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    SSL Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Eswin Angel
    This document discusses cryptography and network security topics such as web security, SSL/TLS, and SET secure payment protocols. It describes how SSL/TLS uses encryption and authentication to provide secure communication over TCP. It also explains how SET allows for secure online credit card transactions through the use of digital signatures, certificates, and protocols to authenticate parties and protect sensitive information.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    SSL Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Eswin Angel
    2K views23 pages
    This document discusses cryptography and network security topics such as web security, SSL/TLS, and SET secure payment protocols. It describes how SSL/TLS uses encryption and authentication to provide secure communication over TCP. It also explains how SET allows for secure online credit card transactions through the use of digital signatures, certificates, and protocols to authenticate parties and protect sensitive information.

    Original Description:

    SSL (Secure Socket Layer) architecture

    Original Title

    SSL Architecture.ppt

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    This document discusses cryptography and network security topics such as web security, SSL/TLS, and SET secure payment protocols. It describes how SSL/TLS uses encryption and authentication to provide secure communication over TCP. It also explains how SET allows for secure online credit card transactions through the use of digital signatures, certificates, and protocols to authenticate parties and protect sensitive information.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views23 pages

    SSL Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Eswin Angel
    This document discusses cryptography and network security topics such as web security, SSL/TLS, and SET secure payment protocols. It describes how SSL/TLS uses encryption and authentication to provide secure communication over TCP. It also explains how SET allows for secure online credit card transactions through the use of digital signatures, certificates, and protocols to authenticate parties and protect sensitive information.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Cryptography and Network Security

    Web Security
    Web

    now widely used by business, government, individuals but Internet & Web are vulnerable have a variety of threats

    integrity confidentiality denial of service authentication

    need

    added security mechanisms

    SSL (Secure Socket Layer)


    transport

    layer security service originally developed by Netscape version 3 designed with public input subsequently became Internet standard known as TLS (Transport Layer Security) uses TCP to provide a reliable end-to-end service SSL has two layers of protocols

    SSL Architecture

    SSL Architecture
    SSL

    connection

    a transient, peer-to-peer, communications link associated with 1 SSL session

    SSL

    session

    an association between client & server created by the Handshake Protocol define a set of cryptographic parameters may be shared by multiple SSL connections

    SSL Record Protocol Services


    message

    integrity

    using a MAC with shared secret key similar to HMAC but with different padding using symmetric encryption with a shared secret key defined by Handshake Protocol AES, IDEA, RC2-40, DES-40, DES, 3DES, Fortezza, RC4-40, RC4-128 message is compressed before encryption

    confidentiality

    SSL Record Protocol Operation

    SSL Change Cipher Spec Protocol


    one

    of 3 SSL specific protocols which use the SSL Record protocol a single message causes pending state to become current hence updating the cipher suite in use

    SSL Alert Protocol

    conveys SSL-related alerts to peer entity severity


    warning or fatal

    specific alert
    fatal: unexpected message, bad record mac, decompression failure, handshake failure, illegal parameter warning: close notify, no certificate, bad certificate, unsupported certificate, certificate revoked, certificate expired, certificate unknown

    compressed & encrypted like all SSL data

    SSL Handshake Protocol

    allows server & client to:


    authenticate each other to negotiate encryption & MAC algorithms to negotiate cryptographic keys to be used

    1. 2. 3. 4.

    comprises a series of messages in phases


    Establish Security Capabilities Server Authentication and Key Exchange Client Authentication and Key Exchange Finish

    SSL Handshake Protocol

    TLS (Transport Layer Security)


    IETF

    standard RFC 2246 similar to SSLv3 with minor differences


    in record format version number uses HMAC for MAC a pseudo-random function expands secrets has additional alert codes some changes in supported ciphers changes in certificate types & negotiations changes in crypto computations & padding

    Secure Electronic Transactions (SET)


    open

    encryption & security specification to protect Internet credit card transactions developed in 1996 by Mastercard, Visa etc not a payment system rather a set of security protocols & formats

    secure communications amongst parties trust from use of X.509v3 certificates privacy by restricted info to those who need it

    SET Components

    SET Transaction
    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

    customer opens account customer receives a certificate merchants have their own certificates customer places an order merchant is verified order and payment are sent merchant requests payment authorization merchant confirms order merchant provides goods or service merchant requests payment

    Dual Signature
    customer

    creates dual messages

    order information (OI) for merchant payment information (PI) for bank

    neither

    party needs details of other but must know they are linked use a dual signature for this

    signed concatenated hashes of OI & PI


    DS=E(PRc, [H(H(PI)||H(OI))])

    SET Purchase Request

    SET purchase request exchange consists of four messages


    1. 2. 3. 4.

    Initiate Request - get certificates Initiate Response - signed response Purchase Request - of OI & PI Purchase Response - ack order

    Purchase Request Customer

    Purchase Request Merchant


    verifies cardholder certificates using CA sigs 2. verifies dual signature using customer's public signature key to ensure order has not been tampered with in transit & that it was signed using cardholder's private signature key 3. processes order and forwards the payment information to the payment gateway for authorization (described later) 4. sends a purchase response to cardholder
    1.

    Purchase Request Merchant

    Payment Gateway Authorization


    verifies all certificates 2. decrypts digital envelope of authorization block to obtain symmetric key & then decrypts authorization block 3. verifies merchant's signature on authorization block 4. decrypts digital envelope of payment block to obtain symmetric key & then decrypts payment block 5. verifies dual signature on payment block 6. verifies that transaction ID received from merchant matches that in PI received (indirectly) from customer 7. requests & receives an authorization from issuer 8. sends authorization response back to merchant
    1.

    Payment Capture
    merchant

    sends payment gateway a payment capture request gateway checks request then causes funds to be transferred to merchants account notifies merchant using capture response

    Summary
    have

    considered:

    need for web security SSL/TLS transport layer security protocols SET secure credit card payment protocols

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