. (i) Broad Gauge (1.67 metre) - 45622 km. (70%) (ii) Metre Gauge (1 metre) - 14364 km. (24.6%) (iii) Narrow Gauge(0.77 metre) - 3136 km. (5.36%) As on March, 1951 53596 km. - 18% increase 2. Additional Lines on the already existing busy routes total running track had increased from 59,315 km. to 1,07,969 km. in 2001. 3. Electrification of route By March,2006 the Indian railways had got 17500 km. of railway route electrified.(26% of total route) Purposes of Electrification (i) relieves railways from steam engines. (ii) ensure more speedy movement. (iii) Clean and pollution free travel. 4. Container Service - Provides door to door service for goods & commodities by CCI. 5. Computerised reservation & more and more coaches and sleepers. 6. METRO Railway - Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai & Chennai 7. Super fast Trains 8. Biggest Government Department 15.5 lakhs regular employees &2 lakhs casual.
5.
PRESENT PROBLEMS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

Travelling without tickets.
Thefts of railway properties. Damaging railway properties. Pulling up of chains and stopping of trains. Attacks of terrorists. Bomb blasts. Throwing of passengers out of trains over traffic matters
India has a large number of perennial rivers and a very long coastline of 6100 km.
Types of waterways:- (a.)

National Waterways :-
waterways
Inland water transport (b) Ocean water transport
1.The Ganga river - Allahabad to Haldia - 1620 km. 2. The Brahmaputra river - Sadiya TO Dhubri - 891 km. 3. The West Coast Canal - Kollam to Kottapuram - 14 km. 4. The Champakara Canal Kerala -13 km. 5. Udagmandalam Canal - Kerala -22 km.
Major Sea Ports :- At the time of Independence - 5 sea ports Sea ports at West Coast Seaports at East Coast
1. Kandla 2. Mumbai 3. Nhova Sheva (Jawahar Lal Nehru) 4.Mormugao 5. Mangalore 6. Kochi 1. Tuticorin 2. Chennai 3. Ennore 4. Vishakhapatnam 5. Paradip 6. Haldia
Air travel is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport. Civil Aviation Department of controls and supervises the activities of airlines and gives guidelines for safe operations of the airlines. AIR SERVICES :- 1. Air India
Airways
2. Indian Airlines 3. Pawan Hans Helicopters 4. Private Air Lines (Scheduled & Non-scheduled)-70 International Airports :- 14 1.Delhi 8.Kochi 2.Mumbai 9.Hyderabad 3.Chennai 10. Guwahati 4. Kolkata 11. Bangalore 5. Amritsar 12. Thiruvananthapuram 6. Ahmedabad 13. Srinagar 7. Panaji 14. Pune Airports are managed by Airports Authority of India.
- 26 Air Craft - 54 Air Craft
The Role of Transport Network in the development of India

Lifelines of the Country2. Transportation3. Turning of local market into national market 4. Help in the development of economy 5. National integration of the country 6. Cultural integration
1.
COMMUNICATION NETEORK
Communication is the process in which messages are sent from one place to another; people sitting thousands of km. away talk with one another and even watch one another. Various Means of communication1. Postal Services 2. Print Media 3. Telecommunication4. Electronic Media - Radio & Television 5. Teleprinters and Cables
THANK YOU

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TRANSPORT and COMMUNICATION

PRESENTED BY Akshay Lajpal Class VII B

communication in the ever shrinking world.

(b.) NATIONAL HIGHWAYS -- As on March 31,2006 - 65,569 km.

PROBLEMS FACED BY ROAD TRANSPORT 1.Inadequate

Railway Network in India

PROGRESS MADE BY INDIAN RAILWAYS SINCE INDEPENDENCE

PRESENT PROBLEMS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

Types of waterways:- (a.)

- 26 Air Craft - 54 Air Craft

The Role of Transport Network in the development of India

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