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    Conceptual Frame Work

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    Anusha Verghese
    Conceptual Frame Work

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    Conceptual Frame Work

    Uploaded by

    Anusha Verghese
    196 views36 pages
    Conceptual Frame Work

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    Conceptual Frame Work

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    196 views36 pages

    Conceptual Frame Work

    Uploaded by

    Anusha Verghese
    Conceptual Frame Work

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 36

    CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

    Conceptual Theories

    context or

    or Models or Frame works or Schemes or Maps

    THEORY Theory is an imaginative grouping of knowledge, ideas and experience that are represented symbolically and seek to illuminate a given phenomenon. (Watson, 1985)

    Theory is a logically interconnected set of confirmed hypothesis. (Mc Kay, 1969)

    Theories Not discovered Created & invented Theory construction - creative and intellectual enterprise (Realities) Theories can never be proven or confirmed (New evidence / observation disprove or discredit a theory)

    PURPOSES
    Knit

    observations & facts into an orderly system Make scientific finding meaningful and generalizable. Drawing and summarizing accumulated facts from separate investigations Provides directions and impetus

    FUNCTIONS
    Descriptions
    Explanations Predictions Control

    NURSING THEORIES
    Knowledge
    Practice

    building Nursing as a Profession

    based on sound reliable knowledge

    Predicts

    patients response to Nursing care Clinical decision making

    NATURE OF THEORIES
    Concepts Basic Ingredients / Building bocks of theory (Eg., Health, Interactions & Adaptation) Conceptual models- Spring boards of research hypothesis

    DEVELOPING CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK


    Appropriate research questions Methods and strategies Consistent with existing body of research evidence Conceptual rationale

    IILUSTRATION
    Classical Learning Theory (Theory of Reinforcement) Reinforced behavior Tend to be repeated Learned (Concept Reinforcement and Learning) (Relationship between concepts)- Hyperactive children PraisesLess Acting out behavior

    Illustration Contd..
    A Nurse led smoking cessation intervention would reduce rates of smoking among patients with CVDS Prediction

    Theoretical rationale
    ( Behavior change, knowledge , attitude and motivation )

    Illustration Contd..
    Gender difference in coping with loss of a child

    Prediction
    Biological gender difference, Role difference, Social experience difference

    CHARACTERISTICS OF THEORY
    1.Interrelated concepts 2.Logical 3.Relatively simple yet generalizable 4.Bases for hypothesis (Tested or expanded ) Eg. Quantitative / Qualitative) 5.Increase the general body of knowledge 6.Guides and improves practice 7.Leaves open unanswered questions that need to be investigated

    STEPS IN THEORY DEVELOPMENT


    Criticism

    & fault finding Statement of the Problem Concept identification Proposition or principle formation Theory construction Validation of Theory Testing theory

    CONSTRUCTION OF THEORY
    1.Situation Producing Theory 2.Situation relating Theory 3.Factor relating Theory 4.Factor isolating theory

    CLASSIFICATION OF THEORIES
    1.Broad range Theories / Grand theories Large segments of human experience- Theories on nursing process 2.Middle range theories- Narrow range of experience Decision making, Stress, Self care, Health promotion, Infant attachment

    RESEARCH FRAME WORK


    Theory
    Theory Theory

    Linked Research
    Generating Research Testing Research

    SELECTION OF THEORY IN RESEARCH


    1.Statement of the purpose of the study
    2.The Purpose as a declarative statement 3.Purpose as a question 4.Purpose as a hypothesis

    THEORY TESTING
    Descriptive

    Theories ( Qualitative studies ) ( Describe/ classify specific dimensions, characteristics of individuals, groups, situations or events by summarizing observations )

    Explanatory Theories

    Theory of planned behavior Peoples intention to perform or not perform a behavior


    (Attitude

    towards behavior Subjective norms Perceived behavior control)

    Hypothesis Generation Compliance with a medical regimen, Health decision making behavior, ( Contraceptive choice, Condom use, Preventive health screening )

    CATEGORIES OF THEORIES
    1.Need / Problem oriented
    Nightingale Abdella

    Henderson
    Orem Hall Watson

    2.Interaction oriented
    Peplau Orlando

    Weidenback
    King

    patterson

    Erickson

    3.System oriented
    Johnson Roy

    Neuman
    Levine Leininger

    4.Energy Field
    Rogers
    Parse Newman

    Nightingale's Environment Model Florence Nightingale(1874)

    Ventilation Warmth Light Noise Variety Bed & Bedding Cleanliness of Room and Walls Nutrition

    *Environmental function a Nurse could control

    Nightingales Model for Nursing Practice:

    Orems self care theory

    Dorothea Elizabeth Orem (1991)


    Theory of self care self care requisition Universal self care requisition Developmental self care can requisition Health deviant self care requisition

    1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

    Peplaus interpersonal relation theory


    Hidegaurd . E. peplau (1952) Phases of IPR 1. Orientation felt need 2. Identification- Identification of meeting needs 3. Exploitation relationship( Communication ) 4. Resolution Termination of therapeutic relationship

    Concept
    Direction

    for nursing practice, Education and Research Contribution to nursing knowledge base

    Orlandos nursing process theory


    Ida jean orlando(1959) 1. Professional function - Responsibility 2. Patient behavior 3. Nurses reaction 4. Nurses action Concept Evaluation of training programmes Testing of validity of nursing formulations

    Kings Goal attainment theory


    Imogene

    King(1975)

    Social system (Society) Interpersonal system (groups) Personal system (individuals)

    Concept
    Nurse

    patient interaction - goal attainment

    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

    11.
    12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

    Erickson, Tomlin Theory of modeling and role modeling Boylin and schoenhofar theory of Nursing and caring Johnson behavioral system model Roy adaptation model Neumans System model Levins four conservative principles Levinges cultural care theory Rogers theory of unitary human being Neumans Theory of health Fitzpatricks rhythm model Travelbees Human Human relationship model Benners excellent and power in clinical nursing practice Mercers Theory in maternal role attainment Adams Conceptual model in nursing Parses man living Health theory Jean Rachel's symbolic intervention Bernards patient child intervention model Penders Health promotion model

    Other Theories
    Theory

    of menstrual care Activities of daily living Theory of quality of family care giving Theory of relapse among ex smokers Theory of uncertainty Theory of peri menopausal process Theory of self transcendence Theory of caring in perinatal nursing Theory of personal risk Theory of illness

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